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As the polar ice caps retreat, polar bears could struggle to survive by the end of this century, a number of university researchers wrote in a study published in the Nature Climate Change journal.The study looked at a number of sub-species of polar bears who live in the arctic and how they have adapted to reduced sea ice from 1979 to 2016. The group of researchers said that all but a few sub-species of polar bears will be able to reproduce and survive given projected conditions by 2100.Polar bears use sea ice to capture seals for food. When sea ice erodes for the summer, polar bears fast. Although polar bears are capable of fasting for months, there are limits to how long the bears can go without food.The researchers examined energy needs of polar bears, and that the amount of time polar bears would fast would lengthen to a point that makes it too challenging to survive and reproduce.While resting female polar bears can generally fast for longer periods of time, reproducing females, males and cubs all require shorter fasting periods, the research found.“Avoiding continued sea-ice decline requires aggressively mitigating greenhouse gas rise,” the researchers wrote, “and our results explicitly describe the costs to polar bears of avoiding that mitigation.”To illustrate how much sea ice is being lost, NOAA is projecting that the arctic could have ice-free summers by 2042.Scientists have long discussed the possibility that polar bears could become nearly extinct by the end of the century. Beyond reducing carbon emissions, proposals have included relocating cubs to areas of the Arctic expected to retain higher levels of sea ice have been proposed. To read the full study, click here. 1714

At least 100,000 small businesses have had to close permanently in the last nine months, according to data gathered by Yelp. Millions more have dealt with temporary closures and major losses in revenue.Now, many remaining small businesses are reliant on a strong holiday shopping season, and there’s finally some good news for these business owners and their employees.For example, at the Boston area small business called Boing Toy Shop, owner Kim Mitchell has been working overtime for the pasting nine months. She has had drastically change her business model.“In certain ways, I feel like although I am in the same physical footprint, I am almost running a completely different business,” said Mitchell.Since the start of the pandemic, Mitchell has had to shift more than half of her business online and added curbside pickup to keep her toy shop out of the red.“In certain ways, I almost feel like we are part store-front, part warehouse,” she added.However, in many ways, she still feels lucky to have some form of her business when so many other small businesses have had to close.“One of the first ones, unfortunately, was the store right across the street from me,” said Mitchell.The boutique clothing store across the street from Boing is just one of an estimated 27 percent of small businesses that have closed across the country, according to a Harvard University Project. And without a strong holiday season, even more permanent closures are feared.So, how has the holiday shopping season been so far for small businesses?“I had by far my most successful small business Saturday, which I did turn into small business weekend. I sort of stretched it,” said Mitchell. “There definitely is a sense, and I have a sense from my customers, that they are making a conscious decision to support their local businesses.”From Boing to stores around the country, consumers opened their wallets more than ever on Small Business Saturday. According to Adobe Analytics data, they spent a record .7 billion just online.“Smaller retailers have seen a 501 percent increase in revenue through the holiday season so far relative to a typical day in October,” said John Copeland with Adobe Analytics,” “From a percentage increase, small and medium-sized businesses are outperforming in terms of percentage gains.”From Adobe’s holiday shopping data to the Boston toy shops’ experience, it is clear consumers are conscious of how much mom and pop businesses are struggling and how important it is to help them and the workers they employ."It is really nice that, especially in a time like this, where we really need the community’s support in return. They are coming out and realizing that ‘hey, these small businesses have been there for us for a long time; now it is time to get their back,’” added Mitchell. 2811

ATLANTA (AP) — Former President Jimmy Carter marks his 96th birthday Thursday, the latest milestone for the longest lived of the 44 men to hold the highest American office.Carter planned to celebrate at his home in Plains, Georgia, with his wife of 74 years, Rosalynn Carter, according to a spokeswoman for the Carter Center in Atlanta.The 39th president, in office from 1977-81, has largely receded from the public eye amid the coronavirus pandemic and his own health challenges due to a series of falls in 2019. He previously survived a dire cancer diagnosis in 2015.Yet Carter remains a quiet force still active in both politics at home and, through his post-presidential center, in public health and human rights advocacy around the world. 751

