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Some presidential campaign promises are guaranteed to affect the lives and finances of everyday Americans. Banking industry reforms may not seem like one of them.After all, banking regulations can appear to be pretty remote from your day-to-day financial transactions. You may be surprised to learn that bank reforms implemented by past presidents and their cabinets have had material impacts on regular folks, and there’s no reason to believe that any regulatory changes brought about by a second Trump term or a Biden presidency would be any different.Here’s what you need to know about how presidential politics have affected your bank accounts in the past, and how the outcome of the 2020 election could affect your banking experience in the future.Historical Banking Changes That Continue to Affect ConsumersPresidential administrations of the past have implemented a number of different banking regulations and rule changes that continue to impact the consumer experience in 2020. It’s important to remember that the following banking changes were decided, in part, by the voters’ choosing the president who implemented the changes.Creation of the Federal ReserveInaugurated in 1913, President Woodrow Wilson signed The Federal Reserve Act into law later that same year. Prior to the creation of the Federal Reserve, banks could not count on any emergency reserves if customers all withdrew their funds at once.Such panic withdrawals were relatively common in response to widespread financial crises. The country plunged into a depression in 1907 after a big panic run on the banks led to the failure of several institutions.The Federal Reserve Act established the Federal Reserve System as the U.S. central bank, which not only serves as a lender of last resort to commercial banks that would otherwise go under during an economic crisis, but also supervises and regulates banks to provide a level of safety and soundness. The Fed also sets monetary policy to help ensure full employment and price stability.We’re still feeling the effects of Wilson’s policy every day. Due to the stability offered by the Federal Reserve, only two banks have failed in 2020, despite this year’s pandemic-related economic troubles. Compare this to the more than 600 bank failures per year between 1921 and 1929, prior to the Great Depression.Even more importantly, the Fed sets the federal funds rate, which is the benchmark interest rate for the entire U.S. economy. (It’s also the amount of interest banks charge each other for loaning money overnight to maintain their reserve requirements.) The federal funds rate is currently set at 0% to 0.25%.Financial institutions use the federal funds rate to set the interest rates they offer on interest-bearing accounts, such as savings accounts, CDs and money market accounts. When rates on these accounts are raised or lowered, it’s in part because of how the Fed has set the federal funds rate.The federal funds rate also may affect the rates financial institutions charge on loans, such as mortgages, auto loans, credit cards and the like. However, individual credit history and other factors also can affect these rates.Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Banking Act of 1933 into law within his first 100 days of taking office. This legislation, which is often referred to as the Glass-Steagall Act after its sponsors, Senator Carter Glass (D-Va.) and Representative Henry B. Steagall (D-Al.), set up the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), among other provisions.The FDIC insures deposits at an individual bank for up to 0,000 per depositor, for each account ownership category. If your bank were to fail, the FDIC ensures that you would not lose your deposits, up to the applicable limits. As the FDIC proudly states on its website, “No depositor has ever lost a penny of insured deposits since the FDIC was created in 1933.”Few people spend much time thinking about FDIC deposit insurance, but it has had a stabilizing effect on consumer behavior. Prior to the passage of Glass-Steagall, banking customers did not feel confident that their money was safe in the bank, and so they would withdraw their deposits when concerned about an economic downturn.In fact, a rumor that Roosevelt would devalue the dollar caused panic and mass withdrawals in January and February of 1933, leading to the failure of 4,000 banks by the time his March inauguration arrived. Such panicked withdrawals feel unthinkable in 2020 because of the assurance provided by the FDIC coverage.Federal (and many state-chartered) credit unions enjoy similar protection through the National Credit Union Administration, or NCUA.Regulation CCIn 1987, under Ronald Reagan’s administration, Congress passed the Expedited Funds Availability Act to establish the maximum length of holds that banking institutions can place on deposits by their customers.This