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The top U.S. public health agency stirred confusion by posting — and then taking down — an apparent change in its position on how easily the coronavirus can spread from person to person through the air.But officials at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say their position has not really changed and that the post last week on the agency’s website was an error that has been taken down.It was “an honest mistake” that happened when a draft update was posted before going through a full editing and approval process, said Dr. Jay Butler, the CDC’s deputy director for infectious diseases.The post suggested that the agency believes the virus can hang in the air and spread over an extended distance. But the agency continues to believe larger and heavier droplets that come from coughing or sneezing are the primary means of transmission, Butler said.Most CDC guidance about social distancing is built around that idea, saying that about 6 feet is a safe buffer between people who are not wearing masks.In interviews, CDC officials have acknowledged growing evidence that the virus can sometimes be transmitted on even smaller, aerosolized particles or droplets that spread over a wider area. Certain case clusters have been tied to events in which the virus appeared to have spread through the air in, for example, a choir practice. But such incidents did not appear to be common.Public health experts urge people to wear masks, which can stop or reduce contact with both larger droplets and aerosolized particles.But for months, agency officials said little about aerosolized particles. So when the CDC quietly posted an update Friday that discussed the particles in more detail, the agency’s position appeared to have changed. The post said the virus can remain suspended in the air and drift more than 6 feet. It also emphasized the importance of indoor ventilation and seemed to describe the coronavirus as the kind of germ that can spread widely through the air.The post caused widespread discussion in public health circles because of its implications. It could mean, for example, that hospitals might have to place infected people in rooms that are specially designed to prevent air from flowing to other parts of the hospital.But the CDC is not advising any changes in how far people stay away from each other, how they are housed at hospitals or other measures, Butler said.The CDC has come under attack for past revisions of guidance during the pandemic, some of which were driven by political pressure by the Trump administration.Butler said there was no external political pressure behind the change in this instance. “This was an internal issue,. And we’re working hard to address it and make sure it doesn’t happen again,” he said.In a statement released Monday, the CDC said the revisions to the “How COVID-19 Spreads” page happened “without appropriate in-house technical review.”“We are reviewing our process and tightening criteria for review of all guidance and updates before they are posted to the CDC website,” the statement said.At least one expert said the episode could further chip away at public confidence in the CDC.“The consistent inconsistency in this administration’s guidance on COVID-19 has severely compromised the nation’s trust in our public health agencies,” said Dr. Howard Koh, a Harvard University public health professor who was a high-ranking official in the Department of Health and Human Services during the Obama administration.“To rectify the latest challenge, the CDC must acknowledge that growing scientific evidence indicates the importance of airborne transmission through aerosols, making mask wearing even more critical as we head into the difficult fall and winter season,” Koh said in a statement.___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 3964

The state of Massachusetts has ordered that children 6 months of age or older must obtain a flu vaccine by the end of December to attend any daycare, school or college in the state starting in January.The August 20 announcement was met with protest on Sunday. Hundreds held a protest in Boston, demanding the state rescind the order."They are forcing to inject something into our child and we don't agree with it,” protester Mike Megna told WBZ."I've been really stressed out about it. I am thinking of having home schooling until this gets reversed, but I am not going to let them pressure me to get the flu shot,” Jennifer Cordy also told WBZ. Cordy is the mother of 10-year-old student Xavier Cordy.But officials say that the flu vaccine is an important way for public health officials to reduce hospitalizations and deaths, even though the vaccine won’t provide protection from the coronavirus.“Every year, thousands of people of all ages are affected by influenza, leading to many hospitalizations and deaths,” said Dr. Larry Madoff, a medical director with the state's Department of Public Health. “It is more important now than ever to get a flu vaccine because flu symptoms are very similar to those of COVID-19 and preventing the flu will save lives and preserve healthcare resources.”The state is providing exemptions for medical or religious based reasons. Massachusetts is also exempting K-12 homeschoolers as well as college students who are fully off campus and do not attend in-person classes. There is not an exemption for K-12 students who are partaking in virtual learning through their school. 1620

