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CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) — The spacecraft team that brought us close-ups of Pluto will ring in the new year by exploring an even more distant and mysterious world.NASA's New Horizons spacecraft will zip past the scrawny, icy object nicknamed Ultima Thule (TOO-lee) soon after the stroke of midnight.One billion miles beyond Pluto and an astounding 4 billion miles from Earth (1.6 billion kilometers and 6.4 billion kilometers), Ultima Thule will be the farthest world ever explored by humankind. That's what makes this deep-freeze target so enticing; it's a preserved relic dating all the way back to our solar system's origin 4.5 billion years ago. No spacecraft has visited anything so primitive."What could be more exciting than that?" said project scientist Hal Weaver of Johns Hopkins University, part of the New Horizons team.Lead scientist Alan Stern of Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado, expects the New Year's encounter to be riskier and more difficult than the rendezvous with Pluto: The spacecraft is older, the target is smaller, the flyby is closer and the distance from us is greater.NEW HORIZONSNASA launched the spacecraft in 2006; it's about the size of a baby grand piano. It flew past Pluto in 2015, providing the first close-up views of the dwarf planet. With the wildly successful flyby behind them, mission planners won an extension from NASA and set their sights on a destination deep inside the Kuiper Belt. As distant as it is, Pluto is barely in the Kuiper Belt, the so-called Twilight Zone stretching beyond Neptune. Ultima Thule is in the Twilight Zone's heart.ULTIMA THULEThis Kuiper Belt object was discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2014. Officially known as 2014 MU69, it got the nickname Ultima Thule in an online vote. In classic and medieval literature, Thule was the most distant, northernmost place beyond the known world. When New Horizons first glimpsed the rocky iceball in August it was just a dot. Good close-up pictures should be available the day after the flyby.ARE WE THERE YET?New Horizons will make its closest approach in the wee hours of Jan. 1 — 12:33 a.m. EST. The spacecraft will zoom within 2,200 miles (3,500 kilometers) of Ultima Thule, its seven science instruments going full blast. The coast should be clear: Scientists have yet to find any rings or moons around it that could batter the spacecraft. New Horizons hurtles through space at 31,500 mph (50,700 kph), and even something as minuscule as a grain of rice could demolish it. "There's some danger and some suspense," Stern said at a fall meeting of astronomers. It will take about 10 hours to get confirmation that the spacecraft completed — and survived — the encounter.POSSIBLY TWINSScientists speculate Ultima Thule could be two objects closely orbiting one another. If a solo act, it's likely 20 miles (32 kilometers) long at most. Envision a baked potato. "Cucumber, whatever. Pick your favorite vegetable," said astronomer Carey Lisse of Johns Hopkins. It could even be two bodies connected by a neck. If twins, each could be 9 miles to 12 miles (15 kilometers to 20 kilometers) in diameter.MAPPING MISSONScientists will map Ultima Thule every possible way. They anticipate impact craters, possibly also pits and sinkholes, but its surface also could prove to be smooth. As for color, Ultima Thule should be darker than coal, burned by eons of cosmic rays, with a reddish hue. Nothing is certain, though, including its orbit, so big that it takes almost 300 of our Earth years to circle the sun. Scientists say they know just enough about the orbit to intercept it.COMPARING FLYBYSNew Horizons will get considerably closer to Ultima Thule than it did to Pluto: 2,220 miles versus 7,770 miles (3,500 kilometers vs. 12,500 kilometers). At the same time, Ultima Thule is 100 times smaller than Pluto and therefore harder to track, making everything more challenging. It took 4 ? hours, each way, for flight controllers at Johns Hopkins' Applied Physics Lab in Laurel, Maryland, to get a message to or from New Horizons at Pluto. Compare that with more than six hours at Ultima Thule.WHAT'S NEXTIt will take almost two years for New Horizons to beam back all its data on Ultima Thule. A flyby of an even more distant world could be in the offing in the 2020s, if NASA approves another mission extension and the spacecraft remains healthy. At the very least, the nuclear-powered New Horizons will continue to observe objects from afar, as it pushes deeper into the Kuiper Belt. There are countless objects out there, waiting to be explored. 4591