federal law established Regulation CC, which sets specific rules as to when various types of deposits will be made available to banking customers and provides guidelines to financial institutions for how to disclose their funds availability policies to their customers.Regulation CC specifies that banks can hold their customers’ deposits for a “reasonable” amount of time. The definition of reasonable depends partially on the size of the deposit and the origin of the funds. Still, checks written from an account within the same bank may be held up to two business days, while checks drawn on other banks may be held up to five business days.Banks also may impose longer holds, but they have the burden of proving that the longer hold is necessary and reasonable.Prior to the implementation of Regulation CC, there was concern about the length of time that banks held onto their customers’ deposits before the money appeared in their accounts. With these regulations in place, customers know what to expect from their deposits, making it far easier to handle their cash flow.Proposed Banking Policies in the 2020 ElectionBoth President Donald Trump and Democratic presidential candidate Joe Biden have proposed policies that could alter your banking habits. Here’s what to expect from each candidate’s proposed banking policies.Continued Deregulation Under Donald TrumpThroughout his first term, the incumbent has made bank deregulation a major part of his legislative agenda, with the rollback of some Dodd-Frank regulations in 2018 being his signature achievement in banking. Among other loosened rules, the Dodd-Frank rollback also raised the threshold under which banks are considered “too big to fail” from billion to 0 billion.While the president has not made his proposed banking policies a significant part of his reelection platform, he did propose major changes to the 1977 Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) as of January 2020. The CRA is legislation that prevents banks from discriminating against low-income or under-represented borrowers.As of June 2020, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) put the Trump administration’s proposals into effect. These proposals broaden the definition of what constitutes a bank and expand what types of loans offered to low-income borrowers qualify for improved CRA ratings.Specifically, it now includes credit cards and personal loans. In addition, the new rules give financial institutions credit for community reinvestment for loans for things like stadiums and hospitals. Should the president win his reelection bid, we can expect these new rules to take effect. (However, even if he wins and there is a change in leadership in the Senate, it is possible Democrats will work to reverse these rule changes.)The average bank customer may not notice the changes to the CRA on a day-to-day basis. However, lower-income borrowers may find it more difficult to qualify for a mortgage once these rules take effect.Updates to Older Legislation Under Joe BidenThe former vice president has plans to spruce up several pieces of old banking legislation. The specific items on his agenda include actions to:“Strengthen and enforce” the Dodd-Frank Act to help ensure equal access to banking. He specifically plans to back criminal penalties for reckless actions by bank executives.Protect consumers from predatory lending practices. Biden plans to strengthen consumer lending oversight, enforce remedies for abusive lending practices and pursue legislation to prevent predatory lending.Expand the CRA to include mortgage and insurance companies.Presuming it can enact all the plans it promises, a Biden presidency may provide banking customers with more reassurance that banks will handle their finances with care. Consumers may pay less for their personal loans, credit cards and mortgages if Biden is successful in ending predatory lending practices and if he is able to expand the CRA, thereby improving access to credit for under-represented communities.These rule changes also may place more of a regulatory burden on financial institutions, which could have ripple effects on banking customers. For instance, some consumers with a poor credit history may find that they cannot qualify for loans under a Biden-led crackdown on usurious interest rates, although they did previously qualify for loans that are now considered predatory.Election Costs and ConsequencesPolicy changes from our government’s executive branch can have enormous consequences for the banking industry and the consumers who rely on that industry. Although it may feel as if voting in a presidential election has little to do with how you bank, your vote can help to set policies that will affect banking consumers like yourself for decades to come.Protecting your own and your fellow Americans’ financial health is yet another reason why voting is so important. 9828

