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GUIYANG, Jan. 30 (Xinhua) -- Chen and her mentally handicapped son moved into their newly finished home last December. Shortly afterwards, a month-long cold wave with heavy snow hit their hometown, as well as the majority of southern China.It would have been "terrible" to stay in the old home in such cold weather, said 66-year-old Chen Houlian, a villager from the Tongzi County of southwestern China's Guizhou Province.Dropping temperatures and occasional sleet were predicted before this year's lunar New Year festival, which begins next Thursday.Behind the new home stood their old adobe cottage, with visible cracks on the clay walls. Wooden doors and window frames of that cottage were covered with black smoke due to more than 40 years of indoor cooking, while those of the new house were painted bright blue.In fact, the old house might collapse after the heavy snow, according to Jin Jing, deputy head of the County.Chen's family was one of the poorest in town. The farmland they grew crops on barely produced enough corn and cabbage to meet their needs, while the minimum living subsistence allowance of 2,200 yuan (334 U.S. dollars) each year was their total annual income.They would never be able to afford to build a new home on their own without receiving financial aid from a government project, Jin added.Chen's new house cost over 40,000 yuan. They received 20,000 yuan from the project and 5,000 from the local federation of people with disability. The rest was borrowed from relatives and neighbors.Five pairs of red couplets were posted by each door and window to express their gratitude to all the people who had offered help.On the day they moved in, Chen held an outdoor banquet for the entire village using borrowed money to mark the happiest event this family had witnessed for many decades.The government-funded project was launched over two years ago, after a deadly snow storm hit southern China during Jan-Feb 2008, collapsing nearly half a million rural houses and causing damage to another 1.7 million.The project was designed to provide funds to residents living in dilapidated buildings in impoverished rural regions so they might renovate or build new homes.In Guizhou alone, over 600,000 families had finished building new homes by the end of 2010 with help from that project, as over 4.7 billion yuan was allocated to subsidize this building.The project was part of China's efforts to build its social-security-based housing system, which also includes affordable housing, low-rent housing and public rental housing programs to meet the needs of low-income people amid surging property prices across the country.
WASHINGTON, April 3 (Xinhua) -- In the largest study of its kind, researchers from a consortium led by the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, the University of Miami, and the Boston University School of Medicine, identified four new genes linked to Alzheimer's disease. The findings appeared Sunday in the current issue of Nature Genetics.Each gene individually adds to the risk of having this common form of dementia later in life. These new genes offer a portal into what causes Alzheimer's disease and is a major advance in the field.The study, conducted by the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium, reports genetic analysis of more than 11,000 people with Alzheimer's disease and a nearly equal number of elderly people who have no symptoms of dementia. Three other consortia contributed confirming data from additional people, bringing the total number of people analyzed to over 54,000. The consortium also contributed to the identification of a fifth gene reported by other groups of investigators from the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and other European countries.The study is the result of a large collaborative effort with investigators from 44 universities and research institutions in the United States, led by Gerard Schellenberg at University of Pennsylvania."This is the culmination of years of work on Alzheimer's disease by a large number of scientists, yet it is just the beginning in defining how genes influence memory and intellectual function as we age. We are all tremendously excited by our progress so far, but much remains to be done, both in understanding the genetics and in defining how these genes influence the disease process," Schellenberg said.Until recently, only four genes associated with late-onset Alzheimer's have been confirmed, with the gene for apolipoprotein E-e4, APOE-e4, having the largest effect on risk. The Nature Genetics studies add another four -- MS4A, CD2AP, CD33, and EPHA1 -- and contribute to identifying and confirming two other genes, BIN1 and ABCA7, thereby doubling the number of genes known to contribute Alzheimer's disease.

JOHANNESBURG, March 8 (Xinhua) -- In order to combat piracy and to improve maritime safety, South African authorities have begun using a sophisticated navigation satellite system, it was announced on Tuesday.Piracy, especially by Somalis, has been increasing along Africa east coast in recent years. The South African Press Association (SAPA) reported on Tuesday that Karl Otto, head of the South African Maritime Safety Authority (SAMSA) announced the surveillance tool at a conference in Durban.Called Long Range Identification and Tracking (LRIT), the system monitors and tracks vessels in waters south of the equator.Otto said the introduction of the LRIT followed concerns over the safety of seafarers, the safety standards of ships within South African waters.Otto said there were high levels of cargo at risk, such as fuels and oils.He said reasons for installing the system included the number of shipwrecks along the South African coast, and the threat of pollution of the marine environment by ships."It also serves as a mechanism to prevent piracy."Otto said the satellite system has the capacity to identify and track vessels up to 1,000 nautical miles (1,850 km) from the South African coastline as well as South African-flagged vessels anywhere in the world."This is a revolutionary development in the security of our seas," he said.SAMSA was determined to protect South Africa's seafarers, its coastline and the marine environment, Otto said.
