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Too few new antibiotics are under development to combat the threat of multidrug-resistant infections, according to a new World Health Organization report published Tuesday. Adding to the concern: It is likely that the speed of increasing resistance will outpace the slow drug development process.As of May, a total of 51 antibiotics and 11 biologicals -- medical products often made from natural sources -- are being developed, the new report said."The idea is that biologicals could replace use of antibiotics, which could help in overcoming the resistance problem," Peter Beyer, an author of the report and senior adviser to the WHO's Department of Essential Medicines and Health Products, wrote in an email.Seemingly, this large number of potential new drugs should suffice, yet it is not nearly enough.First, just 33 of the antibiotics in the pipeline target priority pathogens. This year, the WHO published a list of a dozen "priority pathogens": 12 separate families of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health.Among the priority pathogens is a drug-resistant tuberculosis, which kills about 250,000 people around the world each year, and a variety of multidrug resistant strains -- Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and various Enterobacteriaceae -- which are responsible for infections in hospitals and nursing homes and among patients whose care requires ventilators and catheters.Of the 33 potential medicines for treating priority bug infections, only eight are innovative treatments. The other 25 are simple modifications of existing families of antibiotics. At best, then, the 25 will serve as short-term solutions since it is expected bacteria will quickly adapt to and resist these new (though somewhat familiar) drugs, according to the WHO."It is difficult to speculate why companies develop specific new medicines," Beyer noted. "But in general many new treatments do not necessarily constitute advances over existing treatments."TB infections require a combination of at least three antibiotics, according to the new report, yet only seven of the new TB medicines are even in clinical trials. Soon, there will be a serious lack of treatment options for this infection, the report warns.The same is true for gram-negative pathogens, which can cause severe, often deadly infections typically in hospitals and nursing homes.Gram-negative bacteria have more complex cell walls than gram-positive, explained Beyer. "In a nutshell, it is more complex to develop a novel antibiotic that can penetrate the complex gram-negative cell wall and stay inside the bacterium," he wrote.Finally, the WHO sees too few oral antibiotics being developed. These are necessary "to target the critical priority pathogens (and) be accessible in low- and middle-income countries," Beyer noted.To address the problem of developing new antibiotics, the WHO and the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative set up the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership. However, new drugs alone cannot combat the threat of antimicrobial resistance. The WHO is also working to improve infection prevention and control while developing guidance for the responsible use of antibiotics."Always seek medical advice before taking antibiotics and then always follow the advice of the health-care professional," Beyer noted.The new report is a "fantastic (and very useful!) summary" of the antibiotic situation, wrote Bill Hanage, an associate professor of epidemiology at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, in an email. Hanage, who has also published studies of antibiotic resistance, was not involved in the new report.Although the risk of getting a completely resistant infection is low in the United States, about 2 million people each year become infected with "resistant enough" bacteria that are harder to treat, Hanage said. And every year, more than 20,000 people die of these infections."More resistant infections don't just mean you or someone you care about is more likely to die from one, they also mean healthcare will get even more expensive," Hanage said. "Many of the procedures we take for granted in medicine, from cancer treatments to surgeries, depend on our ability to handle infections that happen in the course of treatment."The number of new drugs in development is simply not enough, he said."The great majority will not make it into the hands of doctors or your treatment," Hanage wrote. "As the report states, for drugs to be used in humans they have to pass 3 hurdles, the phase 1, 2 and 3 trials. Drugs entering that pipeline have just a 14% chance of getting all the way through to be used in humans." 4676

THORNTON, Colo. -- Police in Colorado say two people died and a third was transported to the hospital after a shooting at a Walmart Wednesday night. The third victim died of her injuries at the hospital. The two suspects believed to be involved in the shooting are still at large, according to law enforcement. Police were called to the store around 6 p.m., according to KGTV sister station KMGH. The store was evacuated as police arrived on scene.  472

