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The Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine says it has a new use for its bioprinting system. In the past they've 3D printed normal-size organs and tissues in hopes of someday implanting them in patients.For the coronavirus, the lab is creating organs using human cells that can be as small as a pinhead. They're focusing on the organs most likely to be infected by the disease. like the lungs.“And so we've been playing with a number of agents to, on both prongs what can make it more infective, what can make it less infective to try to sort this out for the future,” Anthony Atala, director for the institute said.Atala says he hopes the system will help in testing drugs before they hit the market.Drug companies do extensive testing and clinical trials in people before releasing a new medication.Atala says sometimes those companies find no serious side effects, but then years later, discover that it's toxic to patients taking it. Atala says testing a drug using the bioprinting system can tell if a drug is toxic in weeks instead of after years on the market.“Even though we've used the tool extensively for toxicity testing, it's also a tool that can be used for screening,” Atala said. “So we can test agents that are currently being considered for testing against COVID and test the efficacy of the treatment on miniature human organs made up of normal cells”To be clear, Atala said drug tests on 3D printer organs are not meant to replace clinical trials in humans, be are an added step to better predict what will happen in those trials. 1567

The U.S. Postal Service on Tuesday said it could not meet a federal judge’s order to sweep processing centers for undelivered mail-in ballots, arguing that doing so would disrupt its Election Day operations. U.S. District Judge Emmet G. Sullivan of Washington, D.C., gave the agency until Tuesday afternoon to search 27 facilities in several battleground areas for outstanding ballots and send out those votes immediately. In its response, the Postal Service said it had already conducted rounds of morning checks at all its processing hubs. Further, the agency said it has been performing daily reviews of all 220 facilities handling election mail and planned another sweep hours before polling places closed Tuesday. 726

The Trump administration will impose more sanctions on Russia under a chemical and biological warfare law following the poisoning of a former Russian agent and his daughter in the UK earlier this year, the State Department announced Wednesday.In a statement Wednesday, State Department spokeswoman Heather Nauert said the US had made this decision on Monday, and accused Russia of violating international law. The statement anticipated the sanctions would go into effect around Aug. 22 in line with the Chemical and Biological Weapons Control and Warfare Elimination Act of 1991.Sergei Skripal, a former Russian spy, and his daughter Yulia Skripal were hospitalized and treated for a nerve-agent attack in March. Yulia Skripal was discharged from the hospital in April, and her father was discharged in May.The State Department notified Congress on Wednesday of the first of two potential tranches of sanctions required under the 1991 law. Unless Russia takes certain steps, a second set of penalties -- more stringent than this first round -- must follow, according to the law.The first set of sanctions targets certain items the US exports to Russia that could have military uses -- so-called dual use technologies. These are sensitive goods that normally would go through a case-by-case review before they are exported. With these sanctions, the exports will be presumptively denied.A senior State Department official said there would be carve-outs however.The US would then require Russia to assure over the next 90 days that it is no longer using chemical or biological weapons and will not do so in the future. Additionally, the criteria in the law call for Russia to allow on-site inspectors to ensure compliance.The official said that if Russia did not meet the demands, the US "will have to consider whether to impose a second tranche of sanctions as specified by the statute."The United Kingdom welcomed the move from the US on Wednesday. In a short statement, a government spokesperson said, "The strong international response to the use of a chemical weapon on the streets of Salisbury sends an unequivocal message to Russia that its provocative, reckless behaviour will not go unchallenged." 2212

The search for missing actress Naya Rivera at a California lake has moved from a rescue effort to a recovery effort, the Ventura County Sheriff's Office said Thursday.In a press release, the VCSO said that investigators believe that Rivera "drowned in what appears to be a tragic accident."The VCSO added that recovery efforts had been hampered because divers are experiencing low visibility in waters.Rivera was last seen on Wednesday at Lake Piru, which is located about 60 miles northwest of Los Angeles. According to Cpt. Eric Buschow of the VCSO, deputies were called to the lake when Rivera's 4-year-old son was found floating adrift in the boat.The child reportedly told deputies that he had been swimming with his mother, but she never returned to the boat.Rivera is best known for portraying Santana on Glee, which ran on Fox between 2009 and 2015. 865

The recommended amount of sleep for adults is six to eight hours a night. Sleeping more than those hours is associated with an increased risk of death and cardiovascular diseases, says a global study published Wednesday in the European Heart Journal.Looking at data from 21 countries, across seven regions, the research team found that people sleeping more than the recommended upper limit of eight hours increased their risk of risk of major cardiovascular events, like stroke or heart failure, as well as death by up to 41%.But a possible reason for this could be that people have underlying conditions causing them to sleep longer, which in turn could raise the risk of cardiovascular disease or mortality, explain the authors of the study.The team, led by Chuangshi Wang, a Ph.D. student at McMaster and Peking Union Medical College in China, also identified a rising risk among daytime nappers."Daytime napping was associated with increased risks of major cardiovascular events and deaths in those with [more than] six hours of nighttime sleep but not in those sleeping [less than] 6 hours a night," Wang said.In those who underslept, "a daytime nap seemed to compensate for the lack of sleep at night and to mitigate the risks," Wang explained.Previous studies into this topic were mainly carried out in North America, Europe and Japan. The new study brings a global picture.But the findings are observational, meaning the cause of this association remains unknown."Even though the findings were very interesting they don't prove cause and effect," said Julie Ward, a senior cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation, who was not involved in the study.Having less sleep -- under six hours -- was also shown to increase these risks by 9%, compared with people who slept for the recommended six to eight hours, but this finding was not considered to be statistically significant by the team.In 2014, 35.2% of American adults reported not getting enough sleep with less than seven hours per night, according to the CDC. 2049

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