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The Oxford University Press, which oversees various dictionaries including the Oxford English Dictionary, has updated their definition of “woman” and “man.”"We have expanded the dictionary coverage of 'woman' with more examples and idiomatic phrases which depict women in a positive and active manner," according to a statement from OUP. "We have ensured that offensive synonyms or senses are clearly labelled as such and only included where we have evidence of real world usage."For example, one of the definitions of “woman” now refers to a “person’s wife, girlfriend, or female lover,” and does not include language tying them to a man.In addition, the definition of “man” and “woman” were updated to include gender-neutral terms and references to “sexual attractiveness or activity.”The changes come after a 2019 Change.org petition that called for OUP to remove “sexist” terms for a woman. The petition cited examples from OUP based on the Oxford English Dictionary’s definition: “I told you to be home when I get home, little woman” and also “Ms September will embody the professional, intelligent yet sexy career woman.”The petition also noted there were 25 examples listed for “man” and only 5 listed for “woman.”OUP told CNN their lexicographers are reviewing examples in his dictionaries to make sure they are more representative. Some synonyms were removed, like “wench”, others were kept but have a label added noting the terms are offensive, derogatory or dated.The definition of “housework” was also updated to remove gender; instead of “she still does all the housework,” an example was changed to “I was busy doing housework when the doorbell rang.” 1673
The interest rate on the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage remained near record lows in June and is likely to stay there in July.The 30-year fixed averaged 3.33% APR in the first four weeks of June, a smidgen lower than the 3.37% average APR in May and 3.36% in April. June’s rate average was the lowest in the four-year history of NerdWallet’s daily rate survey.A mission to reduce ratesMortgage rates were remarkably anchored from April through June after the Federal Reserve intervened to stabilize rates and push them down.But the Fed’s intervention hasn’t been entirely successful: Although mortgage rates have been remarkably stable, they’re stuck at a higher-than-expected level. To put it more bluntly, rates should be lower.Since March, the central bank has bought billions of dollars’ worth of Treasurys and mortgage bonds “to sustain smooth market functioning, thereby fostering effective transmission of monetary policy to broader financial conditions,” as the Fed explained in a June 10 statement.Dissecting that short passage:The Fed is saying that its goal is to push interest rates, including mortgage rates, lower. That’s what “transmission of monetary policy to broader financial conditions” means.It’s trying to accomplish that goal by buying Treasurys and mortgage bonds to calm and stabilize those markets. Stabilizing markets is a method, not the goal.? MORE: How mortgage rates are determinedFed failed to make a bigger splashThe Fed has succeeded in calming the waters. That’s why there were ripples, not waves, in fixed mortgage rates from April through June. But it has only partially succeeded in its goal to push interest rates lower. For the Fed to declare victory in “fostering effective transmission of monetary policy to broader financial conditions,” mortgage rates would have to fall another half a percentage point or so.With its intervention, the Fed decreased Treasury yields and mortgage rates. But the results are unequal: Since January, the 10-year Treasury yield has fallen a little over one percentage point, while the 30-year mortgage has fallen about half a percentage point. Normally, the two would fall roughly the same amount.Rates slow to sync with TreasurysWhy haven’t mortgage rates fallen further? You might guess that lenders are keeping rates elevated to offset the risk of mortgages going into default during the COVID-19 recession. But mortgage rates tend to fall during recessions.? MORE: What COVID-19 means for mortgage ratesMaybe mortgage servicers, the companies that collect monthly payments and work with past-due borrowers, want to be paid for the increased risk they bear, and it’s translating to higher rates. Maybe an undetected economic force keeps a floor on mortgage rates, preventing the 30-year fixed from falling below 3% and lingering there.A more plausible theory is that mortgage rates will follow historical patterns and shamble lower until they’ve fallen roughly the same as Treasury yields. That’s the conclusion that Bill Emmons, economist for the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, makes in a paper titled “Why Haven’t Mortgage Rates Fallen Further?”Using history as a guide, Emmons writes, “we would expect a further decline in mortgage rates of perhaps 0.5 percentage points.” If he’s right, mortgage rates might drop in July.Don’t count on it, though. Not after these two months of stability; rates might continue to tread water.More From NerdWalletCompare current mortgage ratesHow much home can I afford?Buying or selling a home during the pandemicHolden Lewis is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: hlewis@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @HoldenL. 3623

