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Half of the coral populations in the Great Barrier Reef off Australia’s coast have been killed off because of warming ocean waters, a new study says.Between 25-30 percent of all marine species rely on coral reefs at some point in their life cycle. The Great Barrier Reef is the world’s largest coral reef, covering nearly 133,000 square miles.It has more than 411 species of hard corals documented, as well as 1,500 species of fish and other animals.Researchers looking at coral populations over 30 years starting in 1995 found there was decline in both shallow and deeper water, and across different species. They said two in particular, branching and table-shaped corals, were especially hard hit in 2016 and 2017 because of record-breaking temperatures.The study finds climate change to be a key driver in reef disturbances that disrupt recovery.“The potential for recovery of older fecund corals is uncertain given the increasing frequency and intensity of disturbance events. The systematic decline in smaller colonies across regions, habitats and taxa, suggests that a decline in recruitment has further eroded the recovery potential and resilience of coral populations,” the researchers note.They also say the coral that spawn the larvae that makes more coral have declined dramatically over large stretches of the reef.“Corals are tremendously resilient because of their capacity to produce millions of babies but they/we desperately need a break from disturbances,” Andreas Dietzel, a professor at the ARC Center and a co-author of the paper, said in an email to the Washington Post. 1600

HAWAII (KGTV) -- As more evacuations loom in Hawaii, San Diegans are working to help those already in shelters on the Big Island.  143

He died shielding students from gunfire. He captured the gunman. She hid students in a closet.Tales of heroism have emerged as survivors recall the moments after a gunman opened fire Wednesday at the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida.Here are the stories of some of the people who saved lives:  331

GRAND RAPIDS, Mich. — The pandemic has been an isolating and difficult time for people who struggle with substance abuse and addiction, said Kristin Geitzen. She’s the CEO of Arbor Circle, an organization that provides a variety of mental health, substance abuse, and family supported services, and she and her team are worried for their patients.“You’re sitting around your house and people are drinking, drinking more than they had before or trying to self-medicate, or a variety of issues and concerns,” Gietzen said during a Zoom interview last week. “Substance abuse is a big deal and we’ve had overdoses during this time.”Geitzen said people have entered treatment for the first time after recognizing that they had a problem during the pandemic. Sobriety has been hard to maintain for some. Now, with more restrictions set to take place as cases spike across the country, the team at Arbor Circle fear that it could get worse for their patients and they're concerned about the impact it may have others, especially children.“We’re seeing in the child welfare system, we’re seeing a decline in reports of child abuse and neglect, and a decline in removals into foster care, which on the one hand is a good thing because we want children to stay in their families but we also know that abuse and neglect is often reported through school,” Gietzen said. “Where people are stressed, sometimes bad things can happen.”Accountability is key, she said. Typically, at Arbor Circle, they’d meet with their patients in person and check in on how things are going. However, with the pandemic going on it’s been hard to do.“People are also afraid to come into social settings or into treatment settings for good reasons. Many folks that have substance abuse disorders also have compromised health. They’re living with some of the risk factors that make COVID that much more risky,” Gietzen said. “So, it’s really a dance to try to figure out how to navigate this time for everyone.”However, the team and therapists at Arbor Circle are determined to help their patients endure, she said. They, like Alcoholics Anonymous and other mental health services, have shifted their work and appointments online. They encourage people who struggle with substance abuse to pay attention to their bodies and to respond to it positively by creating new habits.“With winter coming, you know we can all get very physically complacent,” Geitzen said. “We can do a lot to help our mood and help our circulation and all of the things that positively impact the way that we think by doing some physical activity. It’s critical.”Gietzen said she understands how hard it can be to stay motivated. She practices yoga and said it’s been difficult doing it on her own. However, she encourages others to find ways to stay motivated. She said the pandemic is like a marathon that's going to require endurance for everyone to get through.“We’re all in this situation together, as a community, as a nation, the whole world,” Gietzen said. “We are learning and experiencing something totally new. And, some of the tools and the tricks and treatment methods that we used in the past are not as effective right now. So, we have to all sharpen our tools.”This story originally reported by Lauren Edwards on FOX17online.com 3292

Have you ever wanted to know exactly what your dog is thinking? Pet owners around the country are starting to get the answers, with help from a device teaching animals how to talk."I really wanted a smart dog because I was pretty invested in the training process," said Alexis Devine, from Tacoma, Washington.Devine knew early on she wanted to test the boundaries of communication with her Sheepadoodle, Bunny. She was inspired by speech pathologist Christina Hunger, who went viral for teaching her dog how to talk with an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system. These devices are typically used in speech therapy to help non-verbal people to communicate. "I thought when we get our puppy, I have to try this out, and I bought the buttons long before we got Bunny," said Devine. Devine started small, purchasing a few sound buttons from Amazon. "Outside" was Bunny's first word. Devine pressed it every time they left the house, and soon enough, Bunny was pushing it on her own to go outside."She uses 'park' and 'beach' constantly, 'outside' quite a bit. She uses 'walk' a lot, 'ball', 'tug', and 'hippo' are really popular. 'Love you, mom,' are really popular," Devine said. Now, with over 40 buttons, Bunny is starting to form sentences."One of her longest sentences to date was, 'Home. Concerned. Soon poop, yes,' which felt very much like a toddler," Devine explained. "Like, 'I have to poop right now. We're in the house. I don't want to be.'" In addition to narrating what's happening around her, Bunny communicates what she wants and how she feels."A couple of days ago she pressed 'help' and then 'ouch' and put her left front paw on my hand, and I started looking between her paws and found a foxtail," Devine recalled. An invasive grass, foxtails are razor-sharp and can burrow into a dog's paw, causing infection."Who knows what's actually going on here, but I think if it's possible for our animals to tell us when and where they are in pain. It could revolutionize veterinary science," said Devine. Devine is now beta testing the FluentPet soundboard, a hexagonal tile grid created specifically for animals. The company combined ideas from speech-language pathology and cognitive science to develop intuitive arrangements designed to help owners and pets remember word locations. Everything Bunny says is recorded on video and sent to researchers studying how dogs understand words. The company is working with the Comparative Cognition Lab at UC San Diego, which studies the cognitive behavior and abilities of children, adults, and a variety of non-human animals."Does it matter if they start as a puppy or if they start later in life? Does it matter what breed they are? Does it matter what gender they are?" wondered Devine. They'll also be looking at processing time. Devine says their small group of beta testers is learning responses can take anywhere from 10 to 40 seconds. Bunny is now talking to people around the world. On TikTok, @what_about_bunny has amassed over 3 million followers and nearly 300,000 on Instagram. Thousands have ordered sound buttons through Amazon or FluentPet to teach their dogs, and cats, how to talk. One talkative feline, @billispeaks, is capturing the hearts of thousands on social media. She's often spotted pressing her favorite word, "mad." "I think what I would like the takeaway for everyone to be is--not 'Oh my god, our dogs can talk' but 'Oh my god, our dogs have been saying these things all along and we haven't been listening,'" said Devine.Devine says she remains skeptical. While Bunny's words make sense some days, they don't on others. She hopes they'll learn more as new dogs are studied."It's too early, but I'm really excited to see what comes out of it," she said.Either way, she says it's been an incredible tool to bond with Bunny.For those unsure where to start, FluentPet created a community-built guide with tips and tricks, do's and don'ts, and how-tos for modeling the most common first concepts. 4002

来源：资阳报