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BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- U.S. political rhetoric has recently been obsessed with the exchange rate of the renminbi. President Barack Obama has indicated on several occasions that he would take a tougher stance on this issue in order to address trade imbalances between his country and China.But does the renminbi hold the key to this issue? What are the backstage calculations behind those demands from Washington?RENMINBI A WRONG TARGETWhile addressing Democratic senators early this month, Obama said the issue of renminbi exchange rate must be addressed to ensure that American products will not be put into a huge competitive disadvantage given the fact that China is going to be one of America's biggest markets.In an interview with Businessweek on Feb. 10, Obama said he and Chinese leaders are going to have some "very serious negotiations" on the renminbi issue.Supporters of Obama include economists such as Gary Hufbauer, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. Those experts say China's huge trade surplus is a result of an undervalued renminbi. Appreciation of the Chinese currency, in their view, would re-balance China's international trade.However, the validity of such argument is questionable.The Japanese yen, for example, has been appreciated enormously against the U.S. dollar over the past 40 years. Yet Japan's trade surplus with the United States has been continuously on the increase over the same period.The case with the Japanese yen has clearly demonstrated that international payment is not necessarily entirely linked to currency exchange rates. International trade balance is rather determined by international division of labor and product competitiveness.Stephen King, chief economist of the HSBC bank, said it is unreasonable to simply attribute China's big trade surplus to an undervalued currency. China's high savings rate is a more important factor in this respect, he told Xinhua.Nobel Prize laureate Andrew Michael Spence shared King's argument."Reducing the surplus in China involves deep structural change, much as reducing the U.S. deficits does. China's high savings are embedded in the structure of the economy," Spence wrote in Jan. 21's Financial Times.Without structural change, an appreciation of the renminbi might well lead to continued high savings and slow economic growth in China, rather than to a reduction of China's trade surplus, he wrote.International Monetary Fund (IMF) chief economist Olivier Blanchard believes that renminbi appreciation is not a solution for the U.S. economy.According to an IMF model, the American GDP will grow by 1 percent when the renminbi appreciates by 20 percent and other major Asian currencies also appreciate by a similar margin, he told Xinhua."This would be good news for U.S. growth. But this is clearly not enough, by itself to sustain growth in the United States," said Blanchard.World Bank chief economist and Vice President Justin Yifu Lin also said that the appreciation of the renminbi will not solve the problem of trade imbalance between China and the United States. On the contrary, such a move might damage both economies.CHINA BASHING NOT HELPFULObama has frequently attacked China over the renminbi issue in recent months. His motives are thought-provoking.In an article titled "Obama bashes China in order to win midterm elections," Japanese weekly Choice pointed out that after one year in office, the U.S. president now faces a sharp drop in approval ratings, a double-digit unemployment ratio and the loss of Democratic "supermajority" in the Senate.Trying to win the midterm elections under such circumstances, Obama had moved toward a "China-bashing" policy since the end of last year, including imposing high tariffs on Chinese products and pressuring China on renminbi exchange rate.But the truth is China has become the largest victim of U.S. trade protectionism since the outbreak of the global financial crisis.According to statistics released by the United States International Trade Commission, there were roughly 50 trade remedy cases filed by the United States between January and November 2009, half of which targeted China.At the end of last year, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua that some foreign countries kept asking China to appreciate its currency while using various protectionist measures against China. Their real motive was to contain China's growth, he said.Wen reiterated that China will never yield to external pressures on the exchange rate issue.In essence, a country's exchange rate policy is a matter of sovereignty.During a meeting with a visiting delegation of U.S. Chamber of Commerce in May 2005, Wen made it clear that the reform of renminbi's exchange rate was a sovereign right of China, and that every country had the right to choose a foreign exchange system compatible to its own national conditions and a reasonable exchange rate level.Wen said China would obey the rules of a market economy, but would never give in under foreign pressure.Any foreign pressure or attempt to manipulate the issue via news media represented a politicization of economic issues, which was unhelpful, the premier added.George Gilder, founder of Discovery Institute, said that it is neither realistic nor helpful for the United States to raise the renminbi exchange rate issue again with China.Pieter Bottelier, former chief of the World Bank's Resident Mission in China, told Xinhua that China and the United States share broad common interests.A prosperous, stable and strong China is in the interests of the United States and vice versa, said Bottelier. The two nations need to settle their differences through various dialogue mechanisms, he added.In recent years, China has been making efforts to balance international. The renminbi has been steadily appreciated against the U.S. dollar and the euro.Between July 2005, when China began its renminbi exchange rate reform, and the end of 2009, the value of the renminbi has appreciated by 21.21 percent against the U.S. dollar and up by 2.21 percent against the euro.Under such circumstances, China has been the fastest growing export market for the United States in recent years.In 2009, U.S. exports to China amounted to 77.4 billion dollars, accounting for an increasingly larger share in the country's total exports.During the same period, U.S. trade deficits with China dropped by 16 percent year-on-year.In the Asian financial crisis of late 1990s, China won worldwide applause for keeping a stable exchange rate of the renminbi.In the ongoing global financial crisis, while the world's major currencies all lost value, China has remained committed to a responsible renminbi exchange rate policy and has made significant contributions to the recovery of the global economy.Many experts familiar to China-U.S. trade pointed out that in order to achieve trade balance, the United States should take positive and concrete steps, such as increasing hi-tech exports to China and allowing Chinese firms to acquire shares in U.S. financial and technology sectors.

