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WASHINGTON, Dec. 7 (Xinhua) -- Drugs that affect the levels of an important brain protein involved in learning and memory reverse cellular changes in the brain seen during aging, according to an animal study published Wednesday in the Journal of Neuroscience. The findings could one day aid in the development of new drugs that enhance cognitive function in older adults.Aging-related memory loss is associated with the gradual deterioration of the structure and function of synapses (the connections between brain cells) in brain regions critical to learning and memory, such as the hippocampus.Recent studies suggested that histone acetylation, a chemical process that controls whether genes are turned on, affects this process. Specifically, it affects brain cells' ability to alter the strength and structure of their connections for information storage, a process known as synaptic plasticity, which is a cellular signature of memory.In the current study, Cui-Wei Xie, of the University of California, Los Angeles, and colleagues found that compared with younger rats, hippocampi from older rats have less brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) -- a protein that promotes synaptic plasticity -- and less histone acetylation of the Bdnf gene. By treating the hippocampal tissue from older animals with a drug that increased histone acetylation, they were able to restore BDNF production and synaptic plasticity to levels found in younger animals."These findings shed light on why synapses become less efficient and more vulnerable to impairment during aging," said Xie, who led the study. "Such knowledge could help develop new drugs for cognitive aging and aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease," she added.

XUZHOU, Dec. 13 (Xinhua) -- Three critically injured students died in hospital in east China's Jiangsu Province early Tuesday, the government said, bringing the toll of Monday's school bus overturn to 15.The accident was the third serious one involving a school bus in China in less than a month.At least eight other children are still hospitalized, a government spokesman of Fengxian County said, without elaborating on the conditions of their injuries.A bus carrying 29 students on their way home fell into a roadside ditch when the driver tried to avoid a pedicab in the rural areas of Fengxian at 5:50 p.m. on Monday.The bus belonged to a primary school in Shouxian township. The government said the bus, designed with a maximum carrying capacity of 52 persons, was not overloaded.Also on Monday, another school bus carrying 59 students was badly hit by a truck in the city of Foshan, Guangdong Province, injuring 37 students, Guangzhou Daily reported Tuesday. Seven of the injured had been hospitalized.The accidents occurred only a day after the State Council moved to strengthen school bus safety after a deadly crash killed 19 pupils about a month ago.The nine-seat school bus illegally carrying 64 people collided head-on with a coal truck in northwestern Gansu Province on Nov. 16, killing 19 preschoolers and two adults, and injuring 43 others.Schools are few in numbers in the vast and sparsely populated rural areas of China. School bus is a relatively new thing in some rural areas as for decades children from the countryside had been trekking on rugged countryroads on foot to attend school. But rural school buses varied on quality and safety.Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao had called on government departments to "rapidly" draft safety regulations and standards for school buses while further improving the design, production and distribution of the vehicles.

SYDNEY, Nov. 10 (Xinhua) -- Children with fat fathers are more likely to be obese by age of eight or nine than those with healthy weight fathers, a new study by researchers at Australia's University of Newcastle found on Thursday.Researchers at the University of Newcastle found that children who had an overweight or obese dad were four times more likely to follow in their father's footsteps than those with a dad in the healthy weight range.They also found in the study that only having an obese or overweight mum in the family did not have the same effect.Lead researcher Emily Freeman said it was still unknown why overweight dads had such a significant effect on their children's weights.The researchers conducted their study using data collected from 3000 Australian families between 2004 and 2008 for a longitudinal study.They looked at the weights of children when they were aged four to five and then again when they turned eight and nine years old.According to Freeman, around 25 percent of Australian children are overweight or obese.She said helping fat dads lose weight could make a difference to the youngsters.

XUZHOU, Dec. 13 (Xinhua) -- Three critically injured students died in hospital in east China's Jiangsu Province early Tuesday, the government said, bringing the toll of Monday's school bus overturn to 15.The accident was the third serious one involving a school bus in China in less than a month.At least eight other children are still hospitalized, a government spokesman of Fengxian County said, without elaborating on the conditions of their injuries.A bus carrying 29 students on their way home fell into a roadside ditch when the driver tried to avoid a pedicab in the rural areas of Fengxian at 5:50 p.m. on Monday.The bus belonged to a primary school in Shouxian township. The government said the bus, designed with a maximum carrying capacity of 52 persons, was not overloaded.Also on Monday, another school bus carrying 59 students was badly hit by a truck in the city of Foshan, Guangdong Province, injuring 37 students, Guangzhou Daily reported Tuesday. Seven of the injured had been hospitalized.The accidents occurred only a day after the State Council moved to strengthen school bus safety after a deadly crash killed 19 pupils about a month ago.The nine-seat school bus illegally carrying 64 people collided head-on with a coal truck in northwestern Gansu Province on Nov. 16, killing 19 preschoolers and two adults, and injuring 43 others.Schools are few in numbers in the vast and sparsely populated rural areas of China. School bus is a relatively new thing in some rural areas as for decades children from the countryside had been trekking on rugged countryroads on foot to attend school. But rural school buses varied on quality and safety.Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao had called on government departments to "rapidly" draft safety regulations and standards for school buses while further improving the design, production and distribution of the vehicles.

BEIJING, Jan. 6 (Xinhua) -- Surveillance data on the size and frequency of earthquakes in Antarctica collected by China's Great Wall Station show that the continent is not earthquake-free, a Chinese seismic expert said Thursday."China's newly-built seismic observatory in Great Wall Station has documented a hundred-odd earthquakes occurring in the region over the past year," said Chang Lijun, a member of China's 28th Antarctic expedition team.The discovery challenges the prevailing notion that the Antarctic has no earthquakes, as many earthquakes have gone undetected due to lack of seismological observation in the region.However, thanks to technological advances, scientists have discovered that the continent is still subject to some minor tremors.Chang, also an associate researcher at China Earthquake Administration's Geophysics Institute, said last year's earthquakes ranged in magnitude from 0.5 to 4, scales which are usually undetectable to common people.The tectonic movements of Antarctica, which sits on two plates that pulled away from each other in the northern Ross Sea between 28 and 40 million years ago, but later converged, fascinate geologists worldwide.At the end of 2010, Chinese scientists set up a new broadband seismic observatory in Great Wall Station, greatly increasing China's ability to measure tremors and tectonic movements on the continent.