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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In their push to reopen schools, some political supporters of President Donald Trump have cited COVID-19 research from a group of San Diego scientists, claiming it’s evidence we could be close to herd immunity from the virus.But one of the authors of that research says that conclusion is way off.One of the most prominent supporters of the herd immunity conjecture is Dr. Scott Atlas, a neuroradiologist and senior fellow at Stanford University’s Hoover Institution who became an adviser to President Trump this month.“There’s a pretty good chance that herd immunity requires way less infections because of existing immunity out there,” Atlas said in a livestream conversation with San Diego County Supervisor Jim Desmond. “It actually may have already been reached in places like New York. We don’t know, but it’s possible.”Herd immunity is the level of protection needed to effectively stop the virus from circulating, thought to be about 70 percent of the population. The “existing immunity” to which Atlas is referring has to do with T cells.“It's just a misunderstanding of the science,” said Dr. Shane Crotty, a virologist at the La Jolla Institute for Immunology who co-authored the groundbreaking research on T cells in June.Crotty and his colleagues found that 50 percent of people unexposed to the novel coronavirus had T cells that could recognize it. Scientists refer to this as cross-reactive T cells, and the study was replicated in other countries.Proponents of the herd immunity theory take the number of people infected with the coronavirus, add the number of people with T cells that can recognize the virus, and come up with a number around the herd immunity threshold of 70 percent. But the math doesn’t work that way, according to Crotty, in part because T cells only kick in once a virus has hijacked cells, meaning T cells alone can't stop a pathogen in its tracks.“We’re not saying those 50 percent of people have protection like they’ve already had the virus,” Crotty said. “We’re saying those 50 percent of people have a head start in responding to the virus, which is a good thing but doesn’t affect herd immunity.”Since the novel coronavirus is a new pathogen, scientists did not expect people would have tools in their immune system capable of recognizing it. Unexposed people do not have cross-reactive antibodies, Crotty said.But in a study published this month in Science, Dr. Crotty and his colleagues offered a potential explanation for the surprising T cell results: they found these cross-reactive T cells also recognized four other coronavirus strains that cause common colds.Their theory: the T cells were created in response to other coronaviruses but can recognize SARS-CoV-2 like a distant relative.“It's a memory of a cousin,” Dr. Crotty said.That memory may speed up the body’s immune response, which can normally take about a week for an unknown pathogen, Crotty said. But scientists aren’t sure yet what role T cells actually play in clinical outcomes.“We have no data and and neither does anybody else as to whether these T cells really help or not,” Crotty said.To answer that question, scientists would need blood samples for lots of healthy people and then they would have to closely study individuals who got infected.The La Jolla Institute for Immunology is raising money for that kind of research, Crotty said, but they’re not there yet. 3417

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In lieu of traditional Dia de los Muertos events that invite San Diegans to honor their loved ones in-person, the county is hosting a virtual festival this year.San Diego County's Parks and Recreation Department will hold a virtual celebration from 1 p.m. to 3 p.m. on Sunday, Nov. 1. The online festival will feature dance performances, a cultural storytime, and an arts and crafts workshop:The festival will also include a tour of the Rancho Guajome Adobe, an authentic 1850s adobe hacienda located in Vista that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.The holiday originated thousands of years ago in Mesoamerica (Mexico and northern Central America). Dia de los Muertos is not a somber holiday. Rather than mourning, ancient Aztecs, Mayans, and Toltec celebrated and honored the dead by providing food, water, and tools to aid their journey into the afterlife. These are the days their souls were believed to return to earth, and altars were used to help them find their way home.Today, the ritual has grown beyond Mexico but continues as a show of appreciation for the joy our loved ones brought to our lives.During Dia de los Muertos, we honor those that passed away with colorful arts and crafts, foods, costumes, and