The race for a COVID-19 vaccine appears to be on the horizon. But without large numbers of Americans getting the vaccine, the notion of herd immunity could be a challenge. Some are pondering whether people should be required to get a vaccine.Coronavirus cases are spiking across most of the country. Hospital ICU beds are becoming scarce, and a number of states are warning of potential lockdowns.“If they don’t start to bend this curve, then it is clear that we’re going to have to take more difficult measures and go to a stay-at-home order,” said Illinois Governor JB Pritzker.But there was some good news this week. Pfizer concluded phase three of its vaccine study. The two-shot course they say is 95 percent effective against COVID-19. Earlier in the week, Moderna said its vaccine is 94.5 percent effective.“Based upon the preliminary data that is out there, these vaccines appear to be quite safe and very, very effective at preventing COVID,” said Dr. Tina Tan, a professor of infectious disease at Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine and a pediatrician at the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital in Chicago.If green-lit by the FDA, one question that may arise is whether Americans should be mandated to get vaccinated. In August, Dr. Anthony Fauci weighed in.“You don’t want to mandate and try and force anyone to take the vaccine. We’ve never done that,” said Fauci.According to a Pew Research survey in September, about half of U.S. adults (49 percent) said they definitely or probably would not get vaccinated. That was up from 27 percent in May.“I think it's going to be really important to build public trust before we talk about mandating vaccines for adults or even for children,” said Tan.Tan points out that none of the vaccines have been tested in children, and so, school mandated vaccinations could be years away.Still, legal scholars say local vaccine mandates have historically had solid legal precedent for enforcement for more than a century.“The short answer is yes, a vaccine can be mandated under the law,” said Juliet Sorensen, a professor of health and human rights at Northwestern University’s Pritzker School of Law.Sorensen says it’s still a complex question, not just about whether a vaccine can be mandated, but whether it should be.“The Constitution empowers state and local governments to take measures in furtherance of the public health as long as there is a basis in science for doing so,” she explained.And while few are endorsing a vaccination mandate right now, as the death toll climbs without universal mask-wearing and social distancing, it could be up for further debate. 2655
The Harvard Global Health Institute released an interactive map in July that shows the risk of contracting the coronavirus based on daily new cases per 100,000 people. At the time the map was released, three states were in the red. As of Monday, that number has since increased to 13.According to Harvard, the 13 states represent ones where full stay-at-home orders are necessary, while an additional 23 should consider them.The map has four colors – green, yellow, orange and red – to demonstrate the risk by county and state. The map shows 13 states – North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Wisconsin, Utah, Missouri, Idaho, Iowa, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Tennessee, Nebraska and Wyoming – in the red for where infections are high.“If you look at the map with the color coding of cases and states that are going up, you see states in the Northwest and the Midwest, it's going in the wrong direction right now,” Dr. Anthony Fauci told CNN’s Jake Tapper on Monday. “So, if there's anything we should be doing, we should be doubling down in implementing the public health measures that we have been talking about for so long, which are keeping a distance, no crowds, wearing masks, washing hands, doing things outside, as opposed to inside, in order to get those numbers down.”As these states start to get colder, Fauci is concerned the virus will become even trickier to contain.“We're entering into the cool months of the fall and ultimately the cold months of the winter,” Fauci said. “And that's just a recipe of a real problem, if we don't get things under control before we get into that seasonal challenge."According to the Harvard Global Health Institute, when areas are shaded red, stay-at-home orders become necessary.Unlike Harvard’s recommendations, Fauci says that shutdowns can be avoided.