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JERUSALEM, April 12 (Xinhua) -- Israeli-Canadian archaeologist Simcha Jacobovici may have stumbled upon a major archaeological find if his claim of unearthing the nails used to hold Jesus on the cross during his crucifixion are to be believed.Jacobovici maintains that small metal remains dug out of the soil in a cave in a Jerusalem neighborhood are in fact the nails that held Jesus on the cross, the Ha'aretz daily reported Tuesday.The artifacts were found in a cave in the Armon Hanatziv ridge, about 6 km south of the Old City, during the course of a construction work in 1990. The hilly area now contains apartment buildings.During the excavation of the cave, a stone vessel with the name Caiaphas, the name of the High Priest considered responsible for turning Jesus over to the Romans, and two rusty nails, which Jacobovici believes to be the relics, was unearthed.However, officials from the Israeli Antiquities Authority told Xinhua although they regard Jacobovici as a great archaeologist and documentary filmmaker, they do not believe the cave really belongs to the High Priest of the Second Temple period (between 536 BC and 70 AD)."The reason is that during that period of time there were a lot of people with the name Caiaphas," a statement from the Antiquities Authority said, "And for example, it is inconceivable that every gravestone bearing the name Moshe Dayan, which is very common in these parts, should be ascribed to the same personality who played so prominent a role in our recent history."Dayan was an Israeli army general who led his troops to victory in the 1967 war.The authority considers Jacobovici's contention as "fantasy" that should not be considered conclusive, since there is no agreed- upon evidence backing it up.Jacobovici is standing his ground, however, and contends that during the Second Temple Period the name Caiaphas was uncommon, and therefore the tomb must belong to the infamous priest.Jacobovici, a well-known documentary filmmaker, has produced films about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and human trafficking that earned him two Emmy Awards.He also worked alongside film director James Cameron on the movie Jesus' Lost Tomb.He expects to soon release a movie about the latest finds, entitled Nails on the Cross.

MOSCOW, April 12 (Xinhua) -- Does life exist on other planets beyond the solar system? Are there any other planets like the Earth in our universe? And what does the universe look like?On questions related to outer space, human beings have never stopped observing and thinking.Yuri Gagarin, who made the first manned space flight on April 12, 1961, and orbited Earth for 108 minutes before safely landing, opened a window named "space" to humankind. The Soviet cosmonaut's journey continues to be an inspiration for the world to "conquer" space -- but now for more peaceful purposes.After the Cold War, cooperation on space exploration and scientific researches has turned to a more pragmatic way. More and more countries are realizing that space programs are closely linked with their people's lives than ever before.GAGARIN'S LEGACY INSPIRES PEACEFUL COOPERATION IN SPACEThe UN General Assembly adopted a resolution earlier this month that declares April 12 the International Day of Human Space Flight. The resolution has been supported by more than 60 countries."Man's space odyssey, the fruitful cooperation of many states in outer space would have been impossible without the very first step, Yuri Gagarin's flight," said Vitaly Churkin, Russia's permanent representative to the United Nations.However, the first human space flight was actually a result of competition between the East and the West at the height of the Cold War when the Berlin Wall was built.That competition gradually evolved, however, into a joint space project that has drawn more than 15 nations -- the International Space Station (ISS). Such a project would almost impossible to imagine before.The Mars-500 project in Moscow, aimed at testing the physical and psychological strains on humans during a 500-day journey to "Mars," is another good example of the international cooperation in scientific research. The experiment included six crew members from four countries, including Russia, China, France and Italy.Compared with the times of Gagarin, who died in a 1968 plane crash,mankind has changed its approach to space exploration, rendering it more pragmatic. That's according to cosmonaut Pavel Vinogradov, now a deputy head of the Space Flight Center in the Energy Rocket-Space Corporation."Early romanticism and space race have gone. Countries have been replaced by the business-oriented cooperation in the recent decade," Vinogradov told Xinhua.Experts said the scale and costs of space explorations require massive international cooperation."Space programs have been more money-thirsty even than military programs, so the nations seek closer cooperation," Vinogradov said, "and this pays off."STARDUST YIELDS TO PRAGMATISMUnlike 50 years ago, space technologies now are more closely linked to people and more directly affect their daily lives. Nowadays, one just cannot imagine life without satellite TV or GPS.Veteran cosmonaut Georgy Grechko said orbits have become construction sites rather than military facilities and the space industry itself has swiftly evolved into just another sector of the global economy.Echoing Grechko, Vinogradov said space also is a testing ground for many other sectors, including the bio-technological and pharmaceutical industries."What is just as important, outer space has turned into a platform for close, open, and fruitful international cooperation for the benefits of global, universal peace and development," Russian President Dmitry Medvedev has said.UN General Assembly President Joseph Deiss has said that the newly established International Day of Human Space Flight should serve as an opportunity to reflect on the importance of peaceful use of space to develop essential technologies and scientific breakthroughs."Space technology is used in matters diverse, such as the fight against climate change, against desertification, and against the loss of biodiversity," Deiss said. "The satellite images provided have given essential data when it comes to avoiding the risks of natural disasters."So far, mankind has never stopped making progress beyond the earth's boundaries and the progress itself has never stopped sparking people's imagination about what is possible through the peaceful use and exploration of outer space.What's more, humankind has never stopped the space dream."The task of the government is to inject into the people an ability to dream," said Igor Zadorin, a member of Russia's National Strategy Council.Here is interesting news: NASA's head Charles Bolden arrived in Russia on the eve of Gagarin's flight anniversary and was expected to discuss Russia-U.S. cooperation on a joint flight to Mars by a nuclear-powered spacecraft.What can we expect in the future?