parades. Offerings are often set around a brightly decorated altar, known as “offrendas,” which includes radiant marigold flowers, decorated “calaveras” (skulls), photos, desserts, and candles.Participants of today's festivities can pick up craft kits free of charge, though a donation is appreciated, from five county parks and community centers this weekend, including:Heritage County Park: 2454 Heritage Park Row, San Diego; Hours: 9 a.m. – 5 p.m. daily; Phone: 877-565-3600Rancho Guajome Adobe: 2210 N. Santa Fe Ave., Vista; Hours: (Visitor Center and Adobe): 9:30 a.m. – 4 p.m. Wednesdays through Sundays; Phone: 760-724-4082San Elijo Lagoon Ecological Reserve and Nature Center: 2710 Manchester Avenue, Cardiff-by-the-Sea; Hours: 9 a.m. – 5 p.m., daily; Phone: 760-634-3026Sweetwater Summit Regional Park: 3218 Summit Meadow Road, Bonita; Hours: 9:30 a.m. – sunset, daily; Phone: 619-472-7572Waterfront Park: 1600 Pacific Highway, San Diego; Hours: 8 a.m. – 6 p.m. daily; Phone: 619-232-7275Participants are encouraged to call ahead of time to make sure supplies are still available.Old Town San Diego is not holding its annual Dia de los Muertos events, but businesses in the area will display altars, art, and decorations to mark the day from Oct. 15 - Nov. 17.MORE VIRTUAL EVENTSCOVID-19 Altar de Muertos: In honor of Dia de Muertos and the nearly 900 San Diegans who have died due to COVID-19, San Diego County Supervisor Nathan Fletcher and Assemblywoman Lorena Gonzalez, D-San Diego, will hold a Day of the Dead ceremony Sunday at the County Administration Center."The COVID-19 Altar de Muertos is our way of remembering those we have lost to this horrible virus," said Fletcher, co-chair of the county's COVID-19 Subcommittee."It provides an opportunity to reflect on the effect COVID-19 has had on all communities, but we should be paying special attention to the disproportionate impact it has made on Black, Brown and other communities of color. Every death because of COVID counts. Every life lost to COVID matters. It is now time to rededicate ourselves to protecting one another by taking the actions needed to slow the spread," he said.The ceremony at 5:30 p.m. to dedicate the COVID-19 Altar de Muertos will be live streamed. Viewing locations will be on Fletcher's Facebook and Twitter, https://www.facebook.com/SupervisorFletcherSD/ and https://twitter.com/SupFletcher. 3661

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Local activists are accusing the city of San Diego of slow-playing their proposal to create an independent commission on police practices - to the point that it died.The measure would have created a board with subpoena power. And the ability to launch its own investigations.The board, which would have been called the Independent Commission Police Practices, would have addressed several of the concerns raised by the County Grand Jury about the city's Community Review Board.Those concerns include a lack of subpoena power, access to only some complaints, and an appearance some find too closely linked to the San Diego Police Department. Women Occupy San Diego's proposed an independent board that would have subpoena power."We would have independent investigators who would talk to the witnesses, who would look at all the documents, who would do the same things that (Internal Affairs) does," said Kate Yavenditti, a local attorney and one of the group's members.Women Occupy San Diego filed the measure in March, but earlier this month the City Attorney's said the San Diego Police Officers Association and the Municipal Employees Association needed to be consulted before it could go to the November ballot, due to a law called the Meyers Milias Brown Act.A city attorney memo said the the organizations needed to be conferred with because the measure could impact their working conditions.Yavenditti said she learned of this at a rules committee meeting on July 11, and the City Council didn't docket the issue until Monday, just less than two weeks before the Registrar of Voters deadline for the November ballot.It was too close, so the council voted not to move it forward."At this point, there's nothing we can do about it except talk about what we believe was a deliberate delay," Yavenditti said. A city spokeswoman said this measure was treated the same as all the others that were vying for the November ballot. Jack Schaeffer, president of the San Diego Police Officers Association, said he stood by the current Community Review Board. He noted it has trained experts doing investigations, they pick apart all the evidence and come to appropriate conclusions."It's almost like a big audit of what we’ve done as investigators," he said. "If you look nationwide, a few different ways to do police oversight and not one of them is really any better the other."Yavenditti said her group is now eyeing the proposal for the 2020 ballot. 2489