“I think people think that, when we talk about public health, that we're talking about shutting down,” Fauci said. “Let's get that off the table. We are not talking about shutting down. We're talking about simple public health measures, as simple as they sound, are really quite effective. And that's what we say over and over again, universal wearing of masks, keep physical distance, above all, avoid crowds and congregate settings.”No states are in the green.Two states that were in the red early in the summer, Florida and Arizona, have dropped out of the red. Florida, now in the orange, is ranked No. 28 for most coronavirus infections. Arizona now is No. 38 in the US for COVID-19 infections.In general, the worst effects of the coronavirus have moved from the northeast in the spring to the south in the summer and to the upper Plains and Northern Rockies now in the fall.In North Dakota, there are currently 158 hospitalized “due to COVID,” and 233 hospitalized “with COVID.”A number of states, even those outside of the “red” areas, are seeing record numbers of cases. On Friday, Ohio set its record number of reported cases with 1,840. Ohio Gov. Mike DeWine, a first-term Republican, expressed concern in a news conference last Friday.“We have it in our power to slow it down. I know everyone is tired, but we must learn to live with it. Distance and masks are essential,” DeWine told Ohioans.COVID RISK LEVEL: GREEN- Less than one case per 100,000 people- On track for containment- Monitor with viral testing and contact tracing programCOVID RISK LEVEL: YELLOW- 1-9 cases per 100,000 people- Community spread- Rigorous test and trace programs advisedCOVID RISK LEVEL: ORANGE- 10-24 cases per 100,000 people- Accelerated spread- Stay-at-home orders and/or rigorous test and trace programs advisedCOVID RISK LEVEL: RED- 25 or more cases per 100,000 people- Tipping point- Stay-at-home orders necessaryClick here to view the map. 3741
The Honda CR-V, one of the most popular vehicles in America, is plagued by a potentially dangerous engine problem that could cause the small SUVs to lose power or even stall, according to Consumer Reports magazine.In some CR-Vs, gasoline can leak into the SUV's engine oil. That can eventually cause the engine to lose power or stall completely. Several Consumer Reports subscribers reported the issue which has also been the subject of of dozens of complaints to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, according to the magazine. Many more owners have complained of the problem in online forums, Consumer Reports said.Several CR-V owners have posted complaints with NHTSA reporting a strong smell of unburned gasoline as a result of fuel getting into the engine's lubricating oil.A Honda spokesman took issue with Consumer Reports' contention that the problem is widespread, saying there are hundreds of thousands of CR-Vs on the road so a problem affecting even a tiny percentage of them could result in a fairly large number of complaints.Honda's Chris Martin said the automaker is working to figure out a fix for the problem and hopes to have one ready by mid-November. Honda does not consider the problem to be a safety threat requiring a recall. Owners with concerns about the problem should visit a Honda dealer for an inspection. Any needed repairs will be covered under their warranty, the automaker said.Consumer Reports counters that the issue is, indeed, safety related."There are many ways stalling can be a safety issue, so if these cars are stalling, they need to be recalled," said David Friedman, vice president for Advocacy at Consumer Reports and a former acting NHTSA director.The problem occurs in 2017 and 2018 CR-Vs with Honda's new 1.5-liter turbocharged engine. Somehow, gasoline is getting into the car's lubricating oil which should not normally happen, Consumer Reports said. That dilutes the engine oil making it less effective at lubricating the engine. Over time, that can lead to engine damage and loss of power or stalling, especially on cold days or in heavy traffic.Honda says the problem has occurred mostly in northern parts of the country during short drives in extreme cold weather. Consumer Reports said the problem had been reported to the magazine by CR-V owners as far south as Texas and New Mexico.Honda spokesman Martin took issue with Consumer Reports' contention that the problem is geographically more widespread than the automaker says. Honda also pointed out that it is normal for small amounts of gasoline to find their way into the engine's oil but it usually burns away during continued driving."While others may easily complain online of experiencing something similar under other circumstances," Martin said in an email, "it is premature and a bit irresponsible to link them all together without physical inspections of the vehicles, which is what [Consumer Reports] has done here."Honda has recalled CR-Vs in China for a similar issue. But, Honda said those vehicles do not have precisely the same engine used in CR-Vs sold in the United States,When an automaker issues a safety recall in the United States, it is legally required to fix the problem, at no charge to the owner, in all potentially affected vehicles. Automakers frequently do other sorts of updates and fixes to vehicles, at their discretion, without necessarily fixing the problem in all vehicles. 3439
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