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NILES, IL — Most would agree 2020 has been a tough year. For one custom toymaker, though, it has been fueling his niche business. Part Santa’s elf, part satirist and a kid at heart, Dan Polydoris' home in Niles, Illinois is a shrine to toys.But for the avid toy collector, it wasn’t enough to just collect. A decade ago, he decided to create.“Most of the time, for figures, I start with some kind of existing figure,” he explained. “I have parts upon parts.”Death by Toys was born out of that need. But his re-purposed action figures and throwback novelties aren’t just toys, they’re often imbued with scathing social commentary.“I like a good jab at a fragile male ego as much as I love just a forklift driver who looks sexy or something like that,” said Polydoris.Everything is painstakingly made by hand. Nothing is mass-produced, which means everything is made in small batches or even as one-of-a-kind creations.Items like the limited edition "Karen" figure sell for 5. A package of air is sold as "100% Genuine Thoughts & Prayers."Last month after a fly landed on Mike Pence’s head during the vice-presidential debate, Polydoris offered up 50 "Mike Pence Head Fly" toys. They sold out almost immediately.“We're just all the worst. And we all were like, 'That fly is the hero we needed.’”In 2016, horror filmmaker Eli Roth gifted one of Polydoris’ Maniac-inspired bloody scalps to writer Stephen King.His toy-making handiwork has even been featured on The Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon.“I will say the generally positive response to the garbage that I make has been surprising and has been a pleasure and a nice little treat," the toy maker said.But Polydoris says it’s not the mass appeal he’s interested in and he knows his edgy brand of "art" may not be for everyone.“The truth is anything that has a point of view will have someone that doesn't like that,” he said. “So, that's just the deal.”Still, in a year like 2020 where his bestselling items include the coronavirus and a garbage fire, Polydoris says his custom collectibles may just be the brand of humor we all need right now.“Someone who might have at the beginning of the year been like, ‘No thank you,’ but now, after a year of living alone and growing a beard down to here, you know we're all kind of pushed to the edge a little bit. So, I think that that kind of stuff speaks to all of us right now.” 2392

NEW YORK — In a blistering rebuke of President Donald Trump, Gov. Andrew Cuomo called the sitting president the worst "in history" from a New York vantage point after a report emerged that the president signed a memo ordering the federal government to begin the process of defunding New York City and other cities where protests have broken out and crime has increased.Federal agencies were told by the administration to send reports to the White House Office of Management and Budget to details funds that can be redirected away from New York City; Washington, D.C.; Seattle and Portland, the New York Post reported."President Trump has actively sought to punish NYC since day one," Cuomo said in a tweet. "He let COVID ambush New York. He refuses to provide funds that states and cities MUST receive to recover. He is not a king. He cannot 'defund' NYC. It's an illegal stunt."New York City gets more than billion annually from the federal government, according to a 2017 report from city's comptroller.Cuomo, in a Wednesday night conference call, said it was personal for Trump."New York City rejected him — always," Cuomo said. "He was dismissed as a clown in New York City."He said the Trump administration has done everything in their power to hurt New York City, citing a lack of funding or action for the Second Avenue Subway, the LaGuardia AirTrain, congestion pricing and, of course, the coronavirus pandemic."The best thing he did for New York City was leave," Cuomo said. "Good riddance."This comes at the same time as Congress squabbles over providing financial assistance to state and local governments in a coronavirus relief bill. The city government is currently dealing with a budget shortfall that could result in the dismissal of 22,000 municipal workers.In addition to condemnation from Albany, City Hall criticized the president's actions."As much as Donald Trump wants New York City to drop dead, we will never let this stand," a spokesperson for Mayor Bill de Blasio said. "This has nothing to do with 'law and order.' This is a racist campaign stunt out of the Oval Office to attack millions of people of color."In March, Trump threatened to withhold law enforcement grants from New York, and other sanctuary cities like it. At the time, Mayor de Blasio warned the cut would affect budgets for law enforcement and other first responders. Now, with the city reeling from the impacts of the coronavirus pandemic, that impact could be even worse.It's a threat that dates back to 2016. At the time, the first page of Trump’s “100 -day action plan to Make America Great Again” said Trump would cancel federal funding to sanctuary cities “to restore security and the constitutional rule of law.”A 2017 analysis from City Comptroller Scott Stringer found that about 10 percent of the money the city spends each year to keep residents healthy, safe and informed comes from the federal government.A request for comment has been left for the White House Office of Management and Budget.While it's likely that the president's memo will lead to a complex legal discussion, Cuomo was more succinct."President Ford said 'drop dead,'" Cuomo said of the infamous Daily News front page from 1975. "President Trump has actively been trying to kill New York City ever since he's been elected."This article was written by Corey Crockett and Aliza Chasan for WPIX. 3381

