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BEIJING, Oct. 16 (Xinhua) -- When the 18 farmers in east China's Anhui Province, their bellies rumbling, stamped red fingerprints on the land-contracting agreement three decades ago, they never expected they might be making history."We had no other choice," said 70-year-old Yan Lixue. Prior to World Food Day this Saturday, he recalled the bitterness and successes from those past days.The elderly man used to be head of the production team at Xiaogang Village in Fengyang County.At that time, Fengyang was dubbed the "hometown of beggars", and was infamous for its poverty. It was the hometown of Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor (1368-98) of the Ming Dynasty. Ironically, Zhu, started as an insurrectionary army leader, though he used to be a beggar, too. The local opera in Fengyang was said to be sung for begging, at the beginning.With stubble on his square chin, Yan said his only memory of those days was hunger."At that time, we ate from the 'big cooking pot'," he recalled. The "big cooking pot" referred to the public kitchen. Establishment of the Peoples' Commune was made official state policy in 1958. In the Commune, everything was shared and people were encouraged to eat in the commune's kitchen. Private cooking was then banned and replaced by communal dining.But the food from the "big cooking pot" was not enough. In Yan's memory, the days were horrible when there were fewer than 0.25 kilograms of grain per person."Sometimes people ate wild herbs or bark from the trees," he said.As a result, 67 people died of hunger during the Great Leap Forward from 1959 to 1961 when six out of over 30 households in Xiaogang disappeared. In Fengyang, 90,000 people, or one in four people, died."Sometimes you would see a person tumble and never stand up again," Yan said.The nightmare was shared by another villager, Guan Youjiang."I had four children. When they cried with hunger, my heart ached," he recalled. In his home there were only pots and beds.Yan went out to beg in 1976. At first he begged in nearby Huaiyuan County, and then roamed further to the richer Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.He then refused to lead the production team any more. "The young people mostly went out to beg and few were left to work on the field."In fact, they were not allowed to beg all year long. "We took turns going out. There had to be someone working for the village."Realizing that they could starve to death, Yan believed that they had nothing to lose, although "signing the land contracting agreement could mean severe penalties, like imprisonment or even execution," he said.