SILVERADO CANYON (CNS) - A wind-driven brush fire in Silverado Canyon sparked by a house fire exploded to 7,200 acres Thursday, injuring two firefighters and growing rapidly as mandatory and voluntary evacuations were ordered for residents in a large portion of Orange County.The two firefighters injured worked for the Cleveland National Forest Service."They were treated on scene and transported to a local hospital," said Orange County Fire Authority Chief Brian Fennessy. "Their exact condition is unknown to me."Mandatory evacuations were in effect in the Modjeska, Silverado and Williams Canyon areas, Foothill Ranch and Portola Hills west of El Toro and north of the 241 Toll Road.Voluntary evacuations were issued for the following areas:-- Lake Forest, from the 241 Toll Road, along Bake Parkway to Musick and north to the border with Irvine and from the 241 Toll Road north to Bake Parkway to Foothill Ranch Community Ranch;-- Borrego Canyon;-- Baker Ranch;-- Portola Hills;-- Live Oak Canyon;-- Trabuco Canyon;-- Rose Canyon;-- Valley Vista Way;-- Meadow Ridge Drive;--Cowan and Lemon Heights.Evacuees were strongly encouraged to stay with family or friends or in a hotel, the OCFA said."Due to COVID-19, no congregate shelter is offered," the authority tweeted about 5:20 a.m. A temporary OC Red Cross evacuation point at Santiago Community College at 8405 E. Chapman Ave, Orange, was shut down and a new one was opened at El Modena High School, 3920 E. Spring St., Orange. Residents were asked to remain in their vehicles and wait for assistance.Officials have also opened another Red Cross evacuation point at El Toro High School at 25255 Toledo Way in Lake Forest.Fennessy urged residents to be prepared to move when necessary to clear the way for firefighters to battle the blaze."Even if you don't see smoke... If you have a concern the flames are a little bit too close, that's enough to have your belongings prepared to evacuate," Fennessy said. "You don't have to wait for us to call."Authorities are also concerned about a number of power poles and lines felled by the gusts in the area that could also delay residents from re- entering their homes.More than 500 firefighters were battling the blaze, OCFA Capt. Thanh Nguyen said. A helitanker dropped about 90,000 gallons of water on the flames overnight, Fennessy said.Orange County Sheriff Don Barnes said about 60 deputies have been deployed to assist with evacuations, traffic control and security in evacuated areas. All the department's deputies are on 12-hour patrols, he said."All days off are canceled to bring in all resources," Barnes said.Firefighters were investigating reports of multiple structures damaged or destroyed in the blaze, Nguyen said."We know a number of houses were damaged, potentially destroyed," Fennessy said. "We just don't have the details."Winds were blowing north to northeast 25 mph to 35 mph with gusts up to 65 mph and isolated gusts reaching up to 80 mph, according to the National Weather Service.But the winds died down some by the afternoon, OCFA Capt. Paul Holaday said."This morning around 5:30 a.m. to 6 a.m., it was starting to move toward Lake Forest, which prompted the mandatory evacuations for Portola Hills and Foothill Ranch," Nguyen said.The blaze is in the same area as the Silverado Fire in October, but there's still plenty of brush to fuel the flames now, Nguyen said."This time, it started in Silverado Canyon on the east side of Santiago Canyon Road and made its way to Santiago Canyon and jumped the road," Nguyen said. "The wind was pretty aggressive this morning when I was driving through."Water-dropping helicopters had to be grounded at 3 a.m., Nguyen said. They were able to resume between 7 a.m. to 8 a.m., he added.Officials said Orange County Animal Care would be accepting small household pets at the Tustin Facility at 1630 Victory Road.Orange County Fire Authority personnel responded to the 29400 block of Silverado Canyon Drive at about 10:15 p.m. Wednesday. No injuries were immediately reported.Ground crews were being assisted in the fight against the Bond Fire by fire helicopters and a helitanker, the OCFA said. More than 240 firefighters were on the scene, the OCFA said. The agency is in unified command with the U.S. Forest Service.The Orange County Sheriff's Department announced that the county's Emergency Operations Center was activated to support the firefighting effort. A public information hotline number was activated -- 714-628-7085 -- for residents to call for information on resources available for them.Residents were urged to stay informed of the most current information by monitoring @OCFA_PIO on Twitter. Also, a public safety map with evacuation orders and warnings was available at https://bit.ly/2Vy231m.Santiago Canyon Road from Jackson Ranch Road to the Eastern Transportation (241 Toll Road) Corridor was closed.The 261 toll road and Route 133 were also closed, Barnes said.The Irvine Police Department alerted residents that it is aware of the Bond Fire burning nearby and, while fire is visible from within the city, it was moving away from Irvine and there was no current threat to residents.Anaheim officials also tweeted that no immediate threat was seen in that city.Inland Orange County is under a red flag warning until 10 p.m. Saturday for extreme fire danger due to high winds and low relative humidity. 5400

Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said Thursday he is not sending senators home until there is a coronavirus stimulus bill that has been approved by the chamber.“The Senate is not going anywhere until we have COVID relief out the door. We're staying right here until COVID relief is out the door,” McConnell said.As far as the status of negotiations?“Conversations are still underway and making progress on the major pandemic relief package we've all been seeking for the American people. As I've been saying, families across the nation have waited far too long already for another significant dose of assistance. We must not slide into treating these talks like routine negotiations to be conducted at Congress' routine pace,” McConnell said.McConnell’s view is one shared by Minority Leader Chuck Schumer.“We have a responsibility to get this right. People's lives depend upon it,” he said.Last week, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said that the House will not break for the holidays until pandemic relief is passed.There is added pressure on Congress as the government runs out of funding Friday night.But both sides have been working on economic relief for months, but have failed to come to any sort of compromise.Two weeks ago, a bipartisan group of legislators proposed a 0 billion stimulus plan that would extend funds for additional unemployment benefits for up to 18 weeks per worker. The legislation also would replenish funds for the Paycheck Protection Program, which helped companies affected by the pandemic make payroll.In recent days, members of Congress have pushed for 0 stimulus checks to be added to the comprehensive package. The checks would be sent to Americans in a similar fashion as the stimulus checks most Americans received in the spring. 1783

Social media has been filled with emotional farewells from flight attendants, pilots and others in the airline industry, which has been decimated since the onset of the coronavirus.Thousands have lost their job in recent days, and without relief, more could join them. According to the Association of Flight Attendants, more than 100,000 airline workers were out of a job as of October 1. Airlines were no longer obligated as of last week to keep workers employed under the Payroll Support Program, passed by Congress during the spring.With stimulus talks stalled on Capitol Hill, unions representing the airline industry have been pushing Congress to take immediate action. And given the mixed messages coming from the White House, it is unclear if any assistance is coming their way.On Tuesday, President Donald Trump tweeted that he would no longer negotiate with House Democrats on economic stimulus, but backtracked later in the night saying he would accept a standalone bill to fund the Payroll Support Program.On Wednesday, more than a dozen unions representing workers in the airline industry signed a letter to Congressional leaders, urging them to approve a standalone bill to renew the Payroll Support Program.“There continues to be strong, broad, and bipartisan willingness to protect jobs and livelihoods in the airline industry by extending the successful Payroll Support Program (PSP), which was part of the CARES Act,” the unions wrote to Congress today. “Unfortunately, efforts to do so did not come to fruition before the program expired on Sept. 30. As a result, several U.S. airlines had no choice but to move forward with tens of thousands of furloughs last week, and many more job losses are expected across the industry in the weeks ahead if the PSP is not extended.”Congress squabblesFunding another round of stimulus has been a contentious topic on Capitol Hill since the summer as getting House and Senate leaders to agree with the White House has been an issue. While there has been broad agreement on renewing aspects of the Paycheck Protection Program and a second round of ,200 stimulus checks for Americans, Congress has been unable to send a comprehensive bill to the president.House Speaker Nancy Pelosi blasted Republicans for “blocking” relief for the airline industry.“Tens of thousands of airline workers stand on the brink of being fired, losing their certification requirements and seeing their livelihoods and financial security ripped away,” Pelosi said. “Democrats provided a path forward to avert catastrophe for these workers. Chairman (Peter) DeFazio (D-Oregon) requested unanimous consent for his standalone bipartisan bill to extend the Payroll Support Program. Disappointingly, Republicans objected to the legislation.”House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy returned fire at Pelosi.