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WASHINGTON, April 22 (Xinhua) -- The International Monetary Fund on Wednesday warned that the global economy was in "a severe recession" and the world output is projected to decline 1.3 percent this year, the deepest global recession since the Great Depression in 1930s.     "The global economy is in a severe recession inflicted by a massive financial crisis and acute loss of confidence," said the IMF in its latest World Economic Outlook report. "All corners of the globe are being affected." 　　EPICENTER OF CRISIS     According to the report, the world economy is projected to decline by 1.3 percent in 2009 as a whole and to recover only gradually in 2010, growing by 1.9 percent.     "Achieving this turnaround will depend on stepping up efforts to heal the financial sector, while continuing to support demand with monetary and fiscal easing," said the IMF.     The advanced economies experienced an unprecedented 7.5 percent decline in real GDP during the fourth quarter of 2008, and output is estimated to have continued to fall almost as fast during the first quarter of 2009, according to the report.     Although the U.S. economy may have suffered most from intensified financial strains and the continued fall in the housing sector, western Europe and advanced Asia have been hit hard by the collapse in global trade, as well as by rising financial problems of their own and housing corrections in some national markets.     Emerging economies are suffering badly and contracted 4 percent in the fourth quarter in the aggregate.     The United States, at the center of an intensifying global financial storm, will contract by 2.8 percent this year, said the IMF, adding that "the biggest financial crisis since the Great Depression has pushed the United States into a severe recession."     Meanwhile, the euro zone economy will shrink by 4.2 percent this year and fall a further 0.4 percent in 2010, the IMF said, criticizing the bloc for weak public policy responses and coordination.     In Japan, the IMF expects 2009 output to fall 6.2 percent, far worse than its January forecast for a 2.6 percent decline.     China is expected to slow to about 6.5 percent this year, half the 13 percent growth rate recorded pre-crisis in 2007 but still a strong performance given the global context, according to the IMF.     UNCERTAIN OUTLOOK     The IMF warned the financial crisis remains acute. "The financial market stabilization will take longer than previously envisaged, even with strong efforts by policymakers," it said.     Thus, financial strains in the mature markets are projected to remain heavy until well into 2010, and overall credit to the private sector in the advanced economies is expected to decline in both 2009 and 2010.     Meanwhile, emerging and developing economies are expected to face greatly curtailed access to external financing in both years.     In a semi-annual report Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR), which was released on Monday, the IMF said write-down on U.S.-originated assets to be suffered by all holders will be 2.7 trillion dollars, "largely as a result of the worsening base-case scenario for economic growth."     Total expected write-downs on global exposures are estimated at about 4 trillion dollars, of which two-thirds will fall on banks and the remainder on insurance companies, pension funds, hedge funds, and other intermediaries.     In the latest World Economic Outlook report, the IMF warned that the current outlook is exceptionally uncertain, with risks weighed to the downside.     The crisis has hurt international trade, with volume expected to plunge 11 percent this year before eking out 0.6 percent growth in 2010.     Consumer prices in developed countries were under pressure and would fall 0.2 percent in 2009.     "Even once the crisis is over, there will be a difficult transition period, with output growth appreciably below rates seen in the recent past," said the IMF.     BOLD POLICY     The IMF called for its members to take new bold policy stimulus to jump-start their economies.     "This difficult and uncertain outlook argues for forceful action on both the financial and macroeconomic policy fronts," said the IMF.     Past episodes of financial crisis have shown that delays in tackling the underlying problem mean an even more protracted economic downturn and even greater costs, both in terms of taxpayer money and economic activity.     "Policymakers must be mindful of the cross-border ramifications of policy choices," said the IMF. "Initiatives that support trade and financial partners will help support global demand, with shared benefits."     In advanced economies, scope for easing monetary policy further should be used aggressively to counter deflation risks.     Although policy rates are already near the zero floor in many countries, whatever policy room remains should be used quickly, according to the IMF.     Emerging economies also need to ease monetary conditions to respond to the deteriorating outlook.     However, in many of those economies, the task of central banks is further complicated by the need to sustain external stability in the face of highly fragile financing flows, the IMF warned.     The 185-member organization also warned against the rising protectionism.     "Greater international cooperation is needed to avoid exacerbating cross-border strains," said the IMF. "Coordination and collaboration is particularly important with respect to financial policies to avoid adverse international spillovers from national actions."     "A slide toward trade and financial protectionism would be hugely damaging to all, a clear warning from the experience of 1930s beggar-thy-neighbor policies," it warned.

