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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- As the ballot count continues, there’s been an explosion of rumors and misinformation on social media about the integrity of the process.Fact checkers have their hands full with false claims like #Sharpiegate.In this one, people in Arizona’s Maricopa County claimed election workers were up to no good by forcing them to mark ballots with Sharpies, those ballots would be invalid.#Sharpiegate was re-tweeted more than 300,000 times in just a few hours, according to the Election Integrity Project.However, Maricopa County Election officials say Sharpies are absolutely OK.In San Diego County, the Registrar of Voters Office says using a Sharpie will not invalidate a ballot. Even if ink bleeds through, it will not affect ovals on the other side, officials said.John Silva with the News Literacy Project says some of the rumors can be traced to regional differences. Different states have different election laws.“Almost every county, almost every city does things a little bit differently,” he said. “You see something in one part of the country and they're using Sharpies, but where you vote Sharpies are a ‘no no,’ you might interpret that as being something that's wrong even though it's totally right.”In other cases, false information might be spread intentionally for partisan purposes, he said.Silva encourages people to be skeptical of posts with certain key phrases that can be keywords of manipulation like “just let that sink in.”“We don't like this idea of being uncomfortable that there's some big thing that we're not aware of,” he said. “In the discomfort and the anxiety of not knowing, we might accept [the false information].”Other phrases to watch for: “the media won’t cover this” or “they don’t want you to know this.” There are thousands of journalists across the country who have strong incentives to be the first to break big stories -- provided of course that they are true.Another phrase: “let’s make this go viral.” Silva said this one plays into the psychological pressures of FOMO: fear of missing out.“We don't want to get left behind if everybody's following this one thing or believing in this one thing,” he said.Silva said we all need to take ownership of our online activities.“Every time you share or post something on social media, you're putting your reputation on the line,” he said. 2351

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As we approach the November election, all eyes are on a handful of battleground states.That’s because of an election procedure that a lot of people have questions about and one that is unique to presidential politics: the Electoral College.When you fill out a ballot for president, you’re not actually voting for the candidate whose name you see. In California, you’re actually voting for 55 people who you may have never heard of, a “slate of electors,” who turn around and cast the real votes from the state Capitol in December. It dates back to 1787. The Founding Fathers were split on the mechanics of how to elect a president, and “this was the thing that they could all agree on,” said UC San Diego political science professor Daniel Butler.The Electoral College was a compromise between the framers who were leery of giving direct power to the masses and others who opposed having Congress elect the president.“It felt a lot like Parliament, a lot like what the British did, which is not what they were going to do,” Butler said.Article II of the Constitution lays out how it works. Each state gets a number of electors equal to the size of their congressional delegation; their senators and U.S. representatives. California has 55 electors, the most of any state.The Founders set up the Electoral College system under one big assumption: that it would be extremely rare for candidates to actually secure a majority, which today is 270 votes. If the contest ended without a majority winner, it would be decided by Congress.The last election decided by Congress was in 1824. The scenario the Founders predicted might happen once or twice a century has unfolded in every election since.“I think what frustrates many people about the Electoral College is that that majority winner in the popular vote isn’t always who captures the majority in the Electoral College,” said UC San Diego political science chair Thad Kousser.In 2016, then-candidate Donald Trump became just the fifth person in history to win the Electoral College and lose the popular vote, out of 58 presidential elections. It also happened in 2000 in the contest between George W. Bush and Al Gore.The Founders envisioned the Electoral College as a check on the popular vote, able to potentially choose a different candidate than the one favored by the masses, but in practice, electors almost never do that. Most states have laws requiring electors to follow the popular vote.It was big news in 2016 when 10 electors broke ranks in an effort to block candidate Trump, because in every state electors are party loyalists, hand-picked by top leaders. So-called faithless electors have never swung an election.Kousser says for all the recent controversy surrounding the electoral college, there are some major benefits. Because the system empowers states whose electorate is closely divided between the parties, Kousser said it helps mitigate the role of money in politics.“What the electoral college does is it focuses and narrows the playing field to these few battleground states,” he said. “That's where you've got to run ads. That's where you've got to run your campaigns, not in 50 states. If we had to run 50-state campaigns then it would cost billions of dollars to win elections and it would give a huge advantage to whichever side raised the most money.”The other benefit of focusing elections on key swing states is that it pushes the parties more towards the center, Kousser argues. Without the Electoral College, he says candidates would try to “run up the score” and collect as many votes as possible in more populous states like California and Texas that tend to be more politically polarized. 3703