Thomson International issued a voluntary recall Saturday for thousands of pounds of onions due to possible salmonella contamination.The recall includes red, yellow, white and sweet yellow varieties.The recall came a day after the CDC issued a food safety alert for onions produced by the company after nearly 400 people from 34 states had been sickened with salmonella. Fifty-nine of those who were sickened were hospitalized.According to the CDC's food alert, red onions are most likely the cause of the outbreak, but because of the way the onions are grown and harvested, other types may have been contaminated.According to the FDA, the onions were sold in mesh sacks as small as two pounds and in cartons as large as 50 pounds. They were shipped to grocery stores in all 50 states and Canada on May 1, and were sold under a variety of brand names.The CDC recommends throwing away all onions from Thomson International or its associated brands. If it's unclear who grew the onions, the CDC also recommends throwing them away.The agency also recommends cleaning and sanitizing any surfaces that may have come into contact with the onions, including countertops, refrigerator drawers, knives and cutting boards.Restaurant goers should also ask where establishments got their onions, and not order any meals with onions if it's unclear where they were produced.Salmonella usually presents with fever, diarrhea (which may be bloody), nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. People older than 65 and younger than 5 are more likely to suffer severe illness.The onions were sold under the following brand names: Thomson Premium, TLC Thomson International, Tender Loving Care, El Competitor, Hartley’s Best, Onions 52, Majestic, Imperial Fresh, Kroger, Utah Onions and Food Lion. 1778

This year, the "Annual Salute to Women in Sports" is going virtual.For the first time, the event will be streamed online for free. Those who will be recognized this year include the athletes and leaders who are using their voices and platforms to push for equality and justice.Alana Nichols is no stranger to adversity."I started off on a rocky foot, and I had every opportunity to go off the beaten path," Nichols said. "Whether that be drugs and alcohol or whatever that looked like or just hanging out with the wrong people."But Nichols says, every time, sports would reel her right back in. She was a fastpitch softball star and was on her way to play in college when a snowboarding accident left her paralyzed."In a moment my life was changed completely. I was hoping to go to college on a softball college scholarship; I had the world at my fingertips, and all of a sudden, I'm 17 years old and paralyzed," Nichols said.For a short time, Nichols lost her way without sports. Then, she discovered wheelchair basketball and says that's when she found herself again."That's one of the beauties and the magic about sport, is it makes you feel good," she said. "It makes you feel good to move, and everybody, regardless of their ability, should have the right and the opportunity to figure out how to move and to play."Fast forward to today, and Nichols' athletic resume is stacked: A three-time gold medalist, a dual-sport athlete in wheelchair basketball and alpine skiing, the first female American to win gold in both the summer and winter Paralympic Games."Sports absolutely changed my life, and it continues to benefit me in so many ways," Nichols said.Nichols is also a mother and is the current president of the Women's Sports Foundation, an organization that works to give everyone a chance to play."A lot of what we do is look at the general landscape of what's going on for girls and women in sports and asses the needs of what is not being met and help promote equality and justice in the sports world for girls and women," she said.This year's theme for the Annual Salute to Women in Sports is "Speak with Sport," which 2014 Olympic Ice Dance Champion Meryl Davis describes as celebrating what sports can do for the world."The world of sport, women in sport is so important and so getting a chance to come together and celebrate what sport can do for the world, uniting us and inspiring us is particularly important right now," Davis said. "I'm thrilled we'll get together virtually and do that."Davis started ice skating when she was five. After her Olympic win, she's spent her time traveling, touring and advocating for sports and women in sports.Like Nichols, she'll be part of the virtual salute, which supports the Women in Sports Foundation and many programs that expand access and opportunities for all girls and women in sports."We're hoping to raise .3 million, of course, but this gives us an opportunity to reach so many young women that wouldn't have ever been able to see what the women's sports foundation is about," she said.Nichols says it's the biggest night for Women in Sports, and it's a chance to celebrate the voice they're giving to the voiceless.The event will take place live on Yahoo Sports on Oct. 14. 3253

This morning, I tested positive for COVID-19. I am experiencing mild symptoms, and am following all appropriate protocols, including being in quarantine and conducting contact tracing.— Andrew H. Giuliani (@AndrewHGiuliani) November 20, 2020 249