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SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. 17 (Xinhua) -- Apple on Monday announced that it has sold more than four million of its new iPhone 4S, three days after the launch last Friday."IPhone 4S is off to a great start with more than four million sold in its first weekend--the most ever for a phone and more than double the iPhone 4 launch during its first three days," said Philip Schiller, Apple's senior vice president of worldwide product marketing.In addition, more than 25 million customers are already using iOS 5, the latest version of the mobile operating system powering Apple's mobile devices, since it was released last Wednesday; and more than 20 million customers have signed up for iCloud, the cloud service designed to store and sync data for download to multiple devices, said the company in the statement.The iPhone 4S, which looks the same as the iPhone 4, has major hardware upgrade inside, including a faster chip, a higher- resolution camera and Siri intelligent voice control.Last Friday, AT&T and Sprint, two iPhone wireless carriers in the United States, said they have seen record daily sales with the launch of the iPhone 4S.The lasted Apple smartphone is currently on sale in the U.S., Canada, France, Germany, Japan and Britain, and will be available in 22 more countries on Oct. 28. Apple said the phone will be on sale in more than 70 countries and regions by the end of this year.

NAIROBI, Nov. 15 (Xinhua) -- The UN refugee agency said on Tuesday there has been an outbreak of cholera in Dadaab, the world's largest refugee camp in Kenya, which is believed to have started among new arrivals who had most likely acquired it in Somalia or en route to the camp.The UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) said the situation in Dadaab, home to Somalis fleeing famine and conflict, is being exacerbated by heavy rains and accompanying risks of waterborne diseases."Rains and flooding had affected the trucking of water to parts of the camps, and we fear some refugees resorted to using unsafe water from flooded areas," the UN refugee agency said in a statement released in Nairobi.According to UNHCR, there are now 60 cases in the camps, including 10 laboratory-confirmed cases and one refugee death. To manage the outbreak, UNHCR and partners have set up cholera treatment centres for severe cases, it said.The UN agency deplored insecurity which it said continues to affect aid efforts more than a month after the kidnapping of three aid workers in Kenya's Dadaab refugee complex.The UNHCR says insecurity is still hampering aid efforts in the area, despite the deployment of 100 Kenyan policemen in the last month.UNHCR is assisting them with vehicles, shelter and telecommunications equipment."Together with our partners, we are exploring options to gradually resume full operations despite continued security incidents in and around Dadaab. In the meantime, refugees are still receiving life-saving aid, namely food, water and health care," it said.According to the agency, most cases can be managed through oral rehydration solutions (ORS) that can be given at home or at the health posts."We are working with UNICEF and the Ministry of Health to train health workers in the community-based management of diarrhoea so that patients can begin treatment at home," it said.UNHCR said it has increased levels of chlorine, which kills cholera-causing bacteria, at water points in the camps. These, it said, are monitored to make sure they are maintained at the correct levels."We are also promoting hygiene practices among the refugees, especially the use of latrines and hand washing with soap. Each refugee received 250 grams of soap with the latest food distribution and this will continue monthly for several months," UNHCR said.Dadaab is home to more than 400,000 registered refugees, nearly all of them Somali, with an estimated 70,000 people having arrived in July and August as conditions in their homeland rapidly deteriorated.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 7 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have demonstrated for the first time that the brain is a key player in regulating glucose (sugar) metabolism in humans.The findings, published Monday in the online edition of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, suggest that drugs targeting the brain and central nervous system could be a novel approach to treating diabetes."The brain is the body's only organ that needs a constant supply of glucose to survive, so it makes sense that it would have some say over how much glucose is produced," said study leader Meredith Hawkins, professor of medicine and director of the Global Diabetes Initiative at Yeshiva University, in a statement. "This role for the brain was demonstrated in earlier studies in rodents, but there was considerable controversy over whether the results could be applied to humans. We hope this study helps to settle the matter."In an earlier study in rodents, researchers showed that activation of potassium channels in the brain's hypothalamus sends signals to the liver that dampen its production of glucose. Those findings, published in Nature in 2005, challenged the conventional thinking that blood sugar production by the liver (the body's glucose factory) is regulated only by the pancreas (which makes insulin to metabolize glucose). But carefully performed studies on dogs, conducted at Vanderbilt University, failed to replicate the results, suggesting the Einstein findings in rodents might not be relevant to higher mammals, including humans.The current study, involving people, was aimed at resolving this controversy. Ten nondiabetic subjects were given oral diazoxide, a drug that activates potassium channels in the hypothalamus. (The drug is not used to treat diabetes.) Hormone secretion by the pancreas was controlled to ensure that any change in sugar production would only have occurred through the drug's effect on the brain. After the researchers administered the drug, blood tests revealed that patients' livers were producing significantly less glucose than before.Hawkins and her team then repeated this in rats, again giving diazoxide orally, achieving similar results. They confirmed that sufficient amounts of diazoxide crossed the blood-brain barrier to affect potassium channels in the hypothalamus. Additional experiments confirmed that diazoxide was working through the brain. Specifically, the researchers were able to completely block the effects of diazoxide by infusing a specific potassium channel blocker directly into the brain."This study confirms that the brain plays a significant role in regulating glucose production by the liver," said lead author Preeti Kishore, assistant professor of medicine. "We are now investigating whether this 'brain-to-liver' pathway is impaired in people with diabetes. If so, we may be able to restore normal glucose regulation by targeting potassium channels in the brain."

