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BEIJING, Feb. 28 (Xinhua) -- China's top legislature approved the Food Safety Law on Saturday, providing a legal basis for the government to strengthen food safety control "from the production line to the dining table."     The law, which goes into effect on June 1, 2009, will enhance monitoring and supervision, toughen safety standards, recall substandard products and severely punish offenders. The National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee gave the green light to the intensively-debated draft law at the last day of a four-day legislative session, following a spate of food scandals which triggered vehement calls for overhauling China's current monitoring system. Wu Bangguo (C), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), presides over the concluding meeting of the 7th meeting of the 11th NPC Standing Committee in Beijing, on Feb. 28, 2009. The NPC Standing Committee, China's top legislature, concluded its four-day session on Saturday, after approving the food safety law, an amendment to the criminal law and the revised insurance law.    Winning 158 out of 165 votes, the law said the State Council, or Cabinet, would set up a state-level food safety commission to oversee the entire food monitoring system, whose lack of efficiency has long been blamed for repeated scandals.     The departments of health, agriculture, quality supervision, industry and commerce administration will shoulder different responsibilities.     These would include risk evaluation, the making and implementation of safety standards, and the monitoring of about 500,000 food companies across China, as well as circulation sector.     The law draft had been revised several times since it was submitted to the NPC Standing Committee for the first reading in December 2007.     It had been expected to be voted by lawmakers last October, but the voting was postponed for further revision following the tainted dairy products scandal last September, in which at least six babies died and 290,000 others were poisoned.     "It actually took us five years to draft this law since the State Council first made legislative recommendations in July 2004.It has undergone intensive consideration, because it is so vital to every person," Xin Chunying, deputy director of the NPC Standing Committee's Legislative Affairs Commission, said at a press briefing after the law was adopted.     She said although China had certain food quality control systems in place for many years, lots of loopholes emerged in past years, mainly due to varied standards, lack of sense of social responsibility among some business people, too lenient punishment on violators and weakness in testing and monitoring work.     China has a food hygiene law, which took effect in 1995, to regulate issues of food safety, but many lawmakers said it was too outdated to meet the need of practice.     For example, the law is far from being adequate in addressing the problem of pesticide residue in foodstuff.     According to the new law, China will set up compulsory standards on food safety, covering a wide range from the use of additives to safety and nutrition labels.     The law stipulates a ban on all chemicals and materials other than authorized additives in food production, saying that "only those items proved to be safe and necessary in food production are allowed to be listed as food additives."     Health authorities are responsible for assessing and approving food additives and regulating their usage.     Food producers must only use food additives and their usage previously approved by authorities, on penalty of closure or revocation of production licenses in serious cases, according to the law.     In the tainted dairy products scandal, melamine, often used in the manufacture of plastics, was added to substandard or diluted milk to make protein levels appear higher than they actually were.     "Melamine had never been allowed to be used as food additive in China. Now the law makes an even clearer and stricter ban on it," Xin said.     She said the compulsory system to recall substandard food, as written in the law, would also be effective in curbing food-related health risks.     Producers of edible farm products are required to abide by food safety standards when using pesticide, fertilizer, growth regulators, veterinary drugs, feedstuff and feed additives. They must also keep farming or breeding records.     Offenders can face maximum fines which would be 10 times the value of sold products, compared with five times at present.     If businesses are found producing or selling a substandard foodstuff, consumers can ask for financial compensation which is 10 times the price of the product. That's in addition to compensation for the harm the product causes to the consumer.     For those whose food production licenses are revoked due to illegal conducts, they will be banned from doing food business in the following five years.     "This is a big step to increase penalties on law violators," Xin said.     Another highlight of the law is that celebrities can share responsibility for advertising for food products that are found to be unsafe.     The law says all organizations and individuals who recommend substandard food products in ads will face joint liability for damages incurred.     This has been a hot topic in China where film stars, singers and celebrities are often paid to appear in ads of food products.     "The provisions were added out of concern over fake advertisements, which contained misleading information. Many of the advertisements featured celebrities," said Liu Xirong, vice chairman of the NPC Law Committee.     Several Chinese celebrities had advertised for products of the Sanlu Group, a company at the epicenter of the tainted dairy product scandal. They were vehemently criticized after thousands of babies were poisoned by the Sanlu formula.     Many people posted online demands for them to apologize to and compensate families of the sickened babies. But others argued that it was unfair to blame the celebrities as Sanlu had legal documents to prove its products safe.     On tonic food, a booming industry with an estimated annual output value of 100 billion yuan (14.62 billion U.S. dollars) in China, the law prohibits any claims related to prevention or cure of illness on the product's label and instruction leaflets.

