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NAIROBI, Nov. 15 (Xinhua) -- The UN refugee agency said on Tuesday there has been an outbreak of cholera in Dadaab, the world's largest refugee camp in Kenya, which is believed to have started among new arrivals who had most likely acquired it in Somalia or en route to the camp.The UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) said the situation in Dadaab, home to Somalis fleeing famine and conflict, is being exacerbated by heavy rains and accompanying risks of waterborne diseases."Rains and flooding had affected the trucking of water to parts of the camps, and we fear some refugees resorted to using unsafe water from flooded areas," the UN refugee agency said in a statement released in Nairobi.According to UNHCR, there are now 60 cases in the camps, including 10 laboratory-confirmed cases and one refugee death. To manage the outbreak, UNHCR and partners have set up cholera treatment centres for severe cases, it said.The UN agency deplored insecurity which it said continues to affect aid efforts more than a month after the kidnapping of three aid workers in Kenya's Dadaab refugee complex.The UNHCR says insecurity is still hampering aid efforts in the area, despite the deployment of 100 Kenyan policemen in the last month.UNHCR is assisting them with vehicles, shelter and telecommunications equipment."Together with our partners, we are exploring options to gradually resume full operations despite continued security incidents in and around Dadaab. In the meantime, refugees are still receiving life-saving aid, namely food, water and health care," it said.According to the agency, most cases can be managed through oral rehydration solutions (ORS) that can be given at home or at the health posts."We are working with UNICEF and the Ministry of Health to train health workers in the community-based management of diarrhoea so that patients can begin treatment at home," it said.UNHCR said it has increased levels of chlorine, which kills cholera-causing bacteria, at water points in the camps. These, it said, are monitored to make sure they are maintained at the correct levels."We are also promoting hygiene practices among the refugees, especially the use of latrines and hand washing with soap. Each refugee received 250 grams of soap with the latest food distribution and this will continue monthly for several months," UNHCR said.Dadaab is home to more than 400,000 registered refugees, nearly all of them Somali, with an estimated 70,000 people having arrived in July and August as conditions in their homeland rapidly deteriorated.

BEIJING, Dec. 2 (Xinhua) -- China cannot use its 3.2 trillion U.S. dollars in foreign exchange reserves to rescue other countries, a senior diplomat said on Friday."The argument that China should rescue Europe does not stand, as reserves are not managed that way," Vice Foreign Minister Fu Ying said at the Lanting forum, a gathering of Chinese officials, scholars and social groups held by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to discuss international issues and foreign policy."China is not absent from international efforts to rescue Europe; it has been a positive and healthy participant," Fu said.Since the outbreak of the European financial crisis, China has dispatched more than 30 procurement delegations to Europe, helping to boost imports from the continent, Fu said.Fu added that there are many misunderstandings about the use of China's foreign reserves. "Foreign reserves are not domestic income or money that can be disposed of by the premier or finance minister," she said."Foreign reserves are akin to savings, and their liquidity should be ensured," Fu said."Foreign reserves are not revenue and cannot be relocated randomly. Under this circumstance, China should take the prospect of yields into consideration if it invests its foreign reserves," said Tian Dewen, an analyst at the Institute of European Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.However, the outlook for the economic situation in the eurozone is currently uncertain, Tian said.Fu said China learned a lesson about the importance of foreign reserves during the Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s. ' "Reserves cannot be used domestically to alleviate poverty or taken abroad for development support," she said.She said that the way in which foreign reserves are managed should be in line with the principles of "safety, liquidity and proper profitability.""China's purchases of European bonds, International Monetary Fund bonds and U.S. bonds are also based on those principles," Fu said.Fu also said that China has no intention to gain profit by leveraging financial instruments."China will make efforts to overcome the crisis with Europe and the international community in the future," Fu said."As for the current turbulence in European markets, an authoritative voice is necessary in restoring market confidence. However, voices are diversified in Europe due to its political framework," said Chen Xin, an analyst at the Institute of European Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.Fu also reviewed achievements made in trade and investment cooperation between the two sides."It is normal for Europe to strengthen its economic cooperation with China in the process of conquering its difficulties, although it is not proper to add negative political implications," Fu said.She urged Europe not to politicize China's foreign investments."Successful investment should be reciprocal. We hope our economic activities are not interpreted from a political prospective and are not imbued with political interests. We should follow market economy principles," Fu saidFu also took time to single out media reports about the crisis that she believes have been overtly political."Many European countries have shown their understanding and support for us, but there have also been some negative reports," Fu said."We should treat each other with a moderate and impartial mentality. That will make bilateral relations easier to handle," Fu said.She cited an investment bid by a Chinese company in Iceland that was turned down by the country's government.Zhongkun, a private Chinese real estate company founded in 1995, planned to buy 300 square km of land in Iceland to build a high-end resort with a total investment of 200 million U.S. dollars.However, Iceland's Interior Ministry rejected the bid, citing the size of the area of land involved and the fact that there is no precedent in Iceland for foreign countries to purchase large tracts of land.