“Nancy Pelosi's all-or-nothing approach has derailed relief negotiations every single time,” McCarthy said. “Today is no different. At a minimum, Democrats should now join Republicans in re-opening the already-funded Paycheck Protection Program so businesses can keep paying their employees.”The pandemic’s impact on travelAccording to Southwest CEO Gary Kelly, domestic travel is down 70% from a year ago, and is at 1970s levels.Due to concerns over the spread of the virus, several airlines have eliminated the middle seat on flights. Other airlines are capping the number of passengers on board flights.In addition to these restrictions, international travel is largely restricted from the US. While some international travel is beginning to resume, flights originating or arriving in the US have mostly been eliminated amid the pandemic due to international travel restrictions.Amid the pandemic, carriers are attempting to regain confidence in travel. Airlines are strictly enforcing mask wearing on board flights, and have been promoting sanitation efforts to eliminate the coronavirus from spreading among passengers.“We hope you find comfort in the policies we’ve implemented to keep you safe, including blocking middle seats, using electrostatic spraying on surfaces in the airport and onboard between flights, and requiring masks. Wearing a mask is the No. 1 thing each of us can do to help control the spread of the virus and protect each other,” Delta CEO Ed Bastian wrote in a letter to customers.How airlines are respondingDifferent airlines are addressing the drop in funds differently. For instance, discount carrier Southwest announced it is holding off on any layoffs or furloughs until 2021, the company announced this week.“I remain grateful for that six months support,” Kelly said about the Payroll Support Program. “But the fact is it just did not go far enough or long enough. The pandemic has devastated travel and tourism.”Southwest has asked its employees to accept pay cuts while it awaits potential federal funding in order to avoid layoffs.Delta Air Lines said it would wait until November 1 before moving forward with job cutsBut other airlines have not been as fortunate. According to NBC News, American Airlines was forced to furlough 19,000 employees, and United Airlines furloughed 13,000 employees.Emotional goodbyesMeanwhile, longtime airline workers have been giving emotional goodbyes to their customers. 5281

Several retailers across the U.S. have announced that they will be closed on Thanksgiving Day. Two of the biggest retailers in the nation, Walmart and Target, have already announced they've closed their doors on Thanksgiving this year.Target said the reason they are closing on the holiday is because of the coronavirus pandemic.The retail store said in a press release that they plan to extend holiday sale prices by several weeks.Walmart President and CEO John Furner said the company wants its employees to enjoy the holiday with their loved ones.Below is a list of other stores that will be closed on Thanksgiving 2020:Abt ElectronicsAcademy SportsBest Buy"To meet our customers’ changing lives this holiday, we’re enhancing the way we fulfill orders, from offering more convenient pick-up options at our stores to making sure BestBuy.com orders arrive at the right time," the retailer said in a statement.CostcoDick's Sporting GoodsHobby LobbyHome DepotKohl's“The holiday season is when Kohl’s shines brightest, and as we move into the holiday season of this very unusual year, we are adapting our plans in response to changing customer expectations and behaviors,” Kohl’s Chief Executive Officer Michelle Gass said in a statement. “We are deeply appreciative of how our team of Kohl’s associates have shown up to serve our customers through this pandemic and know that they will continue to show Kohl's at our best throughout the holidays.”Sam's Club/Walmart“We know this has been a trying year, and our associates have stepped up. We hope they will enjoy a special Thanksgiving Day at home with their loved ones,” said John Furner, president and CEO of Walmart U.S. in a statement. “We are certainly thankful to our people for all of their efforts.”TargetWilliams-SonomaIn a press release, the retail store announced they, too, were closed on Thanksgiving. “We hope our associates will be able to spend time with their loved ones this Thanksgiving. We are so thankful for their resilience and hard work this year and are proud to be able to support them during this pandemic, including providing pay and benefits while our stores were closed. We will continue to do all that we can to take care of our people, as we navigate this extraordinary time together,” said Laura Alber, President, and Chief Executive Officer in the news release. 2352

来源：资阳报