The Trump administration asked the Supreme Court on Monday to put on hold a federal appeals court ruling from last week that narrowed the scope of the travel ban as it applies to a certain class of refugees.In a brief filed with the Supreme Court, Justice Department lawyers said that a three-judge panel from the 9th US Circuit Court of Appeals was wrong to exempt those refugees who have a contractual commitment from resettlement organizations.In a one-sentence order issued Monday afternoon, Justice Anthony Kennedy -- who has jurisdiction over the 9th circuit -- granted the government a temporary stay until Tuesday in order to give the challengers time to respond to the government's petition.The travel ban bars people from Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen from entering the US.Last week, the lower court narrowed the scope of the travel ban for extended family members such as grandparents and refugees.In his filing, acting Solicitor General Jeff Wall said DOJ was only asking for a stay for the lower court ruling as it applies to the refugees. Wall said the administration has already been allowing in close family members, but allowing in the refugees would "upend the status quo and do far greater harm to the national interest."The issue of the scope of the ban has been playing out in the lower courts, but the Supreme Court is set to hear the larger issues concerning the merits of the case on October 11. 1442

The scariest thing at Wormtown Brewery in Worcester, Massachusetts this fall has nothing to do with Halloween. This small independent brewery ran out of aluminum cans for the first time in company history."We have had a couple of loads of cans canceled on us, but last week was the first time we truly ran out of cans," said co-owner David Field.Shipments of cans are becoming very rare for breweries and beverage producers nationwide. Americans are drinking less at bars and restaurants and more at home, putting greater demand on liquor stores and breweries like Wormtown.Typically, this craft beer producer would send out about 20 percent of their product in kegs to area bars, but because of the pandemic, close to 100 percent of the beer they produce is being sent directly to consumers."People drink more often at home; they drink more in small social circles," Field said.In the U.S., there are only a small handful of can distributors. Most years, they produced about 100 billion aluminum cans. However, this year, there's a nationwide shortage of close to 10 billion cans.Everyone-- from major soda companies to small craft breweries--has started to feel the impact. Part of the shortage is being caused by the explosion of hard seltzers into the market. Only making the situation worse, many recycling plants were forced to go offline during the spring.But, mostly, experts say the can shortage is simply being caused by supply and demand."It's going to catch up with everybody. If they haven’t been hit, they will be, and it looks like it’s gonna be a little while," Field added.Perhaps one of the biggest buzzkill for small breweries is if customers can’t find their product on a shelf, they might be gone for good and turn to another product that's more available. Field says that could have long-lasting impacts on his company's bottom line."That person who loves our beer might be introduced to somebody else’s beer they like and may not come back to us," he said.The problem is impacting brewers all over the country. The Brewers Association, which represents more than 5,000 breweries, says they're even hearing about some manufacturers having a difficult time getting glass bottles."There’s been a huge increase in demand for cans that then when the pandemic hit, was just accelerated. Not just with beer, but all package types to cans," explained Chuck Skypeck, who serves as the group's technical brewing projects manager.What it all means for the American consumer is fewer options for beer and other soft drinks as well. It’s a difficult task for the nation's brewers as they try their best to quench this country's thirst for beer. 2662

The Scripps National Spelling Bee has released the 27 titles that are on its 2020-21 Great Words, Great Works booklist.The list of books is for students that span from first to eighth grade and will help students prep for their annual school spelling bee with a list of 450 words that are on the School Spelling Bee Study List each year."Parents and teachers are always looking (especially during the summer) for reading suggestions for kids," The Scripps National Spelling Bee said. "The Scripps National Spelling Bee recognizes the important connection between reading and spelling. Before our competitors were great spellers, they were great readers. With that in mind, the Bee team intentionally selected its school-level spelling study words from engaging, age-appropriate books. The Bee organized those titles into the Great Words, Great Works book list. This year, students can expand their vocabularies and their world views while hearing from a diverse cast of characters on topics such as climate change, homelessness, immigration, gender identity, and the power of dreaming. Messages of friendship, hope, and overcoming adversity connect all 27 books, creating bridges between different cultures and life experiences."Here is a sampling of this year's Great Words, Great Works list:Sulwe by Lupita Nyong’oThe Dog Who Lost His Bark by Eoin ColferAda Twist and the Perilous Pants by Andrea BeatyWhales on Stilts by M.T. AndersonA Monster Like Me by Wendy S. SworeNo Fixed Address by Susin NielsenLily and Dunkin by Donna GephartThe Bone Houses by Emily Lloyd-JonesFor a Muse of Fire by Heidi HeiligThe Silmarillion by J.R.R. TolkienThe complete list is available on the Bee’s website. 1701