BEICHUAN, Sichuan, May 10 (Xinhua) -- The quake-devastated Beichuan county seat in southwest China's Sichuan Province reopened Sunday to residents to mourn the dead ahead of the first anniversary of the disaster.     Some 21,000 people, or two-thirds of the county seat's population, were dead or missing in the 8.0-magnitude earthquake on May 12 last year, making the county the worst hit in the quake.     The county will be open for four days till Wednesday.     Mourners brought flowers, incense and candles and set off firecrackers in the ruins of former bus stations, county government buildings and homes. The police distributed bottled water to the crowd for free. A mother mourns for her child who was only 67 days old when killed in last year's May 12 earthquake in Beichuan, the hardest-hit area in the disaster, in southwest China's Sichuan Province, on May 10, 2009. Parents who lost their children came back to Beichuan as the first anniversary of the disaster approaches"I come here today to tell my mom that dad, sister and I will live a better life. I miss her and I will often come to see her," said Zheng Chengrong, a student who returned from a vocational college in Mianyang City and dedicated flowers to her mother.     Zheng's younger sister studies at Beichuan Middle School, where more than 1,000 students were dead or missing in the quake. Construction of the new school will begin on May 12.     "I wish my sister can study hard to enter the senior high school. My mom would be very happy then if she knew that," Zheng said.     Cheng Piyi and Huang Guiqiong, a couple who lost their daughter, brought their 16-month son to Beichuan. A mother mourns for her child who was killed in last year's May 12 earthquake in Beichuan, a hardest-hit area in the disaster, in southwest China's Sichuan Province, on May 10, 2009. Parents who lost their children came back to Beichuan as the first anniversary of the disaster approaches."We wish she could see the flowers," Cheng said. "When our son grows up, we will tell him that he had a sister who liked him very much."     The town has been closed since May 20 last year. It reopened to former residents during Qingming, or tomb-sweeping day, in April.     A new county seat will be built 23 km from the former one. The new town is expected to have 58,000 residents in 2010 and 110,000 in 2020.

BEIJING, May 23 (Xinhua) -- China unveiled Saturday credit rating standards for the sovereignty entity of a central government, the first sovereign credit rating standards in China, aiming broader participation in global credit rating.     The standards were announced by Dagong Global Credit Rating Co., Ltd, one of the first domestic rating agencies in China.     The sovereign credit rating standards would be able to evaluate the willingness and ability of a central government to repay its commercial financial debts as stipulated in contracts, said the company.     The rating results could reflect the relative possibility of a central government to default as a debtor, and the rating is based on the country's overall credit value, according to Dagong.     Elements of credit risks will include the country's political environment, economic power, fiscal status, foreign debt and liquidity, said the company, adding that it judges the credit of a sovereign entity on the basis of a comprehensive evaluation of its fiscal strength and foreign reserves.     Compared with other rating agencies, Dagong pays more attention to the different economic stage of each country, and examines the features of its credit risks in a holistic and systematic view, according to Dagong.     Jiang Yong, director of the Center for Economic Security Studies under the China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations, said the financial crisis exposed a risk of the international society relying solely on the credit rating institutions of a single country, which is the largest risk of the world economy.     Luo Ping, head of the training center under China Banking Regulatory Commission, said the launch of the sovereign credit rating standards would help improve the transparency of credit rating information, and would strengthen China's position in the international financial arena.