ISLAMABAD, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- Pakistan ranks the seventh in the world in terms of diabetes prevalence rate and over 7.1 million people in the country are diabetes patients, reported local media on Monday.Quoting a report by the World International Diabetes Federation, a local English newspaper "The News" said that every year 89,000 people die of diabetes in Pakistan and the number of diabetes patients in the country could hit 11.5 million by the year 2025 if proper measures were not taken.This would make Pakistan the world's fifth largest country in terms of its number of diabetes patients 14 years later, warned the report.At a seminar organized Monday in Islamabad to observe the World Diabetes Day which falls on Nov. 14, Dr. Abdus Salam from Shifa International Hospital, a private-run hospital in the capital city, said that every ten seconds, two people are diagnosed with diabetes and one person dies of diabetes-related causes.The average age of diabetes patients in Pakistan is one of the lowest in the world, said the report. In a bid to raise public awareness about the harmful effects of diabetes, various diabetes camps, scientific sessions, seminars and walks were organized across the country on Monday to mark the World Diabetes Day.In a message delivered on Sunday, Pakistani Prime Minister Yusuf Raza Gilani said that the World Diabetes Day draws attention to the lethality of the disease and underscores the need of preventive measures at individual and collective levels."Diabetes is a killer which is taking the life of one person out of every 800," said the prime minister, adding that "this disease hits people of all age groups, rich and poor alike without any discrimination."

BEIJING, Dec. 12 (Xinhua) -- A Foreign Ministry spokesman said on Monday that China welcomes the EU's new measures for coping with the European sovereign debt crisis worked out at the recently-concluded EU summit."We hope relevant measures can help stabilize the market, boost confidence in the market, stop the crisis from worsening, promote employment and economic growth, and push forward European integration," Foreign Ministry Spokesman Liu Weimin said at a routine press briefing.Last Friday at the summit in Brussels, EU leaders agreed on establishing a new "fiscal compact" based on inter-governmental treaties rather than the expected EU treaty changes. Britain opted out of the compact.Under the fiscal compact, member states will have to submit their draft budgetary plans to the European Commission, the EU's executive arm.As world's largest economy, the stable and healthy growth of the European Union and the Eurozone will be crucial to maintaining the momentum of recovery in the world economy, Liu said.China will maintain its support for EU integration, and continue to back the EU's efforts in combating the debt crisis in various ways, so as to jointly promote the stability of the international financial market and the recovery and growth of the world economy, he said."We are confident in Europe and the Eurozone, and believe that the EU has the ability and wisdom to resolve the sovereign debt crisis," Liu said.