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China will contribute about 10 billion yuan (.4 billion) to the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project, construction of which will begin in France this year.The figure represents about 10 percent of the project's cost.About half of China's contribution will be spent during the 10-year construction phase of the multination undertaking, sources at the Oriental Science and Technology Forum, held in Shanghai last weekend, said."The goal of the project is to find a shortcut to solve our energy shortage," Luo Delong, deputy director of the ITER China Office, told the forum.He said Chinese researchers will be in charge of building components such as heating, diagnostic and remote maintenance equipment, as well as transporting it to Cadarache in the south of France, where the ITER reactor will be built.ITER, which means "the way" in Latin, is an 11-billion-euro (.5 billion) experiment to study the scientific and technical feasibility of the world's most advanced nuclear fusion reactor. The device is described as an "artificial sun" as it will create conditions similar to those occurring in solar nuclear fusion reactions.If successful, the project could generate infinite, safe and clean energy to replace fossil fuels such as oil and coal, and will be 30 times more powerful than the Joint European Torus (JET), the largest comparable experiment.The ITER project was first initiated by the United States and the then Soviet Union in the mid-1980s. Today, it involves the European Union (EU), the US, Japan, Russia, the Republic of Korea, China and India. China joined in February 2003.The ITER Agreement, signed in November 2006, came into effect last October and has an initial duration of 35 years, though it could be extended for an additional 10 years.Under the agreement, the EU will be responsible for half of the construction costs, while the other five parties excluding India, will contribute equally to cover the remaining expenses.Earlier reports said China would send 30 scientists to France during the construction phase. At the moment, more than a dozen scientists and managers are already working at Cadarache, and more will soon join them.Russia, France and Japan have all developed similar experimental fusion reactors.China became the first country to build a superconducting experimental Tokamak fusion device in September, after successfully completing a series of trials in Hefei, capital of Anhui Province. Despite this success, China still faces a shortage of talent in the field. Scientists and researchers have called for increased efforts to train more scientists to improve the nation's research capabilities.

China's Labour and Social Security Minister Tian Chengping urged the country to accelerate legislation over social insurance on Saturday.Addressing a national social security forum in Beijing, he said the country's social security work still lacks laws or high-level laws to go by.Gao Fengtao, deputy director of the legislative office of the State Council, said at the forum that the social insurance law is being drafted and will be submitted to the National People's Congress (NPC) for deliberation as soon as possible.A senior NPC official said earlier the NPC Standing Committee will deliberate the draft of social insurance law this year, noting a sound social insurance law is important to ensuing social stability.

The U.S. National Academy of Sciences announced on Tuesday the election of 72 new members and 18 foreign associates in recognition of their distinguished and continuing achievements in original research. The election was held this morning during the business session of the 144th annual meeting of the academy, and brought the organization's total number of active members to 2,025. Foreign associates are non-voting members of the academy. The 18 newly elected, from 12 different countries, brought the total number of foreign associates to 387. Two Chinese scientists, Zhang Qifa and Li Aizhen, were among the new foreign associates. Professor Zhang is the director of National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, in central China's Wuhan. Li is from the Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The U.S. National Academy of Sciences is a private organization of scientists and engineers dedicated to the advance of science and its use for the general welfare. It was established in 1863 by a congressional act signed by Abraham Lincoln. The act calls on the academy to act as an official adviser to the federal government, upon request, in any matter of science or technology

There is growing nationwide debate over whether there is sufficient early intervention help available for people contemplating suicide.According to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, some 287,000 people take their own lives every year in China.The Ministry of Health (MOH) puts the number at 25 out of every 100,000 people.In addition, the Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center has estimated that between 2.5 million and 3.5 million people every year attempt to end their lives.Among them is a growing number of well-to-do professionals, which sparked the latest round of debate.Last month, Yu Hong, a 50-year-old doctor and teacher at Renmin University of China, took his life by jumping from a 10-story building in Beijing."Giving up life means a kind of courage and self-respect for me, even if it is considered a negative choice," Yu wrote in a blog before his death.Nie Zhenwei, head of the psychological counseling center at Beijing Normal University, told China Daily yesterday that it was a "misconception" that well-educated people with more wealth and social status were able to better cope with the pressures of everyday life."Having strived for wealth and a successful career, some of these people have in turn accumulated a certain amount of mental pressure," he said.Ashamed of their fragile mental state, many vulnerable people turn to self-harm instead of seeking help, he said."People feel they have to follow that path because of the pressure of work, relationships or health issues," Nie said.Zhang Yanping, vice-chief of the research center at Beijing Huilongguan Hospital said research into the incidence of suicide in China goes back only as far as 2000, making it hard to identify emerging trends.He told the Guangzhou Daily that China needed to update its research to determine whether the suicide rate is increasing.People are not getting appropriate treatment for depression and other mental illnesses, he said.Nie said: "We need more mental health experts and society as a whole should provide more channels for people to deal with psychological crises".

BEIJING, March 11 (Xinhua) -- China has published a draft management regulation on lotteries and is asking for the public's opinions.     If officially issued, it would be the country's first national management regulation on lotteries since the country gave the green light to its lottery industry in 1987.     The solicitation of public opinion will last through March 28, and the regulation will be issued later this year. There is no fixed date so far.     "The regulation will enhance supervision of the fast-growing lottery industry and stamp out fraud, which has been on the rise since the country launched its first lottery two decades ago," said a report on the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council website.     Currently, China has a provisional regulation on the management of lottery distribution and sales. It was issued by the Ministry of Finance in 2002.     According to the proposed draft, carried by the website, no individual, organization or government department could sell lotteries without permission from the State Council. The China Welfare Lottery Administrative Center and the sports lottery administrative center of the China General Administration of Sport, both state-run, are the only two legitimate lottery outlets.     Public hearings will be held along with expert consultation before new lotteries are set up.     The draft requires lottery vendors to keep the identity of lottery winners confidential. It also demands transparency of money taken in and how it is spent on a regular basis.     Lottery funds should cover lottery prizes and management funding for lottery sellers. The rest, should be spent on the improvement of public welfare, according to the draft, quoting that a percentage of the revenue would be decided by State Council financial departments.     Individuals or government departments violating the regulation by selling lotteries unauthorized by the State Council would be fined and face criminal charges. Their illegal gains would be confiscated, it said.     Lotteries have generated huge economic and social returns in China over the past two decades. The country had issued 363 billion yuan (49 billion U.S. dollars) of lottery tickets through 2006. More than a third of the proceeds were spent on public welfare, such as the development of public sports facilities, education and health care for the handicapped.