VIENTIANE, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- Laos and China pledged on Monday to deepen military exchanges and cooperation, strengthen unity and friendship between the two countries'militaries and work together to maintain regional peace and stability.The vows came out of the meeting between the Lao Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of National Defense Douangchay Phichith, Lao Deputy Minister of National Defense Sanyahak Phomvihane and the visiting Deputy Chief of General Staff of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) Cai Yingting.Douangchay said the Lao side appreciates the Chinese side's long-term support and help which have contributed to the Lao social economic development and national defense building. The Lao Party, government and military attach great importance to developing relations with China, and are willing to make joint efforts with the Chinese side to further promote the two states and militaries' ties to a new level.Sanyahak said that no matter how changes in the international and regional situation, the solid traditional friendship between the two countries' people and militaries won't change. Laos is willing to cooperate with China closely, deepen communication and cooperation between the two militaries, and constantly strengthen unity and friendship of the two sides.Cai said that China and Laos are friendly neighbors, the peoples of the two countries have forged a profound friendship since ancient times. In recent years, the bilateral ties continue to see a healthier and stabler development, especially after the two countries have established a comprehensive strategic and cooperative partnership.The Chinese side will continue to maintain close high-level contacts with Laos, enhance substantial cooperation, and strengthen friendly coordination, in order to contribute to the bilateral ties, and regional peace, stability and prosperity, Cai added.The Cai-led Chinese PLA delegation arrived in Lao's capital of Vientiane on Monday at the invitation of the Lao Ministry of National Defense, kicking off their friendly visit to Laos.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- A recent study found that low vitamin D levels are significantly more prevalent in obese children and are associated with risk factors for type 2 diabetes. This study was accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.High rates of vitamin D deficiency have been found in obese populations and past studies have linked low vitamin D levels to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. But the mechanisms by which obesity and its comorbidities are related to vitamin D deficiency are not fully known.This new study examined associations between vitamin D levels and dietary habits in obese children, and tested whether there were correlations between vitamin D levels and markers of abnormal glucose metabolism and blood pressure.In this study, researchers measured vitamin D levels, blood sugar levels, serum insulin, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure in 411 obese subjects and 87 control non-overweight subjects. Study participants were also asked to provide dietary information including daily intake of soda, juice and milk, average daily fruit and vegetable intake, and whether or not they routinely skipped breakfast. BMI is a measurement of body fat calculated from weight and height."Our study found that obese children with lower vitamin D levels had higher degrees of insulin resistance," said Micah Olson, of The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas and lead author of the study. "Although our study cannot prove causation, it does suggest that low vitamin D levels may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes.""Poor dietary habits such as skipping breakfast and increased soda and juice intake were associated with the lower vitamin D levels seen in obese children," said Olson. "Future studies are needed to determine the clinical significance of lower vitamin D levels in obese children ... and whether treatment with vitamin D can improve primary clinical endpoints such as insulin resistance. "

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