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Bulked-up, mutant “mighty mice” held onto their muscle during a monthlong stay at the International Space Station, returning to Earth with ripped bodybuilder physiques, scientists reported Monday.The findings hold promise for preventing muscle and bone loss in astronauts on prolonged space trips like Mars missions, as well as people on Earth who are confined to bed or need wheelchairs.A research team led by Dr. Se-Jin Lee of the Jackson Laboratory in Connecticut sent 40 young female black mice to the space station in December, launching aboard a SpaceX rocket.In a paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Lee said the 24 regular untreated mice lost considerable muscle and bone mass in weightlessness as expected — up to 18%.But the eight genetically engineered “mighty mice” launched with double the muscle maintained their bulk. Their muscles appeared to be comparable to similar “mighty mice” that stayed behind at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center.In addition, eight normal mice that received “mighty mouse” treatment in space returned to Earth with dramatically bigger muscles. The treatment involves blocking a pair of proteins that typically limit muscle mass.A SpaceX capsule brought all 40 mice back in good condition, parachuting into the Pacific off the California coast in January. Some of the ordinary mice were injected with the “mighty mice” drug after returning and quickly built up more muscle than their untreated companions, Lee said.The scientists completed the experiment just as the coronavirus was hitting the U.S.“The only silver lining of COVID is that we had time to write it up very intensively” and submit the results for publication, said Dr. Emily Germain-Lee of Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Lee’s wife who also took part in the study. Both are affiliated with the University of Connecticut.While encouraged by their findings, the couple said much more work needs to be done before testing the drug on people to build up muscle and bone, without serious side effects.“We’re years away. But that’s how everything is when you go from mouse to human studies,” Germain-Lee said.Lee said the experiment pointed out other molecules and signaling pathways worth investigating — “an embarrassment of riches ... so many things we’d like to pursue.” His next step: possibly sending more “mighty mice” to the space station for an even longer stay.Three NASA astronauts looked after the space mice, performing body scans and injections: Christina Koch and Jessica Meir, who performed the first all-female spacewalk last fall, and Andrew Morgan. They are listed as co-authors.___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 2835
CARLSBAD, Calif. (KGTV) - Dozens gathered in Carlsbad Saturday afternoon protesting the closures of businesses and schools due to the coronavirus."We got to get our economy going again and we need our businesses and schools open at the same time," San Diego County Supervisor Jim Desmond said.The rally comes as San Diego is seeing progress during the pandemic, eligible to fall off the state's watch list and potentially reopen schools in two weeks.RELATED: Del Mar increases mask enforcement as crowds fill beachesActivists at the Shoppes at Carlsbad say that is too long to wait."The longer this pandemic and the shutdown occurs, the more likely some of these businesses are never going to reopen," Oceanside Mayor Peter Weiss said.In the crowd was Juan Velasco, co-owner of Slight Edge Hair Salon in Oceanside. He said one of the hardest decisions he had to make was telling his 12 stylists he had to close down."It was so disheartening because it doesn’t allow us the opportunity to allow them to work and to provide for their families," Velasco said.RELATED: What happens next? San Diego County eligible to fall off of California watch listSupervisor Jim Desmond preached the need to reopen schools and businesses together, saying, "they need to have their kids in school to go back to work, they don’t have time to do the homeschooling ... We want to do it with the social distancing we want to do it with the masks."Desmond gestured to the crowd saying they were promoting social distancing and mask-wearing at the event. Most of the crowd was wearing masks."Right now, there are not enough choices out there, there are some waivers that are working their way through the process but we want to get more schools open sooner rather than later," Desmond added.RELATED: CDC: After COVID-19 recovery, patients are likely unable to spread virus for 3 monthsWhile the shutdown is devastating, last time San Diego reopened for dining in and retail, three and a half weeks later, the county started to see a spike in COVID-19 cases. Then, gyms, bars, and hotels reopened and another huge spike forced a rollback in reopening measures.Businesses lost a huge amount of revenue, after installing precautions to meet county standards and buying perishable products. While it's a risk, business owners like Velasco are hopeful to get back to work."If we get the word on Monday, I bring them back on Monday," Velasco said. "With everything they’ve lost, to give them the opportunity again it would be the highlight of the year for me."But reopening could mean a resurgence in cases. 2584

