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LOS ANGELES, July 28 (Xinhua) -- Mainly due to rampant obesity, Americans' life expectancy is one-and-a-half-year shorter than that of Western Europeans on the average, according to a new study published on Thursday.But 40 years ago, Americans could expect to live slightly longer than Europeans, said the study jointly conducted by researchers from University of Southern California (USC), the Harvard School of Public Health and the RAND Corp., a non-profit think tank.In addition to Western Europeans, Americans also die younger than the residents of most other developed nations, according to the study appearing in the July issue of Social Science & Medicine.The life-expectancy disparity, which begins around the age of 50, stems from higher levels of middle-age obesity and obesity-related chronic diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes, said the study.In the first half of the last century, average life expectancy increased by saving more babies, said author Dana Goldman, director of the Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics at the USC."But now it is reduction in mortality among the elderly, rather than the young, that propels increases in life expectancy," he said. "The question is whether 'being American' is an independent mortality risk factor."If 50-year-old U.S. adults could be as healthy as Europeans, it could save Medicare and Medicaid 632 billion dollars by 2050, the study said.Though the transition to better health initially raises expenditures, the researchers estimate that by 2050 healthcare savings from health improvements among the middle age could total more than 1.1 trillion dollars."The international life expectancy gap appears much easier to explain than gaps within countries: there is no American-specific effect on longevity beyond differences in disease at age 50," said Darius Lakdawalla, an associate professor in the USC School of Policy, Planning and Development.

JIUQUAN, Gansu, Sept. 26 (Xinhua) -- Engineers are conducting the final preparations before launching China's first space laboratory module at the end of this week at a launch center in northwest China.The unmanned Tiangong-1 module was originally scheduled to be launched into low Earth orbit between Sept. 27 and 30. However, a weather forecast showing the arrival of a cold air mass at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center forced the launch to be rescheduled for Sept. 29 or 30, depending on weather and other factors."This is a significant test. We've never done such a thing before," said Lu Jinrong, the launch center's chief engineer.A full ground simulation was conducted on Sunday afternoon to ensure that the module and its Long March 2F carrier rocket are prepared for the actual launch.Cui Jijun, commander-in-chief of the launch site system and director of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, told Xinhua that they developed a new target spacecraft for the mission and made more than 170 technical improvements to the Long March 2F, China's manned orbital carrier rocket.Engineers have also made more than 100 updates at the launch site in order to make it compatible with the Tiangong-1, Cui added.The module will conduct docking experiments after entering orbit, which is the first step in China's space station program.Cui said the launch site has an updated computer center and command monitoring system and increased ability to adapt to changes in mission conditions, as well as the resources to handle both the launch and command duties. An integrated simulation training system for space launching has also been developed for the docking mission.The mission comes just one month after the Long March 2C rocket malfunctioned and failed to send an experimental satellite into orbit. The Tiangong-1 mission was subsequently rescheduled in order to allow engineers to sort out any problems that might occur during the launch.Cui said that engineers conducted a two-month comprehensive technical check on equipment at the launch site from March to May. The safety and reliability of all the instruments have been significantly improved."[The launch site] has the full conditions to conduct the Tiangong-1 mission," said Cui.The Tiangong-1 will remain in orbit for two years. During its mission, it will dock with China's Shenzhou-8, -9 and -10 spacecrafts.Unmanned docking procedures will be an essential step toward China achieving its goal of establishing a manned space station around 2020.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 24 (Xinhua) -- Online search engine Google Inc. has agreed to pay 500 million U.S. dollars to settle claims that it allowed online Canadian pharmacies to place advertisements targeting consumers in the United States, U.S. Justice Department announced Wednesday.The settlement, one of the largest ever in the United States, represents the gross revenue received by Google as a result of Canadian pharmacies advertising through Google's AdWords program, plus gross revenue made by Canadian pharmacies from their sales to U.S. consumers.The advertisements led to illegal imports of prescription drugs into the country, the Justice Department said.The shipment of prescription drugs from pharmacies outside the United States to customers in the United States typically violates the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and in the case of controlled prescription drugs, the Controlled Substances Act.Google was aware as early as 2003, that generally, it was illegal for pharmacies to ship controlled and non-controlled prescription drugs into the United States from Canada."The Department of Justice will continue to hold accountable companies who in their bid for profits violate federal law and put at risk the health and safety of American consumers," Deputy Attorney General James Cole said in a statement."This settlement ensures that Google will reform its improper advertising practices with regard to these pharmacies while paying one of the largest financial forfeiture penalties in history," he said.Google had previously set aside that amount for a possible settlement over its advertising practices, according to a regulatory filing in May.

BERLIN, June 8 (Xinhua) -- The deadly strain for the E. coli outbreak was found again on cucumbers, authorities of German state Saxony-Anhalt said on Wednesday. The strain O104 was found on the scraps of cucumbers in a dustbin in the eastern city of Magdeburg, said State Health Minister Holger Paech.The dustbin belongs to a family in which three members have been ill. Paech said. The father only suffered a slight stomach upset, while the mother was once treated at a hospital and is now released. Their daughter is suffering from hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), a serious complication from the infection of E. coli.However, experts were not clear about how the bacteria came to the cumbers, which have been in the dustbin for a week and a half."It is not clear and we are not able to determine how it reached there." Paech said.German authority first detected such bacteria from Spanish cucumbers on May 26, which has been overthrown by the laboratory tests in Hamburg last Tuesday.On Sunday, German State Lower Saxony issued a warning on bean sprouts as a possible source for the outbreak, which was proven to be negative on Monday.The German government has faced increasing criticism from abroad and at home for dealing with this crisis, as it has wrongly blamed the source of the infection for twice and there is a lack of coordination between different research institutes on the outbreak.John Dalli, European Union Health Commissioner, was quoted by local daily Die Welt saying "we have to rely on the experience and expertise across Europe, and even outside Europe."The Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin also called for a federal government representative to coordinate the various government agencies which are dealing with the crisis.A federal government representative could increase cooperation between ministries and reduce mixed messages from the government, said director Stefan Kaufmann.On the same day, Germany's national disease control center, the Robert Koch Institute, said the number of infection has shown an overall decreasing trend but it is still uncertain whether the decline is due to people staying away from vegetables or to the waning of the source of infection.Until Wednesday, 25 deaths have been reported while the infection cases have increased more than 2,600 in 12 countries around the world.

BEIJING, August 23 (Xinhuanet) -- In the U.S., the rate of injuries related to children and teens falling out of windows declined over a 19-year period, although not nearly as fast as in some cities with comprehensive prevention programs, researchers found.From 1990 to 2008, the overall rate of injuries in children and teens was 7.3 per 100,000 per year, going as high as 11.4 in 1992 and as low as 5.8 in 1999, according to Gary Smith, MD, DrPh, of the Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio, and colleagues.The annual rate of injuries fell slightly but significantly over the study period, driven entirely by a reduction of 0.426 cases per 100,000 per year in children up to age four, the researchers reported online ahead of the September issue of Pediatrics.That is much less than the reduction seen in previous studies of fall prevention programs in New York City and Boston, which achieved declines of up to 96 percent during a 10-year period through education, increased access to window guards, and a mandate to use window guards in certain homes (only in New York City)."The slower decrease followed by a plateau in injury rates found in this study underscores the fact that prevention efforts of the magnitude undertaken in New York and Boston have not occurred nationwide," Smith and hiscolleagues wrote.The researchers also acknowledged that the study underestimated the number of injuries related to falling out of a window because it included only those children treated in emergency rooms. An additional limitation is that the case narratives often lacked details about the circumstances surrounding the injury, including any suicidal intent.