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As the COVID-19 pandemic progresses, researchers say it is important to track how the coronavirus mutates because it could affect the efficacy of a vaccine.Like all living cells, viruses evolve their chemical make-up changes. In viruses like the flu, that happens frequently, which is why every year there is a new vaccine to treat whatever strain is expected to circulate. With COVID-19, however, those mutations happen much slower, according to research out of Arizona State University.“One of the things we’re still keeping an eye on is the evolution of this virus because that virus is still around in the community,” said Dr. Efrem Lim, an assistant professor at ASU. “Everyone is coming in blind to this. This is a novel virus. This isn’t something we have seen before.”In March, Arizona State University played host to our country’s fourth COVID-19 case. As soon as it was detected, Dr. Lim started studying how the virus mutates and sent his findings to the World Health Organization. It's something that still continues to this day.“This virus, overall, mutates pretty slowly, which is a good thing,” said Dr. Lim. “However, we can have instances where the virus can have very large, dramatic, mutations, such as deletions in the genome.”While rare, Dr. Lim says those mutations can be significant as it changes how the virus acts inside the body.Currently, scientists are focusing much of their efforts on identifying ways to eliminate the function of the spike protein in COVID-19, as it is the way the virus binds to our cells and infects them (spike proteins are the stalks that protrude from the center of the virus that make it so recognizable).“It is very good news that the virus is not changing rapidly,” said ASU virologist Dr. Brenda Hogue. “We will have to see over time, as the virus continues to circulate, as we put a vaccine into play, whether or not there will be any issues.”Dr. Lim says right now there does not appear to be any issues because the virus mutates slowly, but he adds it could adapt to a vaccine once one begins to circulate.He says more testing needs to be done to determine that, however. 2140
Authorities have now found two packages addressed to former Vice President Joe Biden that are similar in appearance and contain potential explosive devices that resemble the others sent earlier this week to prominent critics of President Donald Trump and CNN, a law enforcement official said Thursday.The two packages, discovered at Delaware postal facilities, were removed late Thursday morning, law enforcement officials said.Earlier Thursday, a suspicious package addressed to actor-director Robert De Niro was reported at the Manhattan building where his production company is based, and its marking and contents appear similar to the other pipe bomb packages, two law enforcement sources said.The FBI said Thursday morning that the three packages are "similar in appearance to the others."A manhunt is underway for the perpetrator behind the packages. Law enforcement authorities are treating the series of bombs as a domestic terror matter and are advising the public to remain vigilant.The motive is unknown, but the recipients are all prominent targets of right-wing criticism and, in many cases, of Trump himself. The package found at CNN's New York bureau in the Time Warner Center was addressed to former CIA Director John Brennan, city and local law enforcement officials said.Devices sent to former President Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, former Attorney General Eric Holder, California Democratic Rep. Maxine Waters and Democratic donor George Soros showed the presence of a sulfur substance, which could have exploded, a law enforcement official said.The devices are believed to be pipe bombs, inherently unstable, and at risk of being set off just by handling.The FBI's counterterrorism division is leading the investigation Thursday into the packages and the agency says it's possible additional packages were mailed to other locations.At the White House, Trump vowed Wednesday that "we will spare no resources or expense" to pursue the perpetrator. 1975

As teachers report to work this week at Georgia’s largest school district, the Gwinnett County Public Schools, 260 of them tested positive or reported exposure to the coronavirus, according to multiple reports.Officials told CNN that most of the cases were likely through community spread. "As of last Thursday, we had approximately 260 employees who had been excluded from work due to a positive case or contact with a case," GCPS spokeswoman Sloan Roach told CNN. "This number is fluid as we continue to have new reports and others who are returning to work," she added.The district plans to reopen August 12 after shutting down in March. Nearly 160,000 students attend classes in Gwinnett County.The area saw a rise in coronavirus cases in July, according to public health data. The state of Georgia has averaged over 3,000 new coronavirus cases per day in the month of July."Given the number of COVID cases in Gwinnett we would expect to see positives among our employees based on the community spread in our county," Roach told CNN. 1045
As the world sputters amid a global coronavirus pandemic that may have originated from bats in China, researchers released a study on Monday indicating that pigs could transmit a pandemic-level flu strain to humans.The Chinese and British based researchers, who published their findings in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on Monday, said that G4 EA H1N1 viruses in pigs should be closely monitored in human populations, especially among workers in the swine industry.The researchers said that pigs are intermediate hosts for the strain of influenza, which researchers are concerned could spread to humans. A further concern is that humans could spread the virus to other humans, prompting a pandemic. While the study notes that the virus had spread to workers in the swine industry, it likely has not been transmitted from humans to humans.“G4 viruses have all the essential hallmarks of a candidate pandemic virus,” the team of UK researchers wrote.The researchers said G4 viruses bind to human-type receptors, produce much higher progeny virus in human airway epithelial cells, and show efficient infectivity and aerosol transmission in ferrets.While the study indicates cause for some concern, Martha Nelson, an evolutionary biologist at the U.S. National Institutes of Health’s Fogarty International Center, told Science Magazine the chances of a pandemic from G4 viruses are “low,” but added that no one knew the pandemic risk of H1N1 until 2009.“Influenza can surprise us,” Nelson told Science. “And there’s a risk that we neglect influenza and other threats at this time” of COVID-19.Nelson added to Science that given the warning, it would be ideal to produce a human G4 vaccine as the world still needs to be vigilant on other pandemics besides COVID-19.Domestically, the University of Missouri reviewed the research. 1855
As President Donald Trump’s chances of re-election are sagging on Wednesday, the president declared himself a winner in the presidential election on Wednesday despite projections showing he is trailing Joe Biden in the Electoral College.As of Wednesday evening, Biden holds a 248-214 advantage in the Electoral College. Biden also holds an advantage in Michigan, Arizona, and Nevada. If Biden hangs on and wins those states, he’ll have a projected 270 Electoral College, which is exactly the number needed to win.Twitter has recently updated its policy regarding misinformation involving the election, and as of 2 p.m. ET Thursday, Trump had his Twitter account flagged eight times for misinformation. 709
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