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LOS ANGELES, April 6 (Xinhua) -- Freeze-dried strawberries may play a role in the prevention of esophageal cancer, a new study suggests."Strawberries may be an alternative or work together with other chemopreventive drugs for the prevention of esophageal cancer," said lead researcher Tong Chen, M.D., Ph.D., assistant professor, division of medical oncology, department of internal medicine at the Ohio State University.Study findings were presented at the ongoing 102nd annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) in Orlando, Florida, according to the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) on Wednesday."We concluded from this study that six months of eating strawberries is safe and easy to consume. In addition, our preliminary data suggests that strawberries can decrease histological grade of precancerous lesions and reduce cancer- related molecular events," said Chen, who is also a member of the Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Program in the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center.The study involved a group of participants who consumed 60 grams of freeze-dried strawberries daily for six months and completed a dietary diary chronicling their strawberry consumption.The researchers obtained biopsy specimens before and after strawberry consumption. The results showed that 29 out of 36 participants experienced a decrease in histological grade of the precancerous lesions during the study.Using freeze-dried strawberries was important because by removing the water from the berries, they concentrated the preventive substances by nearly 10-fold, Chen said.Esophageal cancer is the third most common gastrointestinal cancer and the sixth most frequent cause of cancer death in the world, she noted.Chen and her team are studying esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) which makes up 95 percent of cases of esophageal cancer worldwide. China, where this study took place, has the highest incidence of esophageal SCC, according to the AAAS.In a previous study, Chen and colleagues found that freeze- dried strawberries significantly inhibited tumor development in the esophagus of rats. Based on these results, they embarked on a Phase Ib trial that included participants with esophageal precancerous lesions who were at high risk for esophageal cancer."Our study is important because it shows that strawberries may slow the progression of precancerous lesion in the esophagus," Chen said.But she said they need to test this in randomized placebo- controlled trials in the future.

BEIJING, May 16 (Xinhuanet) -- NASA is close to deciding on a landing site for its Mars rover Curiosity mission by narrowing the choices to four, media reports said Monday.Scientists in the close-knit Mars research community get one last chance to make their case this week when they gather before the "judges" — the team running the 2.5 billion U.S. dollar mission that will soon suggest a landing site to NASA, the ultimate decider."All four of these places are compelling places on Mars to study. There's not a loser among them," said landing site scientist Matt Golombek of the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, one of the meeting's leaders.The mission will use rover Curiosity to study whether a selected area will have environmental conditions suitable for life and for preserving evidence about whether extraterrestial life has existed.Being nuclear-powered, the rover cannot go to a location that has either water or ice within one meter of the surface.The size of a mini Cooper, Curiosity is scheduled to launch in late November after a two-year delay.

