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WASHINGTON, Jan. 19 (Xinhua) -- New research published this week in Nature Medicine indicates that targeted drugs such as gefitinib might more effectively treat non-small cell lung cancer if they could be combined with agents that block certain microRNAs.The study, led by investigators with the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, shows that overexpression of two genes called MET and EGFR causes the deregulation of six microRNAs, and that this deregulation leads to gefitinib resistance.The findings support the development of agents that restore the levels of these microRNAs. It offers a new strategy for treating non-small cell lung cancer, which is responsible for about 85 percent of the 221,000 lung-cancer cases and 157,000 deaths that occur annually in the United States. It also suggests that measuring the expression levels of certain microRNAs -- those controlled by the MET gene -- might predict which lung-cancer cases are likely to be resistant to gefitinib.Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer, and this leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Gefitinib selectively inhibits EGFR activation and triggers cancer cells to self-destruct by apoptosis. However, non-small cell lung cancer cells inevitably develop resistance to the drug. The study reveals how this resistance occurs."Our findings suggest that gefitinib resistance that is caused by MET overexpression is at least partly due to miRNA deregulation, " says principal investigator Carlo Croce.

BEIJING, Dec. 4 (Xinhua) - Orthopaedic experts have warned that China should improve its prevention of orthopaedic illnesses as its population ages.Osteoporosis, bone fractures and joint diseases, to which elderly people are particularly susceptible, have surged as serious health concerns, said Feng Huicheng, surgeon-in-chief of a leading Chinese orthopaedics hospital, at the Sixth International Congress of the Chinese Orthopaedic Association (COA) Sunday in Beijing.According to China's latest census in 2010, the number of people aged 60 and over stood at 177.65 million and accounted for more than 13 percent of the country's total 1.3 billion population."Orthopaedic diseases pose a great threat to the elderly, and they'll only grow more serious as we have a large population that is aging," said Dr. Feng from the No. 309 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army."The younger generation should start to be concerned with their health now, particularly calcium loss, to prevent osteoporosis when getting old.".A report issued by the International Osteoporosis Foundation this year shows that about 70 million people in China now suffer from the condition and that number may leap to 286 million by 2020.H.K.T.Raza, president of the Asia Pacific Orthopaedic Association, said at the conference that the prevention of osteoporosis should begin when people are still young."Osteoporosis is best prevented by regular exercises and good dietary controls. All that has to be done early in life, maybe between 20 and 30, to prevent the disease," he said.According to the World Health Organization, osteoporosis remains one of the primary threats to the health of the middle-aged and elderly.Osteoporosis is the thinning of bone tissue and loss of bone density over time. Parts of the bone grow weak and prone to fracture. Women are usually subject to greater risk of osteoporosis than men as they start with lower bone density and lose bone mass faster as they age. 

BEIJING, Oct. 11 (Xinhuanet) -- For women, chocolate consumption needs to be high, which can lower stroke risk, researchers from the Karolinska Institute, Sweden, reported in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. The consumption of chocolate has been demonstrated to reduce diastolic and systolic blood pressure in randomized, short-term trials. Chocolate has also been shown to improve endothelial and platelet function, and to improve insulin resistance.Susanna Larsson Ph.D. and the team conducted the research on the Swedish Mammography Cohort's 33,372 adult females aged from 49 to 83 years without history of stroke, coronary heart disease, stroke, or diabetes.They found those who ate at least two chocolate bars each week appeared to have a 20 percent lower risk of stroke, compared to those of the same age and weight who rarely or never ate chocolate. But, they found, it was only those in the highest quartile of chocolate consumption who had a significant drop in stroke risk.The researchers explained that cocoa has flavonoids - powerful antioxidants that can suppress LDL, low-density lipoprotein, that can cause stroke and other cardiovascular diseases.

ABU DHABI, Jan. 16 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao held talks Monday with UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon on major international issues.During their talks, Wen said the United Nations had played an indispensable role in boosting international cooperation and coordinated actions among related parties.China supports the UN and the Secretary General to play a bigger role in international affairs and achieve greater success, he said.Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (L) meets with UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon (R) in Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates, Jan. 16, 2012.In promoting global sustainable development, the UN and the international community needed to focus on the elimination of poverty, help developing countries properly cope with the difficulties in their drive to transfer to a green economy and provide them with support in such areas as finance, technology and capacity building, Wen said.Ban said China had played an important role in helping attain the UN Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and settle regional hot issues.Appreciating China's support for the UN, Ban said the United Nations stood ready to advance contacts with China and make concerted efforts to safeguard world peace and promote sustainable development.They also exchanged views on the situation of West Asia and North Africa and other regional issues of common concern.Wen arrived in the capital of the United Arab Emirates Monday morning after concluding an official visit to Saudi Arabia. He visited Nepal on Saturday before flying to the Middle East. The trip will also take him to Qatar.Earlier in the day, the Chinese premier gave a keynote speech at the opening of the 5th World Future Energy Summit.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 7 (Xinhua) -- Drugs that affect the levels of an important brain protein involved in learning and memory reverse cellular changes in the brain seen during aging, according to an animal study published Wednesday in the Journal of Neuroscience. The findings could one day aid in the development of new drugs that enhance cognitive function in older adults.Aging-related memory loss is associated with the gradual deterioration of the structure and function of synapses (the connections between brain cells) in brain regions critical to learning and memory, such as the hippocampus.Recent studies suggested that histone acetylation, a chemical process that controls whether genes are turned on, affects this process. Specifically, it affects brain cells' ability to alter the strength and structure of their connections for information storage, a process known as synaptic plasticity, which is a cellular signature of memory.In the current study, Cui-Wei Xie, of the University of California, Los Angeles, and colleagues found that compared with younger rats, hippocampi from older rats have less brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) -- a protein that promotes synaptic plasticity -- and less histone acetylation of the Bdnf gene. By treating the hippocampal tissue from older animals with a drug that increased histone acetylation, they were able to restore BDNF production and synaptic plasticity to levels found in younger animals."These findings shed light on why synapses become less efficient and more vulnerable to impairment during aging," said Xie, who led the study. "Such knowledge could help develop new drugs for cognitive aging and aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease," she added.