BEIJING, Feb. 21 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government's insight and the adjustment of the economic pattern were the two major factors helping China ride out the global economic downturn, scholars said here Sunday.Zhuang Fuling, professor of Renmin University, said the Chinese government made a correct analysis of China's economic situation and took quick and resolute action.At the end of 2007, the central government called for vigilance against possible scenarios of various sorts. Moreover, in the Central Economic Work Conference held in December 2008, China drew up guidelines to cope with the global economic downturn through domestic consumption expansion, development pattern transformation, key sectors reforms, and continued effort to open up and improve people's livelihood.Ye Duchu, professor of Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), attributed the success to China's systemic advantages."We could employ the country's fullest strength to reduce or offset the negative implications of the crisis," Ye said.The National Bureau of Statistics revealed on Jan. 21 that China maintained a GDP growth rate of 8.7 percent in 2009 despite the global recession.The global financial crisis, by nature a challenge to China's development mode, prompted the country to quicken its drive to transform its economic pattern in a bid to realize sustainable development for the future, scholars say.Lu Zhongyuan, deputy director of Development Research Center under the State Council, said China should seize the opportunity to optimize the economic structure and promote the system and technological innovation.Jin Bei, president of Institute of Economy under Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, considered the crisis a good chance for competitive enterprises to carry out strategic adjustment.On Feb. 3, Chinese President Hu Jintao called for the whole nation's efforts to accelerate the adjustment of China's economic development pattern to promote sound and fast economic and social development.Wu Zongxin, counselor of Counselors' Office of the State Council, highlighted the building of the CPC in pulling through the global economic downturn."China's good performance during crisis is attributed to its staunch and capable leadership," said Wu.The Fourth Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee urged all Party members to be prepared for dangers in times of peace and push forward Party building work to ensure the Party's "backbone" position in people's minds when coping with various domestic and overseas challenges.Zhuang said the rapid and sustained economic growth called for strengthening and improving the Party building under the new circumstances.The cadres of the Party at county levels have been trained at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee since 2008 in a bid to better cope with the global financial crisis."This is an endeavor rarely seen in the world, thus guaranteeing China's effective response in fight against the crisis," said Ye.

BEIJING, Jan. 21 (Xinhua) -- China's yuan-denominated individual home mortgage lending rose 1.4 trillion yuan (204.98 billion U.S. dollars) in 2009, up 47.9 percent from the previous year, said a report issued by the People's Bank of China, the central bank, on Wednesday.The growth rate was 37.4 percentage points higher than the previous year, said the report on China's investment flow in 2009.Meanwhile, the yuan-denominated property development lending gained 576.4 billion yuan in 2009, up 30.7 percent year on year, and the growth rate was 20.4 percentage points more than the previous year, the report said.The total mid-term and long-term loans in foreign and domestic currency expanded 7.1 trillion yuan in 2009, up 43.5 percent from the previous year, and the growth rate was 23.4 percentage points more than the previous year.The short-term loans in foreign and domestic currency expanded 2.3 trillion yuan, up 758.5 billion yuan from the same period last year.Industrial mid-term and long-term loans in foreign and domestic currency added 1 trillion yuan among China's major financial institutions, up 26 percent from the previous year.Infrastructure mid-term and long-term loans in foreign and domestic currency expanded 2.5 trillion yuan, up 43 percent from the same period last year, according to the report.The central bank said on Jan. 15 that China's new yuan-denominated lending in 2009 hit a record 9.59 trillion yuan (1.4 trillion U.S. dollars), almost double that of the previous year.

BEIJING, March 3 (Xinhua) -- The Third Session of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the country's top political advisory body, opened in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing Wednesday.More than 2,000 CPPCC National Committee members, from across the country, will discuss major issues concerning the nation's development during the annual meeting scheduled to conclude on March 13.Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), delivers a report on the work of the CPPCC National Committee's Standing Committee over the past year at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 3, 2010. The Third Session of the 11th CPPCC National Committee opened on Wednesday afternoon.After the session started at 3 p.m., CPPCC National Committee Chairman Jia Qinglin delivered a report on the work of the CPPCC National Committee's Standing Committee over the past year."The CPPCC (last year)...made important contributions to effectively responding to the impact of the global financial crisis, pushing forward the process of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and promoting the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland," Jia said."The CPPCC's cause entered a period of unity, harmony, pragmatic progress and vigorous development," he said.Top Communist Party of China (CPC) and state leaders Hu Jintao, Wu Bangguo, Wen Jiabao, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang and Zhou Yongkang were present at the opening meeting.Founded in 1949, the CPPCC consists of elite members of the Chinese society who are willing to serve the think tank for the government and for the country's legislative and judicial organs.

BEIJING, March 1 (Xinhua) -- A senior leader of the Communist Party of China (CPC) on Monday called on film industry workers to accelerate its development with innovation and new and high technologies.Li Changchun, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, made the call in an instruction for a video conference on the film industry.Li said the film sector had been thriving and the competitiveness of homegrown films had been enhanced in recent years.He called for high quality films that sold in cinemas to increase the influence of Chinese culture.State Councilor Liu Yandong, who chaired Monday's meeting, stressed non-public film companies should be supported and governments at all levels should facilitate the development of the industry.