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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As the world waits for a vaccine against the coronavirus, two San Diego biotechs are teaming up to develop a nasal spray using designer antibodies cloned from COVID-19 survivors.About 70 companies worldwide are working on therapies for COVID-19 using cloned antibodies, according to an estimate by the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative. A few of these treatments, known officially as monoclonal antibody therapies, have advanced to clinical trials.Most require an injection, but San Diego-based Diomics and its partner Active Motif, based in Carlsbad, are developing a once-a-day spray that could be easily self-administered.Early research suggests the coronavirus primarily enters the body through the nose. The spray, called Dioguard, is designed to coat the lining of the nasal cavity with cloned antibodies that are held in place for 24 hours or more using a proprietary polymer material developed by Diomics.Diomics CEO Anthony Zolezzi said he believes the spray “holds the key to allowing many aspects of life to resume until the day comes when there’s an effective vaccine in widespread use.”Diomics is also developing two tests for COVID-19 antibodies using its polymer beads, including a device that looks like a nicotine patch that is designed to monitor for infections for a week or more.RELATED: How a dot on your forearm could be the future sign of COVID immunityActive Motif is providing the cloned antibodies for the nasal spray. With a lab in Shanghai and other relationships in China, the Carlsbad company was able to clone antibodies from 11 Chinese survivors in February, before the World Health Organization declared a pandemic.When the company started the cloning project, they thought the virus would probably disappear in three to six months, said Active Motif CEO Ted DeFrank. “Then people started realizing, no this is going to be with us for a while.”The plasma from the 11 Chinese patients contained thousands of antibodies, and scientists with Active Motif set about selecting the one that was most effective, dubbed 414-1. The company says it can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 virus particles with 98 percent effectiveness.Monoclonal antibodies have some similarities to convalescent plasma, which is a complex cocktail of antibodies and other immune molecules drawn from the blood of recovered patients. One of the key differences is that cloned antibodies can be mass produced in a lab.Cloned antibodies have been used in treatments for more than 30 years, primarily for cancer. One such treatment famously helped former U.S. President Jimmy Carter beat melanoma.But of the more than 100 monoclonal antibody therapies licensed for use, only seven are for communicable diseases, according to IAVI.Historically, the treatments have been expensive and difficult to produce, but Diomics said it’s targeting a price of about a spray for Dioguard, roughly per bottle.“We do not want to have huge profits from a pandemic, that’s just wrong,” Zolezzi said. “We’re going to price this as effectively as we can for the masses. We want to get this out to the masses.”Animal testing is about to begin and the companies said they hope to progress to human trials soon. Their goal is to release the spray in early 2021, when a vaccine may be on the market but not yet widely available.If the spray works, it could be adapted to other viruses to help fight future pandemics, Zolezzi said."That’s our real goal," Zolezzi said. "That we never get caught flat-footed like this time." 3526

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - As the government shutdown approaches its third week, San Diego’s food stamp recipients are preparing for possible changes to their benefits. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or food stamps, helps feed roughly 40 million Americans. According to the USDA, eligible recipients are guaranteed benefits through January. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is expected to make a statement this week on SNAP funding into February, according to San Diego Hunger Coalition spokesman Joseph Shumate, citing the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP).Any SNAP adjustments could also increase the burden on San Diego charities. Many Feeding San Diego beneficiaries also rely on SNAP to help their families, the organization said."For every one meal we do, the SNAP program does 12 meals," said Feeding San Diego CEO, Vince Hall. "That is a 12 to 1 ratio, so any cut to SNAP is going to have dramatic effects on charities already struggling to keep up with the demand, the unmet need for food across our communities."Hall says they are preparing for worst-case scenarios, like the shutdown continuing for weeks or months. According to CBPP, the USDA may rule that the only appropriation available for SNAP after January is the program’s billion “contingency reserve,” which was made available through the fiscal year 2018 appropriations act. But SNAP benefits currently amount to about .8 billion a month, so the billion reserve cannot fully fund February benefits.Other feeding programs, including WIC, which provides food aid and nutrition counseling for pregnant women, new mothers and children, and food distribution programs on Indian reservations, will continue on a local level, but additional federal funding won't be provided. School lunch programs will continue through February. The shutdown started Dec. 21. About 420,000 federal employees are working without pay, while 380,000 are being forced to stay home. Associated Press contributed to this report. 2009

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - As we continue to work through the pandemic, a couple of Carmel Valley kids are working to spread “some good news” for San Diegans. Brothers Zach and Asher Swazey are putting together their own newscasts.Its called “SGN San Diego.” The newscast is filled with good news.“You want to have something that will affect people in a positive way,” says 13-year-old Zach.The brothers are now working on episode two. They say it was a lot of work putting everything together.“It took us 2-3 weeks,” says ten-year-old Asher. “We went through multiple stages of editing. It took a little of time to make the script and film.”The boys say they were inspired to start SGN San Diego after watching actor and filmmaker John Krasinski on Youtube.The boys say their video is getting more views, but their headline is to make people feel good.“When you’re making a YouTube channel, it’s not about how many likes you get or how many subscribers, it’s how it affects people.”The brothers say their parents are also a big help. If you have any ideas for the boys to put in the newscast, you can send suggestions to somegoodnewssd@gmail.com. 1147

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Anyone looking to contest a traffic ticket in San Diego court will be required to make an appointment first. 135

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Continuing its success breeding the first southern white rhino through artificial insemination, the San Diego Zoo Safari Park welcomed a second rhino to the mix last week.The unnamed female rhino was born on Nov. 21 just after midnight at the zoo, becoming the 100th southern white rhino born overall at the Safari Park.The rhino's mother, 11-year-old Amani, gave birth to the calf at the park's Nikita Kahn Rescue Center, where she did extremely well during labor and is now bonding with the new calf, the zoo says.RELATED: San Diego Zoo's baby southern white rhino charges into life at the parkThe rhino is the second southern white rhino born via hormone-induced ovulation and artificial insemination in North America. The first rhino, Edward, was born at the park on July 28.“We are so excited to welcome another healthy calf to the rhino crash at the Nikita Kahn Rhino Rescue Center,” said Barbara Durrant, of San Diego Zoo Global. “We are very pleased Amani did so well with the birth of her first calf, and she is being very attentive to her baby. The calf is up and walking, and nursing frequently, which are all good signs. Not only are we thankful for this healthy calf, but this birth is significant, as it also represents a critical step in our effort to save the northern white rhino from the brink of extinction.”Southern white rhinos are designated as "near threatened" on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species. There are an estimated 18,000 southern white rhinos left in the wild.San Diego Zoo hopes that the science used to successfully breed the southern white rhino lead to the genetic recovery of the subspecies northern white rhino, of which only two remain on the planet and are females. Once the science is perfected, the zoo says southern white rhinos could serve as surrogates for embryos of their northern counterparts. RELATED: Birth of baby rhino marks major milestone in effort to save critically endangered species“We believe in the importance of this work because it has the potential to be applied to save other wildlife, including the critically endangered Sumatran and Javan rhinos," said Paul Baribault, CEO of San Diego Zoo Global. While the science is complex, zookeepers hope to see a northern white rhino born in 10 to 20 years. 2338