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UNITED NATIONS, Sept. 23 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao met with U.S. President Barack Obama here on Thursday, focusing on bilateral ties and regional and world issues and calling for more cooperation.China and the United States can deepen their cooperation on significant international affairs and major regional issues as well as on efforts to handle global financial woes and climate change, Wen said.He said China and the United States could forge an even closer and wider-ranging trade and financial relationship. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (L) meets with U.S. President Barack Obama in New York, the United States, Sept. 23, 2010.At the beginning of the meeting, Wen said the China-U.S. relationship has advanced beyond the bilateral scope and has a major impact on the world.The common interests of the two countries far outweigh their differences, Wen said.Although there exist differences between China and the United States, the problems can be well solved through dialogue and cooperation, the premier said.The meeting at the United Nations added to the increasing number of meetings held between Chinese and American leaders since Obama took office in 2009.

BEIJING, Oct. 15 (Xinhua) -- Northeast China's Jilin province, one of the country's major grain production centers, is poised to see a bumper harvest this year despite low temperatures and devastating floods and as concerns about food security increase on the eve of World Food Day on Oct. 16.Grain production is expected to hit a record 29.5 million tonnes in Jilin this year, surpassing the previous high of 28.4 million tonnes in 2008, said Wang Shouchen, vice governor of the province.Meanwhile, Heilongjiang province, the country's largest grain production center in northeast China, may also produce a record output this year, surpassing last year's 43.53 million tonnes.China's annual grain production has grown for six consecutive years, with total output hitting 530.8 million tonnes, up 100.1 million tonnes from 2003, but experts say more frequent natural disasters, decreasing arable land, rapid urbanization and industrialization are posing great challenges to the country's food security.Zheng Fengtian, a professor of agriculture and rural development works with the Beijing-based Renmin University of China, told Xinhua one of greatest future challenges for China's food security will be the Chinese farmer's unwillingness to produce grains because of low yields. Instead, most farmers will prefer being migrant workers in big cities. < Their interest in growing grains might becomes further dampened as prices of agricultural equipment and other materials continue rising. In contrast, migrant workers are receiving increasingly higher pay in the cities, Zheng said.Government figures show about 47 percent of Chinese people, or 622 million people, now live in cities and towns; almost 200 million are immigrants, or people from other parts of the country.At a forum on the urban-rural divide last month, Zuo Xuejin, Executive Vice President of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, said that another 400 million people from rural China are likely to migrate to cities in the next 20 years, which means there will be fewer farmers in the fields.With China's rapid industrialization and urbanization, a decline in available farming land is inevitable, and poses a large threat for China's food security, Zheng Fengtian said.A survey by the Ministry of Land and Resources shows that farm lands have shrunk by 123 million mu (8.2 million hectares) between 1997 and 2009.The Chinese government announced in 2003 that it would put in place a strict system to protect arable land, and guaranteed that a minimum 1.8-billion mu of arable land would be available. But official figures reveal arable land totaled only 1.635 billion mu last year, down by 191 million mu from 2008.Zheng Fengtian said to ensure food security, the government should show more determination in protecting farm land. But more importantly, it should also increase profit yields for grain growers, and by facilitating technological advances, also help to raise the grain yield per unit of arable land.World Food Day, initiated in 1981 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), is celebrated every year on Oct. 16. The theme this year is United against Hunger.In part due to soaring food prices and the financial crisis in 2009, one billion people around the world are suffering from hunger, which FAO Director-General Jacques Diouf said was a "tragic achievement in these modern days," according to a statement on the FAO website.While some people are starving, the quantity of food that gets wasted stands in stark contrast. Zheng Tianfeng estimated that about 85 million tonnes of grain were wasted in China during consumption and storage. Also, at least 10 percent of food is wasted daily at family dinner tables.A survey by food authorities in 2006 also showed 8-10 percent of the grain was lost in storage, which means that Chinese farmers can lose up to 20 million tonnes of grain each year.In order to help farmers better store their produce, some "grain banks" had been set up in the past. Farmers could deposit their produce in the "banks" and withdraw them when needed.Wu Mancang, a 34-year-old farmer from Taicang city in eastern Jiangsu province, said he used to store grain at his home, but the grain would become spoiled. With the grain "banks", that problem has been resolved. A total of 8 such "banks" with 23 service centers are currently operational in Taicang, covering 60 percent of the farmers in the region."Global warming, and more frequent natural disasters, will also be a challenge for food security," Zheng said, as summer grain output fell 0.3 percent after a prolonged drought in southwestern China in the first half of the year.China's National Development and Reform Commission, the nation' s top economic regulator, said Tuesday it would increase the state minimum purchase price of wheat in major wheat-growing areas in 2011.The minimum purchase price for white wheat will increase by 5 yuan (0.73 U.S. dollars) from the 2010 level to 95 yuan per 50 kilograms, while the price for red wheat will increase by 7 yuan to 93 yuan. The move aims to protect farmer incomes and promote grain production.