CDC Director Robert Redfield stated on Thursday during the first White House coronavirus task force briefing held since July that schools should remain open during the pandemic, despite a number of major school districts going virtual only in recent weeks.This week, New York City became the latest major school district to close building amid a surge in cases across the country.“Today, there is extensive data that we have gathered over the last two to three months to confirm that k-12 schools can operate with face-to-face learning and they can do it safely and they can do it responsibly," Redfield said. "The infections we have identified in the schools, when they have been evaluating, were not acquired in schools. They were acquired in the community and the household.”CDC data released in October indicated that children can spread the virus within schools, but children under the age of 10 were less likely to do so. The CDC’s data did not find a link between a rise in cases and schools reopening in the fall.Earlier this week, the American Association of Pediatrics noted that over 1 million American children have been infected with the coronavirus."We urgently need a new, nation-wide strategy to control the pandemic, and that should include implementing proven public health measures like mask wearing and physical distancing,” said AAP President Sally Goza. “This pandemic is taking a heavy toll on children, families and communities, as well as on physicians and other front-line medical teams. We must work now to restore confidence in our public health and scientific agencies, create fiscal relief for families and pediatricians alike, and support the systems that support children and families such as our schools, mental health care, and nutrition assistance.”Redfield and Vice President Mike Pence both incorrectly stated during Thursday’s White House coronavirus task force update that the CDC never recommended school shutdowns.Earlier guidance called for schools in areas with substantial community transmission (the CDC did not distinguish between uncontrolled or controlled) to, "Implement extended school dismissals (e.g., dismissals for longer than two weeks). This longer-term, and likely broader-reaching, dismissal strategy is intended to slow transmission rates of COVID-19 in the community. During extended school dismissals, also cancel extracurricular group activities, school-based afterschool programs, and large events."Dr. Elinore F. McCance-Katz, the assistant secretary for Mental Health and Substance Abuse, said there needs to be a focus on students’ mental health.“We must find a way to alleviate that stress without ignoring the fact that our nation faces the very real and deadly virus,” McCance-Katz said. “The work of schools and the school personnel do daily is valuable beyond any words I can deliver. In addition to education, schools provide their children a profound sense of security and stability for the structure and safety of schools are an integral role of health.”McCance-Katz added that teachers and staff need to feel safe when going to schools, and that communities must do what is needed to minimize community spread.“We must use masks and we must enforce social distancing, we must employ creative and innovative ways to limit the number of children in a building at any given time. There are tools we have and we must think through help us to use them to keep our schools open,” she said. 3466
CARMEL, Indiana — The family of a Carmel High School student who took his own life after getting in trouble at school has filed a lawsuit against the school district.Patrick McCalley got in trouble for a Snapchat message, showing a noose around the neck of an African-American schoolmate. McCalley died by suicide after the school had him sign an affidavit over the incident without his parents being notified.His parents are now suing the Carmel-Clay School District for negligence and for violations of due process of the Fourth Amendment's ban on unreasonable searches. 610
CARLSBAD, Calif. (KGTV) -- Carlsbad is known for The Flower Fields, Legoland, golf, and its family-friendly beaches, but the Village by the Sea is also home to several hidden gems. "Most people have seen us on top of the hill, on top of the Flower Fields. Certain times of the day, you might notice a beautiful crystal piece, sparkling at the top of our building. Still, most people aren't aware they can come and visit, it's probably one of the best-kept secrets in Carlsbad," said Cathryn Ramirez, Director of Global Business Development at the Gemological Institute of America. The Institute is the global headquarters of the GIA. The non-profit is home to a museum, research lab, and school. Students come from around the world to study gems and jewelry design. "We have not only our education campus here, but we have our laboratory where we do grading of gemstones, we do research here, and it's our corporate offices as well," said Ramirez. The GIA houses more than a thousand gems and pieces of jewelry. Tours are available by reservation. Another one of Carlsbad's best-kept secrets is a short walk from the GIA. "It's off the beaten track. Everyone knows where Legoland is, Legoland is a great attraction here in Carlsbad or the Flower Fields, and then we're tucked in right between those two large attractions. We both love and are challenged by the term "hidden gem," said B.J Morgan. Morgan is the marketing manager of the Museum of Making Music. "People can expect to see all the way back to the 1890's at the turn of the century, what life was like when those instrument innovations were taking place, what music was being made on those instruments and what it was like to walk into your local retail store," said Morgan.The museum hosts several concerts a month featuring local and national artists. There's a field trip program for kids and a chance for adults to learn an instrument and join a band."I love hearing about people who are inspired to make music and to play, anybody who comes to the museum doesn't have to be a musician, I think we have an innate appreciation for music," said Morgan.Like much of San Diego County, Carlsbad is home to miles of hiking trails. The Calavera Hills Nature preserve is a 110-acre site that includes more than four miles of hiking and biking trails. It's also a habitat for several threatened or endangered species.Visitors may not realize it's also home to a volcano."Millions of years ago, there was a volcano, it's now extinct. Obviously, it's no threat to anyone, but it's a beautiful place to go visit," said Rosanne Humphrey, Coordinator for the city's Habitat Management program. Calavera Hills is home to a volcanic plug, one of only a few in Southern California. "Which means the volcanic rock that came up through the opening, solidified and over time, it just became inactive, and now all that's left is pretty much a rocky mountain," said Humphrey. 2928
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