SHANGHAI, Oct. 1 (Xinhua) -- Wu Bangguo, chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee, on Friday delivered a speech at the ceremony for the China National Pavilion Day at the Shanghai World Expo.The following is the translated version of the full text of his speech:Address by Chairman Wu BangguoOf the Standing Committee of the National People's CongressAt the Ceremony for the National Day of ChinaOf Expo 2010 Shanghai ChinaShanghai, 1 October 2010Your Excellencies Heads of State and Speakers of Parliament,Distinguished Guests,Ladies and Gentlemen,Friends,On this joyous day of grand celebration for the 61st anniversary of the People's Republic of China, we gather here to mark the China National Pavilion Day of Expo 2010 Shanghai. It adds to happiness of the anniversary of the People's Republic, and it brings the Expo 2010 Shanghai event to a new height. At the outset, I wish to extend, on behalf of the Chinese government and people, warm welcome and sincere thanks to all distinguished guests attending the China National Pavilion Day events.Expo 2010 Shanghai is the first such global event hosted by a developing country in the history of the world expo. In the past five months, participants from 246 countries and international organizations have gathered by the Huangpu River to attend the Expo. The Expo site has hosted over 100 foreign leaders and nearly 60 million Chinese and foreign visitors. Together with the over two million dedicated volunteers from home and abroad, they have made "Better City, Better Life" a living reality. In the less than six square kilometer Expo Park, pavilions of diverse styles bearing distinct features of different countries stand alongside each other, hosting creative exhibitions and various cultural performances, not to mention the unique Urban Best Practices Area and the inspiring forum dialogues. Together, they form a vivid picture of the diverse world and the harmonious co-existence of different cultures and civilizations. We have every reason to believe that, with concerted efforts of all sides, Expo 2010 Shanghai will surely be a successful, splendid and unforgettable event. Let me take this opportunity to express sincere gratitude to the governments and peoples of other countries, to the International Exhibitions Bureau and relevant international organizations, to all participants for their great support for the Expo and to all friends who have contributed their share to the Expo.Ladies and Gentlemen,Friends,Standing proudly in the Expo Park, the splendid and magnificent China Pavilion, the "Oriental Crown", is a showcase of "Chinese Wisdom in Urban Development". It is living proof of the effort by the Chinese people in pursuit of a better life. It gives expression to the long-lasting belief in harmony as rooted in the Chinese culture and to the vision of a brighter future of China through scientific development.The Chinese nation has a long history and a splendid culture. For over 5,000 years, generation after generation of the Chinese people of different ethnic groups have lived on this vast land. They have formed a fine character of diligence, courage and self-reliance. They are open-minded and inclusive. They dare to innovate and explore new ways of development. The contribution they have made to the progress of human civilization is significant and indelible.Over the past 60 years or more since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China has led the Chinese people of all ethnic groups in an earth-shaking and pioneering endeavor and succeeded in bringing about three historic shifts: the shift from a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society to a new society of national independence, where people are the masters of their own country; the shift from a new democratic revolution to a socialist revolution and development; and the shift from a highly centralized planned economy to a robust socialist market economy and from a closed or semi-closed state to one of all-round opening up. These are indeed epoch-making changes of the Chinese nation. In the past 30 years since the beginning of reform and opening-up, China's economy has maintained rapid growth rarely seen in the world. Our social programs have made progress. Our comprehensive national strength has increased significantly. Our people, on the whole, are leading a life of moderate prosperity, with the outlook of rural and urban areas steadily improving. We enjoy unity and amity among all our ethnic groups, harmony and stability in our society and continued rise in our international standing. China, once an ancient land, is taking on new vigor and vitality.Looking ahead, we will build a moderately prosperous society at a higher level by 2020 to benefit our over one billion people, and will realize modernization by the middle of this century. This is the grand vision and abiding goal of the Chinese people from generation to generation.The Chinese people, once plagued by poverty and hunger, long all the more for a life of prosperity and peace. This had made development a common pursuit of the Chinese people.China has given top priority to development ever since it started reform and opening-up. This has resulted in higher and higher living standards of the people and rendered the belief that development is of overwhelming importance popular and unchangeable.The Chinese nation is a peace-loving nation. Having suffered from numerous atrocities and wars in modern history, we know all too well the value of peace. And we are keener in the understanding that to uphold world peace is our international obligation and serves our development need at home.China is the largest developing country in the world, and China's development is based on a large population, a weak economic foundation and a late start in development. China remains and will continue to be in the primary stage of socialism for a fairly long period of time. We are consciously aware that there will be problems and challenges on the way ahead. Yet, we are fully confident about our future, because we have embarked on a road of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and have formulated a system of theories on socialism with Chinese characteristics. As long as we follow this road unswervingly, thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, continue to free our minds, remain committed to reform and opening-up and promote scientific development and social harmony, we will certainly make China a socialist modern country that is prosperous, democratic, harmonious and culturally advanced.Ladies and Gentlemen,Friends,Though Expo 2010 Shanghai will be concluded in one month's time, the spirit of progress, innovation, harmony and common prosperity advocated by the Expo will long endure. Ours is a time when people around the world are calling for peace, development and cooperation. Let us join hands to enhance exchanges and mutual learning, deepen contacts and coordination, rise up to challenges, and work together to build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity!Thank you.

BEIJING, Sept. 19 (Xinhua) -- Ghana's President John Evans Atta Mills arrived in Beijing on Sunday evening, kicking off his state visit to China.During his six-day China trip, Mills will hold talks or meet with Chinese leaders including President Hu Jintao and top legislator Wu Bangguo.Besides Beijing, he will visit southwest China's Chongqing municipality, southern city of Shenzhen and the nation's economic hub Shanghai.

BEIJING, Aug. 27 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao has urged government officials at all levels to strictly follow the laws and regulations in a bid to steer away from corruption and ensure the good of the public."In a peaceful time, corruption is the greatest danger for a ruling party, and the basic reason for corruption is that powers are not properly supervised and restricted," Wen said Friday during a national meeting on lawful administration.He called it a "major test" for the government to handle graft issues properly.Wen said the task of building a lawful government is the basic guarantee for promoting social fairness and justice, a key measure for anti-corruption and also an essential part for the reform of the country's political system."Currently our country's economic and social development has entered a new phase. More challenges have emerged as domestic and overseas environments become more complicated. We should deepen reform while promoting administration in accordance with the laws in order to solve new problems," he said.According to Wen, a sound market environment with fair competition can only be created when the government uses laws and regulations to manage various market entities, provide services for them and ensure their rights.He urged officials to strengthen legislation in key fields in order to solve deep-seated problems in the economic and social development, and ensure public ideas be fully reflected during the legislation process.Further, Wen called for scientific and democratic decision-making."Before making a major decision, the idea must be examined as to whether it is in accordance with the laws. If it goes beyond the authority of the decision makers or goes against the laws, the idea should be discarded," he said.Wen also called for a transparent and open government work system as long as it doesn't involve state secrets, commercial secrets or individual privacy.He cited key areas that should be open to the public including financial budgets, management of public resources, major construction projects and charities, among others.In addition, Wen urged improving the current administrative supervision system and called on government departments to protect civilians' rights to directly supervise the government and support media exposure on illegal activities and improper behavior by government officials.

来源：资阳报