Attorney Michael Avenatti has been placed under arrest on suspicion of felony domestic violence and was booked early Wednesday evening.Los Angeles Police Department officer Jeff Lee said the domestic violence report was taken on Tuesday in West Los Angeles and the arrest was made Wednesday."We can confirm that today LAPD Detectives arrested Michael Avenatti on suspicion of domestic violence. This is an ongoing investigation and we will provide more details as they become available," the LAPD Twitter account posted Wednesday.In a statement, Avenatti called the allegations "completely bogus.""I wish to thank the hard working men and woman of the LAPD for their professionalism they were only doing their jobs in light of the completely bogus allegations against me," he said. "I have never been physically abusive in my life nor was I last night. Any accusations to the contrary are fabricated and meant to do harm to my reputation. I look forward to being fully exonerated."Avenatti posted ,000 bail and left police custody Wednesday evening. He told reporters waiting outside the station, "I have never struck a woman. I never will strike a woman.""I am confident I will be fully exonerated," he added.The alleged domestic assault incident was first reported by TMZ.Avenatti emerged this year as a regular antagonist of President Donald Trump, beginning with his legal representation of Stormy Daniels and his frequent media appearances. For months, he has publicly flirted with a potential bid for the Democratic presidential nomination to challenge Trump in 2020.The alleged domestic violence incident could dash Avenatti's prospects as a potential insurgent Democratic candidate and clash with the image he has presented of himself as an advocate for women, including Daniels in her clash with Trump and an accuser against recently confirmed Justice Brett Kavanaugh.The Vermont Democratic Party canceled Avenatti's appearances for Friday and Saturday following his arrest, and it will refund all ticket sales, said Christopher Di Mezzo, the party's communications director.The decision to cancel the events was made "almost immediately after the news broke," he said.The allegation would also mark another legal issue for the California attorney, whose firm settled a case with the IRS in July and was ordered?last month to pay a multimillion-dollar judgment over debt to a former law partner.Following his representation of Julie Swetnick for her allegations against Kavanaugh, Senate Judiciary Chairman Chuck Grassley said in October that he was referring Avenatti and Swetnick to the Justice Department. Avenatti said at the time that the referral was "baseless." Several Democrats said in the wake of Kavanaugh's confirmation that Avenatti and Swetnick's involvement damaged their efforts?to prevent Kavanaugh's confirmation -- a charge Avenatti denied. 2914

As this active hurricane season continues. more coastal cities are changing how they build as a way to prevent against the effects of climate change.In Margate, New Jersey, a city of 6,000 people just south of Atlantic City, a -million beach replenishment project completed in 2017 created an eight-mile stretch of dunes along the beach to protect homes against storm surge from hurricanes and nor’easters.The project involved pumping 3.8 million cubic yards of sand from the ocean floor onto the beach. The sand was used to create a berm along the west side of the beach, closest to the homes, that could protect against storm surges of up to 15 feet while more sand was placed along the shoreline, extending the beach and moving the waves further away from properties.“I think the beach replenishment project is very important,” said Nee Jersey Department of Environmental Protection chief resiliency officer Dave Rosenblatt. “Without it, we would’ve expected to see a lot more damage from Sandy and frankly, normal nor’easters.”Superstorm Sandy in the fall of 2012 was the catalyst for the project. The storm’s worst damage was felt about 100 miles north of Margate where the boardwalk was ripped up and homes were left without power for days, and in some cases, weeks.“After Sandy, it was very easy to compare the areas that had beach replenishments and dunes to those that did not,” said Rosenblatt.But Margate is just an example of several coastal cities around the country that are doing things differently.“As the sea level rises, most people are more worried about what’s going to be underwater. That’s not as important as the flood plane is expanding,” said Galen Newman, associate professor of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning at Texas A&M. “I think there are many cities exploring options.”After Hurricane Harvey, Houston built more greenspace in its downtown area so water could better drain. On the Texas coast, near Galveston, engineers have been considering a dike to stop flooding. After Hurricane Ike in 2008, the area withstood billions in damages, and experts worry the next strong storm to target the area could cause catastrophic effects to the economy as the area is America's leading producer of petroleum.Furthermore, in parts of Florida, new building codes now mandate buildings withstand winds of up to 130 MPH,, a low-end Category 4 hurricane. A study by the Institute for Business and Home Safety found the change has worked as insurance claims have gone down in number and severity since the year 2000. 2556

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