LOS ANGELES, April 20 (Xinhua) -- Hundreds of homes were evacuated on Wednesday in Monument, U.S. state of Colorado after hydrochloric acid was leaking from a train car, authorities said.The leak was first reported around 1 a.m. local time when a southbound train spotted a vapor trail on a northbound train, the Denver Post reported.Authorities first ordered the evacuation of some 255 homes, and later expanded the evacuation to an additional 160 homes, according to the report.Schools in the area were closed due to the leaking, the report said.A specialized crew from Texas has been dispatched to the scene to transfer the hydrochloric acid leaking from the train car and is expected to finish the job in four or five hours, weather permitting, the report quoted Sgt. Mike Schaller of the El Paso County Sheriff's Office as saying.The leak is contained but hydrochloric acid is still leaking slowly from the tanker, which holds 25,000-30,000 gallons, Schaller said.He said police went door-to-door notifying residents of a subdivision adjacent to the railroad tracks to evacuate as a precaution.No injuries have been reported, he said, but residents have been warned that they may have to be out of their homes until Friday as hazardous material crews offload the acid to another container.The northbound train originated in Kansas and was en route to Denver at the time, the Denver Post said.It's not yet known how much hydrochloric acid leaked from the train car.Once the leak is sealed, crews will remove the hydrochloric acid from the damaged car to a new car that will likely continue into Denver, according to the report.Monument is a town of 3,230 residents 88 kilometers south of Denver.
WELLINGTON, May 13 (Xinhua) -- While it's long been known that a little sunshine can spread happiness, researchers in New Zealand have found that it can also save the lives of pneumonia patients.Medical scientists have found that vitamin D, which is absorbed through the skin and produced with exposure to sunlight, is a major factor in the survival rate of pneumonia patients.Researchers at Waikato University collaborated with doctors at Waikato Hospital, both Hamilton-based institutions, to study blood samples of 112 patients admitted to the hospital with pneumonia during the winter.They found that those with severe vitamin D deficiency 17 of the patients were more likely to die within a month, compared with patients with normal or slightly low vitamin D levels.Dr Bob Hancox, of the hospital's department of respiratory medicine, said five of the 17 died, a 29-percent mortality rate, compared with four deaths among the 95 patients with higher vitamin D levels, a 4-percent mortality rate."The analysis confirmed that the difference in mortality rates between the two groups was very unlikely to be due to chance," Hancox told Xinhua.Vitamin D deficiency was a concern around the world, Hancox said."Sunlight is the main source of vitamin D, so it tends to be a winter problem in temperate climates when people spend a lot of time indoors. But it occurs in all countries and vitamin D deficiency is believed to be a major problem worldwide."There is accumulating evidence that we need vitamin D to help fight infections, such as pneumonia as we have shown, as well as improve bone health," he told Xinhua."What is not yet clear is whether we can do anything about it. We don't know whether treating people with vitamin D supplements would help to prevent or treat respiratory infections. This is what we need to find out now."Dr Ray Cursons, of the Biological Sciences department at Waikato University, said patient age, sex, additional health conditions, and other prognostic factors did not affect the research outcome, although researchers still could not establish a causal link between vitamin D deficiency and mortality in the patients.Waikato Hospital D respiratory specialist Dr Noel Karalus said it was not yet known whether giving patients vitamin D supplements after their admission to hospital with respiratory tract infections would alter outcomes."It may transpire that vitamin D helps us avoid infection rather than cure it once established."Cursons said the best source of vitamin D was sunlight as dietary sources such as fatty fish and cod liver oil did not contain enough vitamin D."There is still some controversy regarding the optimal daily allowance of vitamin D. How much we absorb through the skin depends on sun exposure, skin type and geographical latitude. M ori and Pacific Islanders absorb less because of their darker skin, and people in colder climates also have lower levels of vitamin D. "Pneumonia is the single largest cause of death in children worldwide, killing an estimated 1.6 million children under the age of five each year, according to the World Health Organization.The research findings are published in the journal Respirology, published by the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology, this month.
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