CARACAS, Venezuela — Six American oil executives held for three years in Venezuela have been found guilty of corruption charges and immediately sentenced to prison.The judge’s ruling Thursday came with sentences of more than eight years for each defendant.The verdicts dashed the hopes of relatives for a quick release that would send the men home to the United States.The so-called Citgo 6 had been lured to Venezuela three years ago for a business meeting and arrested. They are employees of the Houston-based Citgo refining company, which is owned by Venezuela’s state oil company, PDVSA.Attorneys and relatives of the executives say the men were wrongly convicted.“We, the family, are heartbroken to be separated even further from our loved ones,” Alirio Rafael Zambrano, whose two brothers were among the defendants, told The Associated Press. “We pray that the leaders of our nation step forward and continue to fight unceasingly for their freedom and human rights.”An attorney who represented three of the defendants called the judge's decision "void of any evidence." 1083

BUIZINGEN, Belgium (AP) — To ensure the merriment of millions of Belgian children, the government is offering a special exemption from the stringent coronavirus measures to beloved St. Nicholas. The saint always delivers bountiful presents on the morning of Dec. 6. In a tongue-in-cheek letter Thursday, Belgium's health and interior ministers soothed the worries of youngsters fearing they might go without presents. The officials said Nicholas wouldn’t have to quarantine after arriving in Belgium from Spain, where he lives, and would be able to walk rooftops to drop gifts into chimneys even during curfew hours. They wrote: "Do what you do best: make every child happy. We are counting on you.” 707

California regulators are considering a plan to charge a fee for text messaging on mobile phones to help fund programs that make phone service accessible to the poor.The California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) is set to consider the proposal in a vote scheduled for next month, according to The Mercury News.It's not clear how much mobile phone users would be asked to pay under the proposal, but it would likely be billed as a flat surcharge, not a per-text fee, according to the paper.And wireless industry and business groups are not "LOLing." The groups are reportedly already trying to defeat the proposal before it makes its way to the commission.“It’s a dumb idea,” Jim Wunderman, president of the Bay Area Council business-sponsored advocacy group, told the Mercury News. “This is how conversations take place in this day and age, and it’s almost like saying there should be a tax on the conversations we have.”The new surcharges could generate a total of about .5 million a year, according to business groups.The same groups warned that under the proposal's language, the charge could be retroactively be applied for five years, totaling more than 0 million for consumers, the paper reported.Click here for a look at the proposal.The proposal argues that the state's Public Purpose Program budget has increased from 0 million in 2011 to 8 million in 2016, while revenues funding the program from the telecommunications industry saw a "steady decline" from .5 billion in 2011 to .3 billion in 2017.The report calls this "is unsustainable over time."In a statement to the Associated Press, CPUC spokeswoman Constance Gordon said, "from a consumer's point of view, surcharges may be a wash, because if more surcharge revenues come from texting services, less would be needed from voice services." 1849

CARLSBAD, Calif. (KGTV) — The Dooley family woke up Wednesday morning to some deflated holiday joy outside their home on Highland Drive."A lot of sadness. It really broke our heart, " said homeowner Gavin Dooley.A check of the surveillance video revealed the culprit. Just before 3 a.m., a black SUV pulls up next to their home, as someone emerges from the passenger side and climbs over their four-foot gate. Moments later, the person throws himself onto a large inflatable of a Santa and his fish taco truck.The scrooge tore through their yard, destroying all of their giant Christmas inflatables."Must have had a good pop on the first one. Second one, he jumps on it twice," said Dooley.That inflatable was a 9-foot tall television, reflecting the images of a projector from the movie "A Christmas Story." The vandal then tackles the final inflatable, which sported North Pole penguins.The end result: 0 dollars worth of inflatables destroyed."Pretty unrepairable. Just like a balloon, they’re popped. There's a huge tear in them," said Dooley.Dooley, who has three children, says his youngest -- his 9-year-old son -- was the most distraught.Also dismayed, some neighbors who bring their toddler girl to see the inflatables every day. That morning, she was nearly in tears."She kept saying, 'Porque? Why? Why would they do this?'" said Dooley.It’s a question Dooley has asked himself. Why? And why at the end of a tough year when holiday cheer is so needed."We were hoping Christmas decorations would bring a lot of joy to people. This turns that joy into sadness," said Dooley.Dooley would like to put up some smaller inflatables but is worried they could also be targeted.The family has filed a police report. Anyone with information on the case is asked to call Carlsbad Police at 760-931-2197. 1812