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BEIJING, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) -- Chinese authorities broke up more than 1,800 dens that made or sold counterfeit drugs in cases that involved 3.35 billion yuan (530 million U.S. dollars) in a two-year crackdown, according to the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA).During the campaign, 13 government departments mobilized more than one million law enforcement workers to combat the sale of fake drugs via online advertising or consignment, seizing more than 5,000 kinds of illegal products, said SFDA deputy head Bian Zhenjia Thursday at a meeting.According to Bian, the action also targeted malpractice during the manufacturing process as well as selling non-pharmaceutical products as drugs.In the operation, authorities conducted more than 28,000 on-site inspections in medicine production factories and halted the production of 98 varieties of drugs, Bian said.However, Bian noted that problems still exist, including rampant illegal drug advertising and online sales of fake drugs, improper manufacturing practices and outdated laws and regulations concerning drug safety.Bian said the SFDA will continue to cooperate with other government departments and step up supervision and crackdowns on the online sale of fake drugs.

CAPE TOWN, Nov. 13 (Xinhua) -- The research vessel SA Agulhas has set off from Cape Town on a 10-day polar tour intended to promote dialogue on climate change, authorities confirmed on Sunday.The trip was designed to mark the 17th Climate Conference of the Parties (COP17) to be held in Durban later this month, according to the Department of Environmental Affairs.The voyage, which set off Saturday noon with scientists, academics, students and journalists aboard, would host exhibitions, symposiums and lectures from climate change scientists on the work of the polar research vessel, spokesman Zolile Nqayi said in a statement.The exhibitions and lectures would also highlight the various scientific activities undertaken by the department and its partners in Antarctica and the Southern Oceans, according to the South African Press Association (SAPA).Apart from her research and supply work, the Agulhus also helped to rescue the Magdalena Oldendorff, which became stuck in thick ice in June 2002.In December the SA Agulhas would make its final voyage to Antarctica before retirement.The Agulhas, which has been in service for 33 years, would be replaced by a new vessel under construction in Finland."She served us very well," said Dr Monde Mayekiso, deputy director general of oceans and coasts."The new vessel will have enhanced technologies and capabilities to further understand the ocean environment and to bring that understanding to an increasing number of South Africans, " he said.

SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) -- The United States Patent and Trademark Office on Thursday published a patent application from Apple related to face and presence detection for iOS devices, which is expected to be one of the next chapters for mobile security.According to AppleInsider, a news and rumor website focusing on Apple, the patent is entitled "low threshold face recognition" which is a low-computation solution for quickly and accurately recognizing a user on iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch and MacBook.Patently Apple, a blog focusing on Apple's latest intellectual properties, said that iOS devices would acknowledge the presence of the potential user by turning on the display and then trigger a subsequent process for recognizing the potential user's face.Currently, most face recognition systems tend to be robust ones working in various lighting conditions, orientations, scale and etc., which will require computing resources and drain battery life. There are also security-type face recognition systems working under controlled lighting conditions which could be ineffective due to factors like proximity of the user to the camera.Google's latest Android 4.0 operating system, codenamed Ice Cream Sandwich, already features face detection. But it is reported that the feature doesn't always work and can be bypassed by using a photograph of the phone's owner.Apple's solution would reduce the impact of lighting conditions and biometric distortions on an image, said AppleInsider, citing the filing. Apple said it would rely on a "high information portion" of a human face, such as eyes, mouth or the tip of a user 's nose.The "likely presence" of a human face in front of the camera would be captured through an "orange-distance filter" which would also be used to detect the potential user's skin tone and measure the distance of their face from the camera.Meanwhile, iOS devices could also be set to recognize faces of multiple users, presenting each user with a personalized configuration.According to AppleInsider, the patent application was first filed by Apple in June, 2009.Analysts said that the proposed technology could be Apple's next big innovation as it has record of redesign and give its unique appeal to products that have not caught on with the general public.

BERLIN, Jan. 17 (Xinhua) -- Researchers in Germany have found a cheap and easy way to synthesize anti-malaria drug in large quantities from waste materials, said the Max Planck Society on Tuesday.Currently there are nearly one million people die worldwide each year due to lack of effective drugs, as sweet wormwood, from which artemisinin, the effective essence to fight malaria can be extracted, only grows in China, Vietnam and a few other countries.However, researchers in Germany have now developed a simple process for the synthesis of artemisinin in laboratory, using artemisinic acid, a substance contained in the by-product, or waste materials of the isolation of artemisinin from sweet wormwoods, as row materials of synthesizing artemisinin."The production of the drug is therefore no longer dependent on obtaining the active ingredient from plants," said Peter Seeberger, director at the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces in Potsdam and professor at Free University of Berlin.The artemisinic acid in the waste material boasts a volume 10 times greater than the active ingredient itself, said Seeberger, and they could be turned into artemisinin in four and a half minutes in a so-called continuous-flow reactor.Seeberger estimated that 800 of the reactors would be enough to cover the global requirement for artemisinin, and the whole innovative synthesis process could be ready for technical use in three to six months.Malaria is a disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected mosquitoes. In 2010, malaria caused an estimated 655,000 deaths, mostly among African children.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 10 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has sent warning letters to more than 1,200 retailers, the majority of which respond to violations relating to selling tobacco to minors, as part of its ongoing effort to reduce tobacco use among children, the agency announced Thursday in a statement.The FDA said that while most retail establishments have been found to be in compliance with the law, some retailers are still selling cigarettes and smokeless tobacco to minors. Warning letters may be followed by civil money penalties if retailers continue to violate the law."It should worry every parent that 20 percent of U.S. high school students smoke cigarettes," said FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg in a statement. "President Obama and the FDA are committed to preventing children from smoking. For many young people, that first cigarette or use of smokeless tobacco will lead to a lifetime of addiction, and for many, serious disease. More than 80 percent of adult smokers begin smoking before 18 years of age. Retailers are vital partners in the FDA's efforts to prevent tobacco use among kids."Obama signed the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act that gives the FDA authority to regulate tobacco products to prevent use by minors and reduce the impact on public health. One of the law's provisions permits the FDA to contract with states and territories to conduct compliance check inspections of tobacco retailers. In 2011, the FDA awarded compliance contracts totaling more than 24 million U.S. dollars to 38 states.The FDA also began inspecting U.S. tobacco product manufacturers in October 2011. This is the first time tobacco product manufacturing facilities have ever been inspected by a federal public health agency.

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