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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Santa Ana winds have fueled the most destructive wildfires in San Diego’s history, including the Cedar Fire in 2003 and the Witch Creek Fire in 2007.But why do Santa Anas form and what makes them so effective at spreading fire?Typically, during the day, San Diego’s winds blow from the ocean to the shore. These onshore winds tend to carry a lot of water vapor.However, Santa Ana winds blow the opposite direction, from the east to the west, and they have all the ingredients fires need to spread.“Strong winds,” said National Weather Service San Diego meteorologist Philip Gonsalves. “They’re typically very dry, and we usually end up with warmer conditions.”Strong. Dry. Hot. A fourth key factor elevating the fire danger is the timing of this wind pattern.“They typically occur in the fall, which is that time of the year when the fuel moistures are very low, and so the fuels are primed for ignition,” Gonsalves said.Winds flow from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. Santa Anas form when there is high pressure over the Great Basin, located in Nevada and parts of Utah, and low pressure over Southern California.The winds are coming from the desert, but that’s not why they’re hot. They are hot for the same reason that air coming out of a bicycle pump is hot, Gonsalves said. It’s because the air is getting compressed.As the winds flow west out of the Great Basin, they travel over mountains. At high elevations, the air is very cool, but as the winds move downslope into lower elevations where the pressure is higher, the air gets compressed. That compression rapidly drives up the temperature in what’s called the Adiabatic Process.This process also dries out the air, and dry air can heat up much faster.As the winds move downslope, they pass over ridges and through canyons, which act like funnels, speeding up the winds.Santa Ana winds can pop up any time the Great Basin is cooler than Southern California, typically from September to May. But peak season is considered to be October.The Santa Ana event on Tuesday is falling a little before the peak season because of the positioning of highs and lows in the Northern Hemisphere, Gonsalves said, but the end result is the same: strong, dry, warm winds and extreme fire danger. 2281

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Seven people were hospitalized Tuesday after two multi-vehicle crashes on Interstate 5 in the Torrey Pines area.The crashes were reported on southbound I-5 near State route 56 just before 1 p.m. Two car crashes — one four-car crash and one three-car crash — occurred in the area, forcing a complete shut down of I-5 for about an hour, according to California Highway Patrol officer Jim Bettencourt.At one point, the CHP's incident log listed as many as a dozen vehicles possibly involved in the crash. The two crashes caused a traffic backup extending to Loma Santa Fe Dr. in Solana Beach.Seven people were taken to Scripps La Jolla Hospital with moderate injuries, according to San Diego Fire-Rescue spokesperson Mónica Mu?oz.The cause of the crashes was not immediately known. 805

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - San Diego’s unemployment rate fell to 2.9 percent in April, the lowest rate yet in this century.1,577,000 people were part of the San Diego labor force last month, according to the California Employment Development Department.Only 46,200 people did not have jobs.California’s unemployment rate was at 4.2 percent in April, the lowest level since 1976.San Francisco and Marin Counties had the lowest unemployment rate of 2.1 percent.The highest unemployment rates were in Colusa County, at 15 percent, and Imperial County, at 14.4 percent. 565

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- San Diego residents will have their chance to weigh in on the county's .4 billion budget for the fiscal year 2020-21, during two virtual public hearings this week.The proposed budget includes 0 million dedicated to testing, medical supplies, food distribution, and other needs related to the COVID-19 public health crisis. The budget also calls for the establishment of a new office of Equity and Racial Justice.Another million is earmarked for technological resources related to behavioral health services, including telehealth, electronic health record upgrades, outreach and engagement, workforce recruitment, and retention.The proposed spending plan is 9 million -- or 2.5% -- larger than the last fiscal year's budget.Residents can share their opinions on how they believe the money should be distributed on Monday at 9 a.m.There is another public meeting scheduled on August 12th at 5:30 p.m.County supervisors will vote on formally adopting the budget during their August 25th meeting.The public health crisis has pushed back a formal approval of the budget, which usually happens in June. 1136

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - San Diego Sector Border Patrol Chief Rodney Scott took 10News on a tour of the U.S.-Mexico border Friday to explain what works - and what doesn’t - for his department. 10News asked Scott about the impact of the government shutdown on Border Patrol agents. As of Dec. 22, the group is among those working without pay. Scott said both border security and the morale of the people who work for him will be challenged if the shutdown gets drawn out. Politicians continue to fight over funding for a border wall and lost in the bickering may be the language. President Trump continues to fight for “a wall.” And yet, earlier this week his Chief of Staff John Kelly told the Los Angeles Times that the idea of a solid concrete wall was abandoned early in the administration. Wall, fence, whatever you want to call it, no one knows what’s needed most for border security than border agents themselves. RELATED: Six takeaways: President Trump talks shutdown, the wall, San Diego borderDuring our crew’s tour with Chief Scott, we witnessed migrants crossing illegally over an outdated fence. "So, on January 1, this wire was not here either," said Scott. He pointed to a section of an old, outdated border fence made of steel slats once used as runway mats for the military. Scott tried to make his case that no matter what happens in Washington D.C., his agents are the ones in the real fight. RELATED: San Diego lawmakers respond to Trump's border wall comments"On January 1 the people throwing rocks were up on top of that berm," said Scott, pointing to an area where migrants had high ground on his border agents. Scott gave our crew a tour of where the most recent confrontation took place with migrants trying to cross the border. He said his agents had to use tear gas after rocks were thrown from Mexico and claimed assaults on his agents are up 300 percent this fiscal year. Scott confirmed one of his agents was hit in the face with a rock. “But he had a riot helmet and shield on, so he wasn't seriously injured,” Scott said. RELATED: Trump says he may build wall without Congressional approvalThe biggest problem, Scott said, is the outdated and ineffective fence. In some cases, there is no way for his agents to see who's on the other side and if they pose a danger. And while Congress and the White House argue over a border wall, Scott and his agents at least have a small saving grace. "All of this, that you have here, is just within the last couple of weeks? This was in the last week," said Scott, proudly pointing out a new portion of fence. The new replacement fence was funded before President Trump came into office and was shown to our crew by Border Patrol for the first time. Eventually it will be 14 miles long, and 18 feet high on average, even taller in other areas. And for Border Patrol agents, it’s a game changer in border security. This new fence has concrete that runs 6 feet below the surface, so migrants are unable to dig under the fence. Steel bollards, encased in concrete, are separated by mere inches allowing agents to see what's on the other side. In some areas, the wall is 30 feet high. That's a significant upgrade from other areas of the outdated fence where human traffickers can cut through the metal. RELATED: TSA screeners, working without pay, calling out sick at major airports during shutdown"On average there's 3 and a half breaches in this per day," said Chief Scott, indicating patches in the fence that have been sawed through. "To jump the legacy landing mat fence, run up and start a cut in this fence big enough that you can actually get people through, is less than 2 minutes total time." As Scott spoke with 10News, three migrants jumped the old fence, but had no desire to cut through the secondary fence and escape. They quickly surrendered to a Border Patrol agent. "When that happens there is a high probability that they are going to claim asylum,” said Scott. “What that really means is that they just cut the line in front of a couple of thousand people that are doing it right and are waiting at the port of entry." 4106

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