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BEIJING, Aug. 16 (Xinhuanet) -- Almost one in four Chinese students aged between 12 and 14 have tried smoking, according to the results of a survey released by the Chinese Association on Tobacco Control (CATC).The survey, carried out among 38,839 students and 6,503 teachers from middle and high schools in 11 provinces across the country between May and June, showed that 22.5 percent of students aged between 12 and 14 had tried smoking and that 15.8 percent of middle and high school students smoke regularly."There are definitely quite a number of boy students in my class who smoke regularly as some have been found smoking outside campus during lunch break," said Li Xiaolan, an English teacher from a high school in Shanghai. The survey also found that 39 percent of students took their first cigarette from their classmates."It was quite common to smoke with my classmates at school and we usually smoked in toilets or in corners of the playground after lunch," said Zhou Guangrong, a 22-year-old university student from Guiyang, Guizhou province, who started smoking when he was 12.The majority of student smokers buy cigarettes themselves and about 76 percent of the adolescent smokers said that there is at least one cigarette shop within 200 meters from their school."When I was a student at middle and high schools, they were surrounded by cigarette shops," said Zhou who used to smoke two cigarettes per day in primary school and two packs per week in middle and high school."We're keen to show that more adolescents are starting smoking much younger than before, and that we need to minimize the number of young smokers," said Duan Jiali, secretary-general of the youth tobacco control commission under CATC. Duan added that teachers and parents should set a good example for teenagers by not smoking in front of them at school or at home, which is the most influential way of stopping adolescents from smoking.China banned smoking in 16 types of public indoor venues - including hospitals, schools, bars, restaurants and hotels - on May 1 in an attempt to curb tobacco use in the country with the world's largest number of smokers.Currently, there are more than 300 million smokers in China, and about 1.2 million people die from smoking-related diseases every year, accounting for one-fifth of the world's total, according to statistics from the World Health Organization."Meanwhile, about 540 million people are exposed to secondhand smoke, 48.9 percent of which are adolescents (from 15 to 19 years old)," said Xu Guihua, deputy director of the CATC."It's essential and urgent for us to control the number of adult smokers who potentially tempt adolescents to smoke."

BEIJING, Sept. 6 (Xinhuanet) -- Scientists from Tufts University of the U.S. have created the world's smallest electrical motor in a single molecule.The finding was published in the journal Nature Nanotechnology on Monday.In the research, scientist successfully made a single molecule accept an electrical charge and rotate as fast as 120 revolutions per second."This is the first time that electrically-driven molecular motors have been demonstrated, despite a few theoretical proposals," said Charles H. Sykes, professor of chemistry at Tufts who led the team.The single molecule electric motor could lead to new types of electrical circuitry, giving hope for scientists to apply it in medicine and engineering, he said."The next thing to do is to couple it to other molecules, lining them up next to one another so they're like miniature cog-wheels, and then watch the rotation propagation down the chain," said Sykes.

WASHINGTON, July 15 (Xinhua) -- Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine have found that grape seed polyphenols -- a natural antioxidant -- may help prevent the development or delay the progression of Alzheimer's disease.The research, led by Giulio Pasinetti, was published online Friday in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, which causes brain changes that gradually get worse.This is the first study to evaluate the ability of grape- derived polyphenols to prevent the generation of a specific form of amyloid (A) peptide, a substance in the brain long known to cause the neurotoxicity associated with Alzheimer's disease.In partnership with a team at the University of Minnesota, Pasinetti and collaborators administered grape seed polyphenolic extracts to mice genetically determined to develop memory deficits and A neurotoxins similar to those found in Alzheimer's disease. They found that the brain content of the A*56, a specific form of A previously implicated in the promotion of Alzheimer's disease memory loss, was substantially reduced after treatment.Previous studies suggest that increased consumption of grape- derived polyphenols, whose content, for example, is very high in red wine, may protect against cognitive decline in Alzheimer's. This new finding corroborates those theories."Since naturally occurring polyphenols are also generally commercially available as nutritional supplements and have negligible adverse events even after prolonged periods of treatment, this new finding holds significant promise as a preventive method or treatment, and is being tested in translational studies in Alzheimer's disease patients," said Pasinetti.In Alzheimer's disease, brain cells degenerate and die, causing a steady decline in memory and mental function.