NEW YORK — There are 50.7 million children in school in the United States, and the majority of them are non-white, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. Still, because of a centuries-long history of white dominance in American culture, as well as the outsize influence of certain states over American education overall, the takeaway for many students is overly simple, and dangerously racist, according to some prominent historians.In fact, "The Story of the White Man," is not only a longstanding narrative in U.S. history texts, but they're also the first six words of a widely-used history textbook from the 1930s, according to Harvard University historian Donald Yacovone.Yacovone came across it as part of his research for his upcoming book, "Teaching White Supremacy: The Textbook Battle Over Race in American History." The professor at Harvard's Hutchins Center for African & African American Study and Research ended up reading some 3,000 textbooks from the 1830s to the 1980s as part of his research.He said that at least one thing was evident throughout his readings."If you leave people out of a narrative, they suddenly become invisible," Yacovone said.People of African descent, Yacovone said, have been largely left out of historical narratives for much of U.S. history.Even as recently as 2015, a high school textbook's omission of key details about African American history cast light on a shortcoming of history writing.A mother in Texas, Roni Burren, posted a video on Facebook of her reading a caption from a map in her son's 10th-grade textbook."Under this section, called 'Patterns of Immigration,'" Burren said while holding the book, "World Geography," to the camera, and reading from the text, "'The Atlantic slave trade from the 1500s to the 1800s brought millions of workers from Africa to the southern United States to work on agricultural plantations.' So it is now considered immigration," Burren said, clearly appalled.The video was viewed millions of times, and ultimately publisher McGraw Hill made a very public apology and revised the text.However, oversights like that, in a country where a majority of people only get a kindergarten through 12th-grade education, inform a strong message that most Americans receive about our country, according to Yacavone. "That whiteness is what matters," he said.One reason for that may be the process in which textbooks, and lesson plans connected to them, are created and distributed.Major publishers, such as McGraw-Hill, Pearson, and Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, all have highly-promoted policies of countering racism and promoting diversity.That still doesn't mean that there can't be shortcomings, as the "World Geography" case makes clear.It's also part of a larger challenge involving inclusiveness and accuracy in school textbooks, as Carisa Lopez, political director of the Texas Freedom Network, an advocacy organization for education and other issues in the Lone Star State, explained."Because Texas is such a large state," she said in an interview, "other, smaller states are forced to purchase textbooks that have to adhere to Texas standards."Texas and California have more K through 12 students than any other U.S. states. California's state textbook curricula standards tend to be more focused on California-specific history and subjects.Texas's standards, by contrast, tend to be more general. However, the state board of education, which approves or disapproves textbook content, is not made up exclusively of educators. Politicians, religious leaders, and others have served.As a result, said Lopez, "Too often what students learn is based on distortions, myths and just plain politics and personal biases."Another issue is instruction."They're still relegating history classes to gym teachers," Yacovone said.Some research bears that out. Analysis by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences found that of all school subjects, history has the highest rate of teachers who didn't major or get certified in it.Martha S. Jones, a historian at Johns Hopkins University, said that when it comes to issues like slavery, Jim Crow, and other topics involving African American history, "The number one question I get is, 'why didn't I learn this in school?'"Jones is among many scholars of African-American history who say that white supremacy is built into American education.A historical look here in New York supports their claim.Among the earliest American textbook writers was Noah Webster. The contemporary of the founding fathers published the new nation's first daily newspaper, from his office on Wall Street.Webster is certainly most famous for publishing Webster's Dictionary.Through it, and a spelling book that he published, Webster invented American English, differentiated from how British subjects speak and spell the language.As for his attitude toward people of African descent, Webster was clear, and his point of view influenced his textbooks as strongly as he influenced American culture."'For the woolly-haired Africans, who constitute the principal part of the inhabitants of Africa, there is no history,'" Webster said, as quoted by Yacovone."And that attitude," Yacovone continued, "was perpetuated in almost every single textbook, until the 1960s."One reason that it persisted, was a New Yorker named John Van Evrie, Yacovone said."I call him an evil genius of white supremacy," Yacovone said.From his office across the street from City Hall, Van Evrie published newspapers, pamphlets, books -- including a textbook -- all specifically arguing that Americans aren't black. Instead, Van Evrie wrote, America is white.It united the various European ethnic groups that comprised the majority of the American population in the 1800s, and in the process, it put African Americans in a position of non-citizenship in the eyes of many whites."His books were read in Congress," said Yacovone. "His books were read in state legislatures. It was impossible to escape him. Even Lincoln read Van Evrie."His work formed the foundation that American education and culture are built on, even though it's a false narrative."We must change our identity as Americans as white," Yacovone said. "We must change that to one of being multi-ethnic. It's much better."Martha S. Jones, the Johns Hopkins historian, supported that assessment."The example I'll offer," she said, "is that of our new Vice President-elect Kamala Harris.""We need to understand the history out of which she has emerged --- African American women's political history, the history of the discrimination against African American women in politics, and when it comes to voting rights," Jones said, "so that our students can be smart citizens in real-time."Classroom instruction is finally beginning to change, where a wider variety of Americans are now part of the history lesson.For example, the 1619 Project, the New York Times's detailed examination of how slavery has influenced American life, is now being taught in thousands of classrooms across the country.One organization using it as a classroom tool in the history of nonprofit Facing History and Ourselves.Its program director, Laura Tavares, laid out why non-textbook learning aids are vital to a full understanding of history and other classroom subjects."You can't teach what you don't know," Tavares said, "and 80% of teachers in the United States are white."One of the things that we understand about being white," she continued, "is that we are allowed to move through the world often with the lack of consciousness about race, with the lack of conversation about race, and racial identity."As for her organization, she said, "We create classroom resources. So that's lesson plans, unit guides, multimedia films, to teach in more equitable and inclusive and engaging ways."It's part of a new, evolving way to teach. Instead of using history textbooks, teachers are taking students -- and adults -- online, where getting the education narrative right is more important than ever, as Martha S. Jones pointed out."My students, this semester, have been editing and creating Wikipedia sites related to African American women," she told PIX11 News."We are making sure that folks who have questions about that when they come to a space like Wikipedia find not only good, accurate facts, but they find links to excellent secondary sources," Jones continued. "They might even find links to primary materials where they can read the history firsthand."Her students' Wikipedia entries include histories of such prominent African American figures as Frances Harper, Shirley Chisholm, Ida B. Wells, and Crystal Bird Fauset.Wikipedia has now formed a foundation that helps fund the writing of entries by scholars in an effort to ensure that Wikipedia is a teachable resource.Meanwhile, textbooks aren't going away. While there's no shortage of experts who say that racism in some of the latest textbooks persists, they also say that there's been an improvement over time."There still are problems, but they're much, much better," Yacovone said.Martha S. Jones pointed out that "there are very important, distinguished... African American scholars who now produce their own textbooks."Those books are starting to make a difference, by influencing how textbooks are written and produced generally, nationwide, like Tavares, from Facing History and Ourselves said."When there's demand from parents, perhaps, and communities, even textbooks can tell a more complete and inclusive story," she said.This story was first reported by James Ford at WPIX in New York, New York. 9611

