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WASHINGTON, Nov. 18 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday approved Erwinaze to treat patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), who have developed an allergy to E. coli derived asparaginase and pegapargase chemotherapy drugs used to treat ALL.Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. White blood cells help the body fight infection and are formed in the bone marrow.Erwinaze is injected directly into the muscle three times a week and works by breaking down one of the body's protein building blocks (the amino acid, asparagine) that is present in the blood, and is necessary for the growth of all cells. Leukemia cells cannot produce this protein building block. When a patient is treated with Erwinaze the leukemia cells die. Normal human cells are able to make enough asparagine for their own needs through biosynthesis and will not be affected by treatment with Erwinaze."The approval of Erwinaze underscores the FDA's commitment to the approval of drugs for conditions with limited patient populations with unmet medical needs using novel trial endpoints," said Richard Pazdur, director of the Office of Hematology and Oncology Products in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.Side effects associated with Erwinaze treatment include serious allergic reactions, inflammation of the pancreas, high blood levels of liver enzymes, blood clotting, bleeding, nausea, vomiting and high blood sugar.

BEIJING, Oct. 11 (Xinhuanet) -- Scientists have discovered that blind optimism is related to brain's frontal lobes which are associated with processing errors, according to a British study published Monday in the journal Nature Neuroscience.Scientists at the University College of London scanned brains of volunteers who were asked to estimate their personal likelihood of involving in negative events, like a divorce or cancer,  before and after given the average probability of these events occurring.They found that the volunteers who estimated lower probability (or the more optimistic ones) than the given one raised their estimates a little bit later while those estimated higher probability altered their estimates much more.Through the brain scanner, scientists saw there was less activity in the volunteers' frontal regions when the information given was worse than expected while more activity when the information was better than expected. It suggested that the more optimistic people neglected the negative predictions."The more optimistic we are, the less likely we are to be influenced by negative information about the future," said Dr. Tali Sharot, lead author of the study. He added being optimistic clearly had some benefits, "but it can also mean that we are less likely to take precautionary action, such as practising safe sex or saving for retirement. So why don't we learn from cautionary information?"

SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 11 (Xinhua) -- Logitech, a provider of personal peripherals for computers and other digital platforms, said its production of Google TV was a "big mistake," giving a major blow to Google's aspiration to change the traditional TV experience, U.S. media reported on Friday.According to technology news site The Verge, at a recent analyst and investor meeting, Logitech chief executive officer Guerrino De Luca said the launch of Logitech Revue (with Google TV set-top box) last year was "a mistake of implementation of a gigantic nature."The project cost the company more than 100 million U.S. dollars in operating profit.He said the company had "brought closure to the Logitech Revue saga" and has "no plans to introduce another box to replace Revue" after the inventory runs out this quarter.The CEO also predicted that Google TV will have a chance sometime in the future, but it would be a "grandchild of Google TV " that would do it. Logitech has no plans to help make that happen.Launched during the holiday shopping season last year, the Logitech Revue with Google TV system was criticized for being pricey and unpolished although it gives consumers a streamlined experience of traditional TV content and online media. In August, Logitech slashed the price from 249 dollars to 99 dollars.Last month, Google introduced a redesigned Google TV after sales of the first version did not meet expectations.In April, Logitech reported that Revue with Google TV set-top box and related gear only brought five million dollars in sales during the first quarter of this year, 72 percent less than the company had expected.However, support from some leading TV manufacturers may still help Google fulfill its TV plan. A Bloomberg report said Friday that Google and LG Electronics, world's second-largest TV manufacturer, may unveil a television using the search giant's software at the upcoming Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas.Samsung, world's largest TV manufacturer, said in February that it was in discussions with Google to develop a TV product.

BEIJING, Dec. 27 (Xinhua) -- The People's Bank of China (PBOC), China's central bank, announced Tuesday that it is banning local regions, institutions or individuals from setting up gold exchanges apart from the existing Shanghai Gold Exchange and Shanghai Futures Exchange.The country also bans the establishment of any gold trading platforms in other exchanges, a statement on the PBOC website said.The statement said the country has ordered a cease to the building of any new gold exchanges or trading platforms. Those which have opened for business must cease operations.The ban came amid bigger risks in gold trading after some local regions, institutions and individuals grew enthusiastic in setting up gold exchanges and trading platforms in recent years as gold prices soared, which led to a surge of illegal practices due to inadequate management, the statement said.It added the central bank will work with the Shanghai Gold Exchange and Shanghai Futures Exchange to boost the healthy development of the country's gold trading market.