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A locked-down pandemic-struck world cut its carbon dioxide emissions this year by 7%, the biggest drop ever, new preliminary figures show.The Global Carbon Project, an authoritative group of dozens of international scientists who track emissions, calculated that the world will have put 37 billion U.S. tons (34 billion metric tons) of carbon dioxide in the air in 2020. That’s down from 40.1 billion US tons (36.4 billion metric tons) in 2019, according a study published Thursday in the journal Earth System Science Data.Scientists say this drop is chiefly because people are staying home, traveling less by car and plane, and that emissions are expected to jump back up after the pandemic ends. Ground transportation makes up about one-fifth of emissions of carbon dioxide, the chief man-made heat-trapping gas.“Of course, lockdown is absolutely not the way to tackle climate change,” said study co-author Corinne LeQuere, a climate scientist at the University of East Anglia.The same group of scientists months ago predicted emission drops of 4% to 7%, depending on the progression of COVID-19. A second coronavirus wave and continued travel reductions pushed the decrease to 7%, LeQuere said.Emissions dropped 12% in the United States and 11% in Europe, but only 1.7% in China. That’s because China had an earlier lockdown with less of a second wave. Also China’s emissions are more industrial based than other countries and its industry was less affected than transportation, LeQuere said.The calculations — based on reports detailing energy use, industrial production and daily mobility counts — were praised as accurate by outside scientists.Even with the drop in 2020, the world on average put 1,185 tons (1,075 metric tons) of carbon dioxide into the air every second.Final figures for 2019 published in the same study show that from 2018 to 2019 emissions of the main man-made heat-trapping gas increased only 0.1%, much smaller than annual jumps of around 3% a decade or two ago. Even with emissions expected to rise after the pandemic, scientists are wondering if 2019 be the peak of carbon pollution, LeQuere said.“We are certainly very close to an emissions peak, if we can keep the global community together,” said United Nations Development Director Achim Steiner.Chris Field, director of the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, thinks emissions will increase after the pandemic, but said “I am optimistic that we have, as a society learned some lessons that may help decrease emissions in the future.”“For example,” he added, “as people get good at telecommuting a couple of days a week or realize they don’t need quite so many business trips, we might see behavior-related future emissions decreases.”___Follow AP’s climate coverage at https://www.apnews.com/Climate___Follow Seth Borenstein on Twitter at @borenbears .___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 3048

A cipher sent in 1969 by the Zodiac Killer has been solved.In an email to EW Scripps, the Federal Bureau of Investigation confirmed that three "private citizens cracked the cipher.""On Dec. 5, the FBI received the solution to a cipher popularly known as Z340 from a cryptologic researcher and independently verified the decryption," the FBI said in a statement. "Cipher Z340 is one of four ciphers attributed to the Zodiac Killer. This cipher was first submitted to the FBI Laboratory on Nov. 13, 1969, but not successfully decrypted. Over the past 51 years, CRRU has reviewed numerous proposed solutions from the public--none of which had merit."According to the Associated Press, code experts from the United States, Australia, and Belgium solved it.The code was first sent to the San Francisco Chronicle newspaper in 1969 by the Zodiac Killer, who murdered five people between 1968 and 1969 in the Bay Area.According to The Chronicle, David Oranchak, one of the three to crack the cipher, has worked on Zodiac's codes since 2006.Oranchak told the newspaper that the cipher included sentences like "I hope you are having lots of fun in trying to catch me" and that the killer wasn't "afraid of the gas chamber because it will send me to paradise all the sooner."Cameron Polan, a spokeswoman for the FBI’s San Francisco office, told E.W. Scripps in an email that the case of the Zodiac Killer "remains an ongoing investigation.""The Zodiac Killer terrorized multiple communities across Northern California and even though decades have gone by, we continue to seek justice for the victims of these brutal crimes," Polan said in the email. "Due to the ongoing nature of the investigation, and out of respect for the victims and their families, we will not be providing further comment at this time."This marks the second Zodiac Killer cipher that has been cracked, according to the newspaper. A cipher sent in 1969 was solved by a Salinas schoolteacher and his wife. 1973

A group of lucky dogs dodged cars and stopped traffic as they made their way across the lanes of Interstate 17 in Phoenix Monday morning.Video from Arizona Department of Transportation cameras showed the pack of six small dogs around 9:55 a.m. local time wandering from the shoulder near Thomas Road across several lanes as cars and trucks slowed to a stop.Department of Public Safety motorcycle troopers could be seen approaching the dogs from behind and ushering them off the freeway at McDowell Road.Luckily, DPS said all six of the pups were taken off the roadway safely. 583

A detailed look at COVID-19 deaths in U.S. kids and young adults released Tuesday shows they mirror patterns seen in older patients.The report examined 121 deaths of those younger than 21, as of the end of July. Like older adults, many of them had one or more medical condition — like lung problems, including asthma, obesity, heart problems or developmental conditions.Deaths were also more common among those in certain racial and ethnic groups, according to the report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The CDC found 54 were Hispanic, 35 were Black, and 17 were white, even though overall there are far more white Americans than Black and Hispanic.“It’s really pretty striking. It’s similar to what we see in adults,” and may reflect many things, including that many essential workers who have to go to work are Black and Hispanic parents, said Dr. Andrew Pavia, a pediatric infectious diseases expert at the University of Utah. He was not involved in the CDC study.The numbers of young deaths are small though. They represent about 0.08% of the total U.S. deaths reported to CDC at the time, though children and college-age adults make up 26% of the U.S. population.Fifteen of the deaths were tied to a rare condition called multisystem inflammatory syndrome, which can cause swelling and heart problems.The report also found nearly two-thirds of the deaths were in males, and that deaths increased with age. There were 71 deaths among those under 17, including a dozen infants. The remaining 50 deaths were ages 18 to 20.Scientists are still trying to understand why severe illnesses seem to become more common as children age. One theory is that young children have fewer sites on their airway surfaces that the coronavirus is able to attach to, Pavia said. Another is that children may be less prone to a dangerous overreaction by the immune system to the coronavirus, he added.Thus far this year, the COVID-19 toll in children is lower than the pediatric flu deaths reported to the CDC during a routine flu season, which has been about 130 in recent years. But comparing the two is difficult for a number of reasons, including that most schools weren’t open during the spring because of the pandemic.___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 2427

A federal judge in Washington state has issued a permanent injunction that blocks the Trump administration from slashing grants to a Planned Parenthood program that funds teen pregnancy prevention programs across the country.The decision came from US District Judge Thomas Rice on Tuesday, whose ruling stated that the Trump administration cannot end the program, due to the fact that it would cause harm."The Court determines that the public interest weighs in favor of (Planned Parenthood), as it would prevent harm to the community ... and prevent loss of data regarding the effectiveness of teen pregnancy prevention," Rice wrote. 642