BEIJING, Feb. 9 (Xinhua) -- China will establish a ministry-level joint meeting on the management and supervision of loan guarantee services, according to a circular from the general office of the State Council (cabinet) Monday.     The joint meeting will formulate policies to promote the development of loan guarantee services, set up a management and supervision system for such services and direct local governments to undertake supervision and risk management.     The government ordered local governments to take measures in line with local conditions to ease financing difficulties for small and medium-sized enterprises, the circular said.     Many borrowers in China use the services of guarantors, who charge fees for their participation.     The meeting will make regulations that cover how loan guarantors are established, how much they can lend and how they will be supervised. The regulations should be submitted to the State Council for approval.     The joint meeting is being organized by the China Banking Regulatory Commission, with the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the People's Bank of China (central bank),the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council.

GUANGZHOU, Feb. 6 (Xinhua) -- Millions of migrant workers from rural areas in China are expected to enjoy their golden years with pensions, like the urbanites do, as the country's top social security authority has planned to help them systematically gain access to the service.     A document released Thursday by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security to solicit public opinions said migrant workers could move their pension accounts from one place to another when they move, a practice that is currently banned for lack of proper regulations.     "With the new rule, I can get pensions like urban elders when I am old," said Liu Xinguo, a migrant worker who comes from central Hunan Province. He is now working in a property management company in Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong Province.     The proposed rule stipulates migrant workers who have joined pension plans can continue their pension accounts as long as they get pension premium payment certificates in their previous working places.     Currently, Liu himself puts 100 yuan per month into his pension account while his company contributes 180 yuan on his behalf.     "If I withdraw my pension account, I will no longer get the company's input in my pension account," said Liu, who has been working in Guangzhou for more than a decade.     In fact, many migrant workers who have had pension accounts, have chosen to withdraw their accounts before they leave the place where they work and plans to work in other places. They only get the fund they have paid and cannot get the company's part in the accounts.     Tang Yun, who comes from Jiangxi Province and is now in Dongguan City, Guangdong, is an example.     Four months ago, Tang joined the pension plan in Dongguan. But now he plans to go to Shenzhen to find a new job. He had to withdraw his pension account and only got some 600 yuan in cash from the account.     "I had no choice but to withdraw as the pension account could not go to Shenzhen," said Tang, who has been working in Guangdong for 8 years.     However, with the new regulation, migrant workers will no longer face the same problem again.     "It is a breakthrough in the pension system for migrant workers," said Cui Chuanyi, a rural economy researcher of the Development Research Center under the State Council, or cabinet.     The new method removes the fundamental hurdles for migrant workers to join pension plans and protects their rights and interests, said the researcher.     According to figures with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, China has some 230 million migrant workers. By the end of last year, only 24 million joined pension programs.     In addition to the transfer ban, high pension premiums present a challenge to the small number of migrant workers who do carry pension plans.     According to the country's current regulations, the pension premium for urban workers include the employer's payment of 20 percent of an employee's salary and the employee's payment of 8 percent of his or her salary.     The new rule says employers will pay 12 percent of employees' salaries and the employee will pay 4 to 8 percent of their salaries to meet the pension premiums.     "The new rule will reduce the burden of companies and migrant workers in pension premium payment," said Cui Chuanyi. "That will encourage more companies to support the establishment of pension plans for migrant workers."     The new regulations will also make it is easier for migrant workers to accumulate the 15 years of pension premium maturity required for receiving pensions, as the pension premium terms will be added when they move from place to place. In the past, the maturity was reset each time they withdrew.     Chen Xinmin, a professor at South China Normal University, said from the point of view of narrowing the rural-urban gap, the adjustment of the pension system for migrant workers would have a far-reaching impact.     "Given the fact that migrant workers have become a major part of China's industrial workforce, the new rule means a significant step forward to eliminating urban-rural differentiations and improving farmers' welfare," said the scholar.     The upcoming revision of the pension system for migrant workers will also accelerate the urbanization process in China, said Chen.     An official with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security said Thursday the country was also planning to set up a national social security information consultation system starting with migrant workers. The system will use the identity card number of a citizen as his or her life-long social security card number.