BEIJING, March 19 (Xinhua) -- In spite of the fact that snow still covers his farmland, Jiang Chen has been busy stocking fertilizers and seeds to prepare for the coming spring farming season."I am almost ready for the sowing," said Jiang, a 64-year-old peasant who farms five hectares of cropland in Liujia Township in Yushu City, northeast China's Jilin Province. "But the costs are rising so I still want to look for better seeds providing a higher yield this year."As the Chinese government continued policies to assure a good grain harvest this year, millions of farmers like Jiang in China's major grain-producing regions such as Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shandong and Henan provinces are now gearing up to finalize preparations for the coming sowing season.The central government's incentives in 2011 include increases in minimum rice purchase prices by 9.7 percent to 21.9 percent from last year, as well as 24.9 billion yuan (about 3.77 billion U.S. dollars) in subsidies to the national grain risk fund for farmers."Though farmers are richer now than before, our economic strength remains relatively weak as compared with urban residents," Jiang said.He noted that he was considering investing less this year because the cost of agricultural production has increased year after year.The average urea price from manufacturers and retailers rose about 10 percent from last year to about 1,980 yuan and 2,100 yuan per tonne at a grain and oil wholesale market near Yuquan Road in Beijing, where many farmers from neighboring Hebei, Henan and Shandong provinces buy agricultural fertilizers and additives.Urea is the primary fertilizer used by Chinese grain growers, though many of the farmers said that they would reduce the use the compound in their fields due to rising prices and the impact on wheat caused by the widespread drought in north China this winter.Wang Quan, the president of China National Agricultural Means of Production Group Corp., the country's largest supplier of agricultural materials, predicted that the use of urea during the spring farming season would be between 20 million tonnes to 25 million tonnes, which is about two fifths of the year's total.Wang said that the urea price is around 400 U.S. dollars per tonne in global markets, or 15.7 percent higher than the domestic price."I think it takes time for Chinese farmers to accept the price hikes gradually," he added.Analysts say that the different perceptions on urea prices between manufacturers and farmers may have affected China's crops because the reduced use of fertilizers usually mean less grain output in the country since many farmers depend more on fertilizers, rather than technology to boost production.China's grain output rose 2.9 percent last year to 546.41 million tonnes, marking the seventh consecutive year of growth. The country aims to keep its 2011 grain production over 500 million tonnes, according to an executive meeting of the State Council, or the Cabinet, Thursday.Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said last month that rising costs of grain production, the lingering drought in north China's major wheat-growing regions and the weakening of agricultural production in some areas would directly affect China's summer grain output.Facing challenges such as higher costs for growing grain, Jiang believed that he could generate higher income from his crops this year with the support of the agricultural sector by the government."If the grain prices also rise this year, I can still earn a net income of 10,000 yuan for every hectare of farmland," Jiang said."I hope to keep my farmland from being seized for industrial or residential development," he added.

BEIJING, March 3 (Xinhuanet) -- A new study suggested that regular use of painkiller ibuprofen may cut the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, according to Reuters reports.The research findings were published in the online edition of the journal Neurology on Wednesday and later will appear in the print edition on March 8.The study, which followed more than 136,000 U.S. men and women for six years, showed that people who took ibuprofen at least twice a week were 38 percent less likely to develop Parkinson's, a brain disorder that causes tremors and movement problems, compared to those who didn't take the pain reliever so often.Ibuprofen is sold in the U.S. as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). But the study didn't prove that other NSAIDS, like aspirin or naproxen, could also cut the Parkinson's risk."Our study suggests ibuprofen could be a potential neuroprotective agent against Parkinson's," says lead researcher Dr. Xiang Gao from Harvard Medical School, "Protective effects are seen after taking ibuprofen two or more times a week. That's so-called regular use."However, he also warned that no proof has been found that ibuprofen itself can help ward off Parkinson's, and said that it's too early to recommend people to start taking ibuprofen to protect against the disorder.Gao said, "We just see an association, not some causal relationship."Besides, regular ibuprofen use has risks, like stomach bleeding and kidney damage.

BEIJING, May 10 (Xinhuanet) -- Autism spectrum disorder may be under diagnosed and under reported worldwide and rigorous screening is needed for accurate estimates, said researchers in Monday's American Journal of Psychiatry.Researchers from the Yale Child Study Center, George Washington University and other leading institutions screened every child aged 7 to 12 in Ilsan district of the city of Goyang, a community of 488,590 in South Korea, and found more than two-thirds of ASD cases in the mainstream school population unrecognized and untreated.They estimated the prevalence of ASD in South Korea to be 2.64 percent, or approximately 1 in 38 children.The figure is more than twice the rate usually reported in the developed world. Even that rate, about 1 percent, has been climbing rapidly in recent years — from 0.6 percent in the United States in 2007, for example.“From the get-go we had the feeling that we would find a higher prevalence than other studies because we were looking at an understudied population: children in regular schools,” said the lead researcher, Dr. Young-Shin Kim, a child psychiatrist and epidemiologist at the Yale Child Study Center.By contrast, other research groups measure autism prevalence by examining and verifying records of existing cases kept by health care and special education agencies, but leaving out many children whose parents and schools have never sought a diagnosis.Kim said the researchers concluded autism prevalence estimates worldwide may increase if rigorous screening and comprehensive population studies are used to produce prevalence estimates.But it is suggested the findings did not mean that the actual numbers of children with autism were rising, simply that the study was more comprehensive than previous ones.

来源：资阳报