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WASHINGTON (AP) — For much of the United States, invasive grass species are making wildfires more frequent, especially in fire-prone California, a new study finds.Twelve non-native species act as "little arsonist grasses," said study co-author Bethany Bradley, a University of Massachusetts professor of environmental conservation.Wherever the common Mediterranean grass invades, including California's southern desert, fires flare up three times more often. And cheatgrass , which covers about one-third of the Intermountain West, is a big-time fire promoter, Bradley said."I would not be surprised at all if invasive grasses are playing a role in the current fires but I don't think we can attribute to them directly," Bradley said.University of Utah fire expert Phil Dennison, who wasn't part of the study but says it makes sense, said, "In a lot of ways, California was ground zero for invasive grasses. Much of California's native perennial grassland was replaced by Mediterranean annual grasses over a century ago. This study doesn't look at invasive grasses in the areas that are burning in California, but invasive grasses are contributing to the fires there."Experts say the areas burning now in California are more shrubs and grasses than forests, despite what President Donald Trump tweeted over the weekend."This is a global problem," said University of Alberta fire expert Mike Flannigan, who wasn't part of the study but said it makes sense. "I think with climate change and human assistance we are moving to a grass world. One region they should have mentioned is Hawaii where wildfires are increasing in large part due to invasive grasses."Invasive species are spreading more because of climate change as warmer weather moves into new areas, said study lead author Emily Fusco, also of the University of Massachusetts. New England and the Mid-Atlantic are seeing new invasive and more flammable grasses, Bradley said.The study in Monday's journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences looks at the connections between a dozen species of invasive grasses and fires nationwide, finding fires occur more often in places with the non-native grasses. But the study did not find a link between invasive grasses and the size of the fires.Four of these species, including cheatgrass and common Mediterranean grass, are in California. These grasses get dry and then watch out, Fusco said."When you start a fire normally you want kindling," Fusco said. "The grasses are, more or less, like kindling"If someone lights a match and throws in the middle of a forest, it is unlikely a fire will start, but throw it in a field of cheatgrass "and odds are that it's going to catch," Bradley said."We are the reason that invasive species are here. We are the reason that they get spread around," Bradley said.Flanagan noted that invasive plants that are not grasses also feed the wildfire problem.While most outside experts said the study was important, wildfire expert LeRoy Westerling at the University of California, Merced said that with wildfires the size is key so this study is less valuable because it measures frequency.While size matters in forest fires, study author Bradley said mid to small size fires are the ones "in everybody's backyard" and affect people and their buildings more. 3313

WASHINGTON (AP) — Former special counsel Robert Mueller is sharply defending his investigation into ties between Russia and Donald Trump’s 2016 presidential campaign. Mueller writes in a newspaper opinion piece Saturday that the probe was of “paramount importance” and asserts that Trump ally Roger Stone “remains a convicted felon, and rightly so” despite the president’s decision to commute his prison sentence. The op-ed in The Washington Post marks Mueller’s first public statement on his investigation since his congressional appearance last July. It's his firmest defense of the two-year probe whose results have come under attack and even been partially undone by the Trump administration.RELATED: President Trump commutes prison sentence of political ally Roger Stone 783

WASHINGTON (AP) — President Donald Trump has signed legislation into law that will devote nearly billion annually to conservation projects, outdoor recreation and maintenance of national parks and other public lands.The Great American Outdoors Act authorizes spending about 0 million a year, double current spending, on the popular Land and Water Conservation Fund.It would authorize another .9 billion a year to be spent to make improvements at national parks, forests, wildlife refuges and range

VISTA, Calif. (KGTV) — A group of teachers with the Vista Unified School District rallied Thursday against the district's current reopening plan.The district's Board of Education voted late Thursday to finalize a plan to bring students and teachers back to in-person learning on Oct. 20. The group of teachers say there's now a chance they hold a vote over whether to vote of no confidence in the district's superintendent on Monday."We now face a rush to open without the protocols in place to ensure the health and safety of all stakeholders. School board members’ openly dismissive behavior toward educators and their safety concerns is hurtful and disappointing to every committed educator who calls VUSD their professional home," said Keri Avila, president of the Vista Teachers Association. "We are extremely disappointed in the lack of concern expressed at last night’s board meeting for the health and safety of students, teachers, and staff. We have scheduled and emergency executive board meeting to determine next steps."The board heard from parents and teachers on both sides. Some said they are for the full reopening, while others said bringing students back at normal capacity is too risky.Many teachers have expressed concerns that the plan just isn't safe enough during a pandemic."I think it's reckless, I think it's misguided," said Craig Parrot, an eighth-grade science teacher at Roosevelt Middle School. "There are entire schools in our district that don't have windows that open, kids are coming in without temperature checks."Parents that want to keep their students in virtual distance learning may do so.While many school districts have limited the number of students returning in-person, Vista Unified's website states, "It is important to note that while many health and safety precautions are in place for the Vista Classic learning model, all classrooms will have the normal amount of students enrolled. This means that while we will be following social distancing procedures, student seating arrangements will be less than six feet apart."Parrott said he was able to continue with distance learning because a colleague who teaches the same subject will return in-person. "The kids are too close, we have desks that are 6 inches or 12 inches apart," said Parrott.The Vista Teachers Association (VTA) sent ABC 10News pictures showing what they call a lack of spacing in between desks in some classrooms.Members of the VTA worry about the spread of COVID-19 as teachers and students return to school. Avila started a petition demanding that the Vista Unified Board of Education Trustees modify the reopening plans."We want our district to mitigate the 'Four C's', that is close, closed, crowded and continuous," said Avila. "They're going to be in crowded conditions especially if we have 38 kids in a room at one time."The district's Superintendent of Schools, Dr. Matt Doyle, sent the following statement to ABC 10News. 2958

Want to know how old your dog is in human years? A new study states that calculating every dog year isn't equal to 7 human years.That's because your dog ages differently than you.Researchers at the University of California San Diego’s school of medicine said in a news release that a 1-year-old dog is similar to a 30-year-old person. But a 4-year-old pup is identical to a 52-year-old human."The formula is based on the changing patterns of methyl groups in dog and human genomes — how many of these chemical tags and where they’re located — as they age," researchers said in the release. "Since the two species don’t age at the same rate over their lifespans, it turns out it’s not a perfectly linear comparison, as the 1:7 years rule-of-thumb would suggest."This graph formula, which was created from the study, will match up the age of your dog with the comparable human age.Lead researcher Trey Ideker said that dogs that are younger age faster compared to humans.“This makes sense when you think about it — after all, a nine-month-old dog can have puppies, so we already knew that the 1:7 ratio wasn’t an accurate measure of age," Ideker said.For the new study, which was published in the journal Cell Systems, samples of blood from 105 Labrador retrievers were studied.Researchers plan to study other dog breeds to see if their method holds up. 1359

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