WELLINGTON, May 13 (Xinhua) -- While it's long been known that a little sunshine can spread happiness, researchers in New Zealand have found that it can also save the lives of pneumonia patients.Medical scientists have found that vitamin D, which is absorbed through the skin and produced with exposure to sunlight, is a major factor in the survival rate of pneumonia patients.Researchers at Waikato University collaborated with doctors at Waikato Hospital, both Hamilton-based institutions, to study blood samples of 112 patients admitted to the hospital with pneumonia during the winter.They found that those with severe vitamin D deficiency 17 of the patients were more likely to die within a month, compared with patients with normal or slightly low vitamin D levels.Dr Bob Hancox, of the hospital's department of respiratory medicine, said five of the 17 died, a 29-percent mortality rate, compared with four deaths among the 95 patients with higher vitamin D levels, a 4-percent mortality rate."The analysis confirmed that the difference in mortality rates between the two groups was very unlikely to be due to chance," Hancox told Xinhua.Vitamin D deficiency was a concern around the world, Hancox said."Sunlight is the main source of vitamin D, so it tends to be a winter problem in temperate climates when people spend a lot of time indoors. But it occurs in all countries and vitamin D deficiency is believed to be a major problem worldwide."There is accumulating evidence that we need vitamin D to help fight infections, such as pneumonia as we have shown, as well as improve bone health," he told Xinhua."What is not yet clear is whether we can do anything about it. We don't know whether treating people with vitamin D supplements would help to prevent or treat respiratory infections. This is what we need to find out now."Dr Ray Cursons, of the Biological Sciences department at Waikato University, said patient age, sex, additional health conditions, and other prognostic factors did not affect the research outcome, although researchers still could not establish a causal link between vitamin D deficiency and mortality in the patients.Waikato Hospital D respiratory specialist Dr Noel Karalus said it was not yet known whether giving patients vitamin D supplements after their admission to hospital with respiratory tract infections would alter outcomes."It may transpire that vitamin D helps us avoid infection rather than cure it once established."Cursons said the best source of vitamin D was sunlight as dietary sources such as fatty fish and cod liver oil did not contain enough vitamin D."There is still some controversy regarding the optimal daily allowance of vitamin D. How much we absorb through the skin depends on sun exposure, skin type and geographical latitude. M ori and Pacific Islanders absorb less because of their darker skin, and people in colder climates also have lower levels of vitamin D. "Pneumonia is the single largest cause of death in children worldwide, killing an estimated 1.6 million children under the age of five each year, according to the World Health Organization.The research findings are published in the journal Respirology, published by the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology, this month.

WASHINGTON, May 11 (Xinhua) -- Researchers at Brigham and Women 's Hospital (BWH), a teaching affiliate of Harvard Medical School, have identified a human lung stem cell that is self-renewing and capable of forming and integrating multiple biological structures of the lung. This research will be published Thursday in the New England Journal of Medicine."This research describes, for the first time, a true human lung stem cell. The discovery of this stem cell has the potential to offer those who suffer from chronic lung diseases a totally novel treatment option by regenerating or repairing damaged areas of the lung," said the study's corresponding author Piero Anversa, who is also director of the Center for Regenerative Medicine at the hospital.Using lung tissue from surgical samples, researchers identified and isolated the human lung stem cell and tested the functionality of the stem cell both in vitro and in vivo. Once the stem cell was isolated, researchers demonstrated in vitro that the cell was capable of dividing both into new stem cells and also into cells that would grow into various types of lung tissue. Next, researchers injected the stem cell into mice with damaged lungs. The injected stem cells differentiated into new bronchioles, alveoli and pulmonary vessel cells which not only formed new lung tissue, but also integrated structurally to the existing lung tissue in the mice.The researchers define this cell as truly "stem" because it fulfills the three categories necessary to fall under stem cell categorization: first, the cell renews itself; second, it forms into many different types of lung cells; and third, it is transmissible, meaning that after a mouse was injected with the stem cells and responded by generating new tissue, researchers were then able to isolate the stem cell in the treated mouse, and use that cell in a new mouse with the same results."These are the critical first steps in developing clinical treatments for those with lung disease for which no therapies exist. Further research is needed, but we are excited about the impact this discovery could have on our ability to regenerate or recreate new lung tissues to replace damaged areas of the lungs," said Joseph Loscalzo, chair of the Department of Medicine at BWH and co-author.

BAODING, Hebei, Feb. 3 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao Thursday called for efforts to promote welfare for senior citizens and vowed to improve the country's health care system to make medical services more affordable.Hu made the call during a three-day inspection tour in Baoding City of northern province of Hebei starting on Tuesday, during which he visited orphans, talked to senior citizens and extended festival greetings to local residents.At a nursing center in Shunping County of Baoding City, Hu offered New Year greetings to senior citizens, orphans and staff of the center.Hu wished the senior citizens good health and a long life, encouraged orphans to study hard, and thanked the staff for the care given to the aged.The Communist Party of China (CPC) and the government will make strenuous efforts to improve the welfare of seniors and make sure their difficulties are solved and they have access to better services, Hu said.When visiting Zhao Helou, a Baoding retiree who has been hospitalized several times and living in difficult circumstances, Hu promised assistance from the Party and the government to help Zhao tide over her problems.The health care and medical insurance system would be improved in the future to tackle people's difficulties in medical care, Hu promised.During his visit to Baoding, Hu also inspected drought conditions at wheat fields, joined villagers during New Year celebrations and extended Spring Festival greetings to passengers, station workers and volunteers.Hu, who is also general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, was briefed on the work of Hebei's provincial committee of the CPC and the provincial government during his tour.

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