CHICAGO, Aug. 25 (Xinhua) -- Gold futures on the COMEX Division of the New York Mercantile Exchange on Thursday bounced off the biggest drop since March 2008, as the weakness in stock market enhanced appeal of gold as a safe-have investment.The most active gold contract for Dec. delivery gained 5.9 U.S. dollars, or 0.3 percent, to 1,763.2 dollars per ounce. The metal suffered on Wednesday the biggest one-day drop since March 19, 2008.Market analysts said that gold extended losses in earlier trading, hit by a margin-requirement increase, but the drop in global stock market gave a push to the metal. Both Dow Jones industrial average and S&P 500 declined on Thursday after a 3-day rise as a government report showed U.S. jobless claims rose last week.Besides, market hearsay went that Germany might be next to get a sovereign-debt downgrade, adding to the positive tone on gold market. German equity market also suffered sharp drop in the day.Many market watchers remained long-term bullish attitude toward gold although they said the precious metal could correct further in the short term. A trader noted that the fundamental factors driving uncertainty and fears are all still there.Expectations are growing that the Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke would not provide any form of stimulus in a speech scheduled for Friday at a yearly gathering of central bankers in Jackson Hole.Silver for Sept. delivery also rose 1.583 dollars, or four percent, to 40.745 dollars per ounce. Platinum for Oct. delivery lost 3.9 dollars, or 0.2 percent, to 1822.4 dollars per ounce.

BEIJING, June 20 (Xinhuanet) -- More Chinese cities have seen month-on-month declines in the prices of both new and secondhand homes, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) on Saturday.The NBS said in a statement on its website that month-on-month price growth for new commercial homes was reported in 50 out of the NBS's statistical pool of 70 major cities. That compared to 56 cities reporting month-on-month growth in April.New home prices declined from a month ago in nine cities and stood unchanged in 11 cities, while 27 cities posted smaller monthly price gains, said the NBS.As for resold housing units, 23 cities reported second-hand home price declines month-on-month in May, up from 16 in April. Secondhand home prices stayed unchanged in 11 major cities in May from April, according to the NBS.On a year-on-year basis, the prices of new commercial homes declined in three cities, including Hangzhou and Sanya, both of which were hot spots for real estate speculation in the past. Meanwhile, 36 cities saw lower year-on-year growth, up from 29 in April, said the NBS.Secondhand home prices dropped in four cities from one year ago, while 29 cities reported declines in year-on-year price growth from April.The NBS stopped releasing overall housing prices for 70 major cities in January, citing the fact that overall price figures for the cities failed to reflect regional differences. The NBS is also using a new surveying method to determine price changes.The government has adopted various measures to cool the property market and curb rising prices, including restricting residents in major cities from buying second or third homes, requiring higher down payments for mortgages and instituting new property taxes in the cities of Chongqing and Shanghai.But there has not been a significant drop in home prices. The latest central bank survey of urban bank depositors found that more than one-third of respondents anticipated home prices would remain stable in the second half of the year.The survey, which is carried out quarterly among 20,000 urban bank depositors in 50 major cities, said 25.9 percent of respondents believed prices would continue to rise, while only 18.9 percent expected a decline.Meanwhile, the survey showed that 74.3 percent of residents said housing prices in the second quarter were "too high to afford", almost the same as during the first quarter.Experts and market observers said the Chinese property market is stagnant with home transactions remaining grim and no clear trend in prices.Yang Hongxu, an analyst with the Shanghai-based E-house China Research and Development Institute, said the May figure has continued April's downward trend in prices, but the cooling of the market will happen gradually.The NBS announced on Tuesday that property developers sold 329.32 million square meters of commercial houses nationwide in the first five months of this year, an increase of only 9.1 percent year-on-year.The NBS said that investment in the nation's property sector has maintained strong growth by rising 34.6 percent year-on-year to reach 1.87 trillion yuan (8.6 billion) in the January-May period, which might have been a result of affordable housing investment.Figures from the NBS also reflected that property developers are getting less funding from banks, as the government continued to raise borrowing costs for developers and tighten liquidity in the market.Developers obtained 580.3 billion yuan from domestic loans in the first five months, up 4.6 percent year-on-year. Meanwhile, they used 26.6 billion yuan of foreign investment in the sector, posting a year-on-year rise of 57.3 percent.