BEIJING, Nov. 2 (Xinhua) -- China will reduce its rare earth export quotas next year, but not by a very large margin, Yao Jian, spokesman of China's Ministry of Commerce, said Tuesday."To protect the environment and natural resources, China will stick to the quota system to manage rare earth exports next year, and quotas will also decline," Yao told Xinhua.Though giving no clear extent of the decline, Yao's remarks echoed the comments of Wang Jian, a vice minister of commerce, made Monday at a press conference."I believe China will see no large rise or fall in rare earth exports next year," said Wang.Wang emphasized that China has no embargo on rare earth exports, even though it uses a quota-system as a method of management.Containing a class of 17 chemical elements, rare earths have been widely employed in manufacturing sophisticated products including flat-screen monitors, electric car batteries, wind turbines, missiles and aerospace alloys. However, mining the metals is very damaging to the environment.Chinese officials have said on many occasions that China will strictly protect its non-renewable resources to prevent environmental damages due to over-exploitation and reckless mining.China started the quota system on rare earth exports in 1998 and later banned it in processing trade. In 2006, China stopped granting new rare earth mining licenses and existing mines have since been operating according to government plans.In early September, the State Council, or China's Cabinet, unveiled regulations to encourage merger and acquisitions within the industry.However, China's restrictive policies were criticized by Japan, the United States and other European countries, claiming China's management violated World Trade Organization rules."China has no choice but to take such measures," Chen Deming, China's Commerce Minister, said in August. He pointed out that exports of rare earths should not threaten the country's environment or national security.In response to the increasing criticism of China's rare earth exports management, the spokesman for China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said last week that China "will not use rare earths as a bargaining chip"."It is the common strategy of some countries, such as the United States, to use global resources while conserving their own in their homeland," said Zhang Hanlin, director of China Institute for WTO Studies in China's University of International Business and Economics."Creating conflicts on resource issues for their self interests is a common practice," he said.China is the world's largest producer and exporter of rare earths. With about one-third of all proven rare earth reserves, China's exports account for more than 90 percent of the world total."This shows some countries are conserving rare earth resources," said Yao.Early media reports said China would reduce the export quotas by up to 30 percent in 2011. Yet, this was denied as "false" and "groundless" by the Ministry of Commerce.The ministry said the Chinese government will set the 2011 export quotas based upon the rare earths output, market demand and the needs for sustainable development.It also said China would continue to supply rare earths to the world. Meanwhile, it will also take measures to limit the exploitation, production and exports of rare earths to maintain sustainable development, which is in line with WTO principles."Some countries managed to meet the openness requirement of international trade policies when limiting its resources exports," said Feng Jun, a director of the Shanghai WTO Affairs Consultation Center."China should learn from the experiences and explore its own way of protecting its strategic resources," said Feng.

BEIJING, Oct. 16 (Xinhua) -- Wang Jianping, 63, a healthy retiree from a Beijing-based enterprise, has recently begun searching for nursing homes."When I cannot move, I will live in the old people's home and will not inconvenience my children," Wang said.Her experience of caring for her 89-year-old mother-in-law, who suffers from senile dementia over the past 14 years, prompted her to "search for nursing homes as early as possible," she said.As China marks Seniors Day Saturday, or the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, experts have called for an improvement in the country's services to the aged, especially at a time when the "only child" generation is finding it increasingly difficult to care for four parents (their own and their spouse's parents).The Office of the China National Committee on Ageing said the number of people aged 60 or above stood at 167 million in 2009, or 12.5 percent of the 1.3-billion population.Chen Chuanshu, deputy director of the Office of the China National Committee on Ageing, said the ageing problem not only affected individual families, but was also a major social problem that concerned the national economy and people's livelihoods.Yang Yanan, a 24-year-old postgraduate student at the Department of Sociology of Peking University, said her grandmother was cared for by four children, and the grandmother would live, in turn, in the homes of Yang's parents and her uncles and aunts.Hao Maishou, an expert on the ageing issue at the Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences in northern China, said that traditionally, the elderly were taken care of by their sons, financially and socially.After the New China was founded in 1949, a pension and the aged insurance system was established in both urban and rural areas, but since it was far from perfect, most old people continued to be cared for by their own families. Only a few lived in old-age homes, Hao said.But today, most parents of the country's first-generation of children with no siblings, following the government's "one-child" policy, have started realizing that they cannot depend on their children to look after them when they grow old. These parents are mostly in their 50s.Chen said that family-based care was still the main way of caring for the aged in China, and the country was working on improving these policies, financial support and caring services for the elderly.In the recent past, the government has mobilized non-public sectors to serve the aged and encouraged private capital to enter the sectors providing services to this demographic.Towards that end, a project called the "Aiwan (Loving the Old Age) Project" was begun in 2008, covering major Chinese regions with serious ageing problems, using an investment of 10 billion yuan (1.47 billion U.S.dollars). Twenty centers for living, entertainment, cultural activities and rehabilitation were to be built in these regions in five to eight years.Hao of the Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences said that after 2030, caring for the aged in China would be jointly shouldered by families and the society, as a large number of elderly people will also have to care for their own aging parents."The country will expand the coverage of social security to the entire population," he said.

BEIJING, Sep. 2 (Xinhua) -- China's Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang Thursday called upon Chinese industrial firms to improve the quality of their products as part of the efforts to transform China's economic growth pattern.Chinese enterprises should boost the quality of industrial products by upgrading their technologies and establishing a quality-based credit system of enterprises, said Zhang at a forum held in Beijing which focused on how to improve the quality and reputation of Chinese industrial products.He also called for accelerating the establishment of industrial standardization system, actively taking part in drafting and revising of related international standards and establishing a reward and punishment system that favors firms that manufacture high-quality products.Zhang also urged China's domestic firms to step up efforts to nurture indigenous brands to make "made in China" a byword for high-quality products.