BRATISLAVA, June 18 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao and his Slovakian counterpart Ivan Gasparovic held talks here on Thursday and they agreed to take the 60th anniversary of diplomatic ties as an opportunity to consolidate their traditional friendship and enrich the contents of cooperation.     Speaking highly of the longstanding friendship between the two countries, Hu noted in particular the substantial development of bilateral relations since the Central European country gained independence 16 years ago.     Expressing satisfaction at the state of bilateral ties, Hu said there are no outstanding issues left over by history or conflict of interests between China and Slovakia, Hu said. It is the shared goal of the two countries to expand consensus and deepen cooperation, he added. Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao (L) meets with Slovakian President Ivan Gasparovic for talks in Bratislava, capital of Slovakia June 18, 2009"This is in the fundamental interests of the two countries and the two peoples," Hu said. He made a four-point proposal for the further development of bilateral ties.     Firstly, the traditional friendship should be consolidated and bilateral mutual political trust be enhanced, Hu said.     The frequent contacts between leaders of the two countries is important to the development of bilateral ties and the Chinese side welcomes President Gasparovic to visit China again. The two sides should also promote exchanges and cooperation between the two governments, legislative bodies and political parties so as to consolidate the political foundation of bilateral relations. Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao (R, front), accompanied by Slovakian President Ivan Gasparovic, inspect the honor guard during a welcoming ceremony in Bratislava, capital of Slovakia June 18, 2009.Second, both side should enhance economic and trade cooperation and join efforts to cope with the ongoing financial crisis, Hu said, adding that this is the focus of bilateral cooperation at present.     They should expand trade links and achieve a balanced growth in two-way trade, increase mutual investments, expand areas of cooperation and oppose protectionism.     Different forms of cooperation should be encouraged in such fields as infrastructural construction, new energy, agriculture and environmental protection. Chinese President Hu Jintao (L) and Slovakian President Ivan Gasparovic meet with journalists after their talks in Bratislava, capital of Slovakia June 18, 2009In responding to the impact of the international financial crisis, the two countries should also strengthen communication, share experiences and push for the reform of international financial systems.     Third, cultural exchanges and cooperation should be expanded with more substance and the two sides should learn from each other for common development, he said.     Fourth, there should be strengthened coordination and consultation between the two countries in international and regional organizations such as the United Nations, as well as closer multilateral cooperation in efforts to make joint contributions to world peace and stability, he said.     Agreeing entirely with Hu's views, Gasparovic said the Chinese president's visit is of great significance to promoting bilateral cooperation in various fields and friendly relations between the two countries. Chinese President Hu Jintao and Slovakian President Ivan Gasparovic meet with journalists after their talks in Bratislava, capital of Slovakia June 18, 2009Slovakia will continue to adhere to the one-China policy, he said.     Only through concered efforts of all countries in the world could the crisis be tackled in an effective way.     The Slovakian president said his country welcomes more investments from China and is ready to promote reciprocal cooperation in the fields of science and technology, energy, new energy, infrastructure, machinery, tourism and agriculture.     Hu, currently on a three-nation tour, arrived here earlier in the day after concluding a state visit to Russia. He will also visit Croatia.     Earlier this week, the Chinese president attended the annual summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and a meeting of the BRIC countries -- Brazil, Russia, India and China, in the Russian city of Yekaterinburg. 

BEIJING, May 17 (Xinhua) -- China's power consumption declined 3.63 percent year on year in April, larger than the 2.01 percent decrease rate in March, the China Securities News quoted figures from the China Electricity Council (CEC) Friday.     A total of 275.67 billion kilowatt hours of electricity were used in April. The figure for the first four months was 1.06 trillion kilowatt hours, down 4.03 percent from the same period a year ago.     Analysts said the extending decline indicated a soft footing in economic recovery. It is normal that power output and consumption have ups and downs in the process of economic revival.     From January to April, power used by the agriculture and tertiary sectors went up 4.69 percent and 9.04 percent. And that for industrial sector slipped 8.29 percent.     The National Bureau of Statistic (NBS) said on May 13 that power generation fell 3.5 percent last month from a year earlier, to 271.29 billion kilowatt hours. The industrial output rose 7.3 percent in the same month.     Since the industrial sector consumes about 70 percent of China's power, some economists questioned whether a rise in industrial production could be accompanied by a decline in power consumption.     Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the Development Research Center of the State Council, a government think-tank, told Xinhua that when looking at the decline in industrial power use, it was important to remember that industrial upgrading was still in progress. The decline of electricity consumption by heavy industry, which accounts for 82 percent of total industrial power consumption, was the leading cause for the overall decline.     According to CEC data, power consumed by the heavy industry was down 8.62 percent in the first four months, and that for the light industry sank 6.76 percent.     Analyst expected that power use in May would fall slower than the previous month, as the rebounding electrolytic aluminum and iron and steel industries would use more electricity in the coming months.

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