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BEIJING, Feb. 4 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government Friday initiated a relief and assistance program for eight drought-ravaged provinces, said a statement on the website of Ministry of Agriculture.The government had implemented a grade II emergency response, meaning a 24-hour alert, daily damage reports, and the dispatching of experts and relief materials, said the statement.The ministry had sent teams to help with relief work in the provinces of Hebei, Shanxi, Jangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi and Gansu, said the statement.The four-month drought had affected 35.1 percent of wheat crops, -- 96.11 million mu (6.4 million hectares) -- accounting for 21.7 percent of total farmland in the provinces, it said.The wheat growing area in the eight provinces accounted for more than 80 percent of the country's total, said the statement.The provinces have received little rainfall since October last year, it said.

MOSCOW, May 24 (Xinhua) -- Russia's Soyuz TMA-20 spacecraft with three crew members onboard has landed in Kazakhstan on Tuesday, said the Mission Control Center (MCC) outside Moscow.The spacecraft undocked from the International Space Station early Tuesday, carrying Russian cosmonaut Dmitry Kondratyev, European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Paolo Nespoli and NASA astronaut Catherine Coleman back to Earth.According to the center, the Soyuz TMA-20 landed in the Kazakh steppe at 6:27 Moscow time (0227 GMT). Some 17 planes and helicopters and several rescue vehicles had conducted search works.Flight engineers Catherine "Cady" Coleman of the U.S. (L) and Italian Paolo Nespoli (R), and Russian cosmonaut and station commander Dmitry Kondratyev are seen after the Soyuz capsule landed, about 150 km (93 miles) southeast of the Kazakh town of Zhezkazgan May 24, 2011. A Russian Soyuz capsule delivered an international trio of astronauts back to Earth on Tuesday after six months on the International Space Station, parachuting through clear skies toward a safe landing on the Kazakh steppe.Deputy head of Federal Medical and Biological Agency Vyacheslav Rogozhkin said Italian astronaut Naspoli had some health problem after landing."Two crew members are fine, the third one has some problems with his vestibular system," Rogozhkin told a press conference after the landing.In December, the Soyuz TMA-20 was launched from the Kazakh Baikonur space center with three crew members.The next launch of manned spacecraft to the ISS was scheduled in early June.

WASHINGTON, May 2 (Xinhua) -- Rice originated in China, a team of U.S. genome researchers has concluded in a study tracing back thousands of years of evolutionary history through large-scale gene re-sequencing.Their findings, which appear Monday in the latest issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), indicate that domesticated rice may have first appeared as far back as approximately 9,000 years ago in the Yangtze Valley of China. Previous research suggested domesticated rice may have two points of origin -- India as well as China.Asian rice, Oryza sativa, is one of world's oldest crop species. It is also a very diverse crop, with tens of thousands of varieties known throughout the world. Two major subspecies of rice -- japonica and indica -- represent most of the world's varieties. Sushi rice, for example, is a type of japonica, while most of the long-grain rice in risottos are indica.Because rice is so diverse, its origins have been the subject of scientific debate. One theory -- a single-origin model -- suggests that indica and japonica were domesticated once from the wild rice O. rufipogon.Another -- a multiple-origin model -- proposes that these two major rice types were domesticated separately and in different parts of Asia. The multiple-origin model has gained currency in recent years as biologists have observed significant genetic differences between indica and japonica, and several studies examining the evolutionary relationships among rice varieties supported more than domestication in both India and China.In the PNAS study, the researchers re-assessed the evolutionary history, or phylogeny, of domesticated rice using previously published datasets, some of which have been used to argue that indica and japonica rice have separate origins. Using more modern computer algorithms, however, the researchers concluded these two species have the same origin because they have a closer genetic relationship to each other than to any wild rice species found in either India or China.In addition, the study's authors examined the phylogeny of domesticated rice by re-sequencing 630 gene fragments on selected chromosomes from a diverse set of wild and domesticated rice varieties. Using new modeling techniques, which had previously been used to look at genomic data in human evolution, their results showed that the gene sequence data was more consistent with a single origin of rice.In the study, the investigators also used a "molecular clock" of rice genes to see when rice evolved. Depending on how the researchers calibrated their clock, they pinpointed the origin of rice at possibly 8,200 years ago, while japonica and indica split apart from each other about 3,900 years ago. The study's authors pointed out that these molecular dates were consistent with archaeological studies.Archaeologists have uncovered evidence in the last decade for rice domestication in the Yangtze Valley beginning approximately 8, 000 to 9,000 years ago while domestication of rice in the India's Ganges region was around about 4,000 years ago."As rice was brought in from China to India by traders and migrant farmers, it likely hybridized extensively with local wild rice," explained New York University biologist Michael Purugganan, one of the study's co-authors. "So domesticated rice that we may have once thought originated in India actually has its beginnings in China."

KAMPALA, May 14 (Xinhua) -- The deadly Ebola hemorrhagic fever has broken out in Uganda, killing one person and leaving over 30 others being monitored by health officials, ministry of health announced here on Saturday.The epicenter of the outbreak is in the central Ugandan district of Luwero located about 50 km north of the capital Kampala.According to Anthony Mbonye, head of the community health department at the ministry of health, a 12 year old girl in Zirombwe Sub-county developed symptoms of Ebola and when she was admitted at a military hospital in the district, laboratory test confirmed that it was Ebola.The Ebola virus is highly contagious and causes a range of symptoms including fever, vomiting, diarrhea, generalized pain or malaise and in many cases internal and external bleeding.The girl died on May 6 and about 30 people who she got contact with are being asked to not get into contact with the public as health officials monitor them for about 21 days.The 30 people have not yet developed the symptoms but if they do, they will be isolated from the public.Mbonye said that preliminary investigations have showed that this Ebola virus is similar to the one that broke out in Sudan, thus named Sudan Ebola.The epicenter of the outbreak is also located along the high way to southern Sudan.This viral subtype has a human case fatality rate of 60 percent meaning that it will kill 60 percent of the infected people.The other subtype is the Congo Ebola which also attacked Uganda in 2007. This one has a human case fatality rate of over 80 percent.The 2007 outbreak which occurred in the western district of Bundibugyo bordering eastern Democratic Republic of Congo claimed 37 lives out of the 148 infected.Mbonye said that there also ongoing investigations to find out whether the index case got into contact with moneys or bats, the known reservoirs of the Ebola virus.Following the outbreak, government has reactivated the National Ebola Task Force (NETF) to coordinate the fight against the disease at the national level.District task forces are also in the process of being formed according to Mbonye, who is the chairperson of the NETF.

来源：资阳报