BEIJING, Feb.2 (Xinhua) -- "The wheat grass gets so dry that it catches fire! I've never seen this in my whole life," said 50-year-old Wei Liuding in Baisha village, Muzhong County of North China's Henan Province.     Wang Hongwei, a farmer from Putaojia Village of Henan's Lankao County, grievingly held a grasp of wheat grass roots in his hand.     "All the wheat in my land is dying like this," he told a Xinhua reporter. Photo taken on Feb. 2, 2009 shows the droughty reservoir in Yiyang County of Luoyang city, central China's Henan ProvinceHenan, China's major grain producer, issued a red alert for drought Thursday. The provincial meteorological bureau said the drought is the worst since 1951. The drought have affected about 63 percent of the province's 78.9 million mu (5.26 million hectares) of wheat.     But Henan Province is not the only victim in thirsty northern China.     Anhui Province issued a red drought alert Sunday, forecasting a major drought that will plague more than 60 percent of the crops north of the Huaihe River is no rain is reported by next week.     Shanxi Province was put on orange drought alert on Jan. 21, as nearly one million people and 160,000 heads of livestock are facing water shortage.     Provinces such as Shaanxi, Shandong, Hebei and Jiangsu are also reeling from droughts.     According to the Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters on Sunday, the droughts in northern China have affected about 145 million mu (9.67 million hectares) of crops, and have left 3.7 million people and 1.85 million livestock with poor access to drinking water.     Secretary of the office E Jingping said the headquarters sent four working teams to eight provinces to supervise the drought relief work.     The Ministry of Finance (MOF) has allocated 100 million yuan (14.6 million U.S. dollars) in emergency funding to help ease the drought.     E said about 1.38 billion yuan had been used to fund the relief work since the end of December. Some 74.60 million mu (4.97million hectares) of farmland have been irrigated, and drinking water shortages have been eased for about 500,000 people and 280,000 livestock.     The irrigation system in the drought area is under a crucial test. The water flow under Xiaolangdi Dam on the Yellow River reached 550 cubic meters per second as of 2 p.m. Saturday, to help soothe the drought in Henan Province.     "The water in my well is very deep today," Wei Liuding told Xinhua reporter Sunday.     "Although we were informed that the government's subsidies will be soon handed out to households, I decided not to merely rely on the government, and I am now irrigating the lands for four hours a day at my own expense."     But with a family of five, Wang Hongwei was more worried.     "Though we irrigate the lands now, the production will surely see a big drop. Like many other people in our village, I am thinking about doing odd jobs in the town to earn some extra cash."     Li Xin, an advocate for the income and rights of farmers and migrant workers who opened a company to sue false seed producers, said, "Even if the farmers go to towns and cities to work, their pays will wane as the financial crisis continues to loom."     Duan Aiming, head of the Irrigation Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, said the current drought has "sound an alarm to the water resource utility in northern China".     "Much water is being wasted, because many mature irrigation technologies cannot be put into practice for lack of funds, and the input on irrigation infrastructure is not enough," said Duan.     "Only by a long-term improvement of the irrigation system can the government realize its goal of increasing the grain yield and the farmers' income," said Li.     In the first document of the year issued jointly by the State Council and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Sunday, local authorities were urged to take measures to avoid declining grain production, ensure the steady expansion of agriculture and rural stability.     "The foundation for securing steady and relatively fast economic growth is based upon agriculture; the toughest work of securing and improving people's livelihoods stays with farmers," it said.

BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang Thursday urged the country's labor department to find employment for people this year.     China is facing a daunting task to secure jobs for its workforce after more than 20 million migrant workers lost their jobs in the global financial crisis. To compound the problem, more than seven million college graduates will be looking for jobs this year.     "We must ensure a stable employment situation this year, as employment is related to people's livelihood and the harmony and stability of the society," Zhang said at a working conference of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.     The country's urban unemployment rate increase 0.2 percentage points to 4.2 percent at the end of 2008, even though migrant workers are not included in that number.     Zhang asked the ministry to adopt more active policies to find employment for people.     Tax burdens of firms could be reduced, and preferential policies for social security coverage could be employed to help firms survive the crisis and keep jobs, Zhang said.     More subsidies should be offered to organize vocational training in order to get people reemployed, and training should be made more relevant to different jobs, he added.     The Vice Premier also said the government should step up building a social insurance system that covers both urban and rural residents, and continue to raise pensions for retired workers.     China created new jobs for 11.13 million people last year, 11 percent more than the target of 10 million.     The country also found jobs for five million laid-off workers and for 1.43 million who had difficulty in finding a job. The combined 6.43 million was again higher than the original target of five million.