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- As many San Diego business owners fold due to coronavirus pandemic pressures, a few brave entrepreneurs are launching their businesses now, including a Pacific Beach couple that turned their passion for plants into a "blooming" business.It was the sign of the times for boxing instructor Cody Warden -- COVID-19 made him jobless."I was laid off during that time," Warden said. "It was not legal for me to teach boxing."His girlfriend, Tammy Nguyen, a social media content manager, was also now working out of their Pacific Beach home. But when the couple looked around, all they saw was joy."We were getting all these houseplants in our house, and it was filling this void if you will," Warden said. "It brought us companionship in a time when it was really difficult to see your friends or family."So they took a leap of faith last month, and decided to turn their passion into a business. They launched IvyMay & Co., an online houseplant curating company that offers tips and free, contact-less delivery anywhere in San Diego County."Plants are a form of therapy for people who might be depressed during this time, and being able to take care of these plants and seeing them grow gave a lot of people happiness," Nguyen said.Science backs this up. A 2015 study published in the Journal of Physiological Anthropology looked at the psychological responses of young adults to a computer task, versus an indoor plant-related task. Researchers found that people who interacted with plants had significantly lower blood pressure, as well as physiological and psychological stress.Although Warden and Nguyen cannot see their customer's smiles underneath the masks, they can hear it in their voices when they deliver. They say it reassures them that starting a business that brings joy during the pandemic was the right thing to do."If I could keep a house plant alive, you can too!" Warden laughed. "There's no such thing as a green thumb. Basic things, learn how to read your plant, and listen to what it's telling you."As the business grows, Warden and Nguyen hope to partner with local artists who can create unique pots for their plants. 2164

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Caltrans announced Friday a list of roads that recently received funding in San Diego.More than 50 projects were allocated funds that, according to the agency, will bring goods to market faster, provide additional funding for investments that counties have made and help with traffic.Some of the funding is going toward projects like "intelligent transportation systems" and rail line safety enhancements.  439

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — City council leaders unanimously approved a reform to allow local churches to build affordable housing in parking lots.The plan will allow churches and other religious institutions to choose to build affordable housing units in their parking lots to utilize large areas of the property that may go typically unused during the majority of the week.Previously, the institutions were required to offer a certain amount of parking spaces based on the location's capacity.The approval is part of a series of housing reforms the city hopes spark new affordable housing opportunities. City leaders are optimistic the moves will increase local housing supply, attract new construction, and lower costs in the long run.RELATED: Protesters air grievances in an end-of-year 'Festivus' at City Hall“There are so many religious leaders who want to know what they can do as we face a statewide housing crisis that is putting the squeeze on working families,” Mayor Faulconer said in a release. “We have people in need and people who want to help so giving churches the opportunity to build affordable housing on underutilized parking lots makes all the sense in the world.”The idea has been gaining steam since last Spring. The group UPLIFT San Diego led the effort dubbed YIGBY, or "Yes in God's Back Yard.""There are 1,100 churches in San Diego County with over 3,000 acres of property," UPLIFT leader Tom Theisen told 10News in June. "If just 10 percent of those churches, 100 churches, were to build 20-30 units each, we're talking thousands of units of housing."RELATED: Abandoned church in San Ysidro to be turned into affordable housingFollowing Tuesday's announcement, pastor Gerald Brown echoed UPLIFT's sentiment.“Churches in our community want to be a part of the solution when it comes to the housing crisis,” Brown said. “This important reform allows us to continue serving our communities in the best way possible, while providing the affordable housing that is so desperately needed.”City leaders also changed municipal code to allow continuing care retirement communities in zones that currently allow multifamily housing and as a conditional use in single family residential zones. The reforms also removed a requirement of an additional permit for multifamily residential developments that involves arranging to allow underground parking. 2369

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