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In some of the most severe cases of COVID-19, doctors are finding it’s not the coronavirus making people critically ill.It’s their own immune system, and a San Diego-based biotech company thinks it has an answer.La Jolla-based INmune Bio announced Tuesday it has FDA approval to begin a Phase 2 clinical trial on its inflammation fighting drug, Quellor.In many of the sickest COVID patients, doctors have noticed their blood is filled with high levels of immune proteins called cytokines. Cytokines act as messengers between cells and the virus can cause them to go haywire, setting off what’s known as a cytokine storm.In a cytokine storm, the body’s immune system starts to attack its own cells and tissues rather than the virus. During the Spanish Flu of 1918, many of the deaths were caused by cytokine storms.“You need to control the cytokine storm to keep patients from getting sick,” said INmune Bio’s CEO Dr. R.J. Tesi.There are several different types of cytokines. A drug undergoing testing in a federal trial with remdesivir targets a cytokine called beta interferon.The San Diego biotech’s drug Quellor suppresses a very specific cytokine called soluble tumor necrosis factor, which Dr. Tesi calls “the master cytokine” because of its role in triggering other immune proteins.Dr. Tesi said this particular cytokine may contribute to another troubling issue with COVID-19: blood clotting.“When they write the history of COVID-19, the clots are going to be the bad guy,” Dr. Tesi said. “These blood clots go off everywhere and they gum up the works. They make it so the lungs can't work. They make it so the kidneys can't work. They make it so the heart is screwed up. Make it so you have strokes.”INmune Bio, which is publicly traded but has just six full-time employees, is hoping its drug can address both the blood clots and the inflammation.The company plans to enroll 366 hospitalized COVID-19 patients for a Phase 2 trial to see if intervention with Quellor can keep people off ventilators and out of the ICU. 2053

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - It’s more affordable to rent than buy a home in San Diego, according to a report released Thursday. The 2020 Rental Affordability Report consisting of census data compiled by ATTOM Data Solutions broke down the figures for counties nationwide. Although the price of owning a median-priced three-bedroom home was more affordable than renting in 53 percent of U.S. counties studied, renting was a better financial decision in highly populated suburban or urban areas. RELATED: San Diego expected to be California's hottest housing market in 2020, despite coolingIn counties with a population of more than one million people, including San Diego, renting was a more affordable option 84 percent of the time. Los Angeles County and the counties of Phoenix, Las Vegas, San Francisco, and Seattle were also included in the figure. San Diego made the list of major counties where rents consume the highest percentage of average wages. 1. Santa Cruz County: 82.1 percent2. Marin County: 75.3 percent3. Park County, CO (Denver): 74.3 percent4. Honolulu County, HI: 74.2 percent5. Kauai County, HI: 73.7 percent6. Kings County, NY (Brooklyn): 65.3 percent7. Orange County: 64.7 percent8. San Diego County: 59.6 percent9. Contra Costa County: 58.4 percent10. Queens County, NY: 57.4 percentSan Diego was also one of the counties where home prices rose faster than wages and wage growth outpaced rent growth. RELATED: Making It in San Diego: City may weigh 'vacancy tax' targeting empty homesRegions where buying is the best idea included Miami, Tampa, Detroit, Cleveland, and Pittsburgh. </noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display:none;"> </noscript> “Home ownership is a better deal than renting for the average wage earner in a slim majority of U.S. housing markets. However, there are distinct differences between different places, depending on the size and location from core metro areas,” said Todd Teta, chief product officer with ATTOM Data Solutions. “For sure, either buying or renting is a financial stretch or out of reach for individual wage earners throughout most of the country in the current climate. But with interest rates falling, owning a home can still be the more affordable option, even as prices keep rising.” RELATED: Making it in San Diego: Key saving steps helped renter buy her first homeThe report included 2019 and 2020 data from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and public record sales data from ATTOM Data Solutions. Read the full study here. 2585