NOBLESVILLE, Ind. -- Officers from the FBI, ATF, Indiana State Police and local departments searched the home of a Noblesville middle school student accused of shooting a teacher and classmate Friday morning.The shooting was reported shortly after 9 a.m. local time at Noblesville West Middle School in suburban Indianapolis. Officials said seventh grade teacher Jason Seaman and one of his students were shot when another student opened fire.Seaman and the student victim were transported to Indianapolis hospitals in critical condition. The suspected shooter was taken into custody.While the suspect has not yet been identified, investigators are already searching his Morse Reservoir home. Those investigators included local, state-level and federal officers, along with computer crimes specialists. 815

NEW YORK (AP) — Jeffrey Epstein’s former girlfriend has been denied bail and will remain behind bars on charges she recruited girls and women for the financier to sexually abuse more than two decades ago.British socialite Ghislaine Maxwell appeared in a video court hearing in Manhattan, where she pleaded not guilty.Maxwell, 58, has been held without bail since her July 2 arrest at her million-dollar New Hampshire estate.She was charged with recruiting at least three girls, one as young as 14, for Epstein to abuse between 1994 and 1997.An indictment alleged that she helped groom the victims to endure sexual abuse and was sometimes there when Epstein abused them.Epstein killed himself in August 2019 while awaiting sex trafficking charges. 754

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