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BEIJING, March 24 (Xinhuanet) -- A new study has found that Actos, a medicine treats onset diabetes, could also reduce the diabetes risk in people with prediabetes.The study, which was published Wednesday in New England Journal of Medicine, followed 602 prediabetics whose obesity, ethnicity, family history and other factors put them at high risk of developing diabetes.The research findings showed that Actos, generically known as pioglitazone, reduced the odds of developing Type 2 diabetes by 72 percent in people with prediabetes.Only 2.1 percent of those who took Actos developed diabetes each year over the three years of the study, compared with 7.6 percent of those who took a placebo.Lead author of the study Ralph DeFronzo said, "The 72 percent reduction is the largest decrease in the conversion rate of pre-diabetes to (Type 2) diabetes that has ever been demonstrated by any intervention, be it diet, exercise or medication."However, Actos can have significant side effects, including water retention, moderate weight gain, and increased risk of bone fractures.

BEIJING, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- China's civil affairs ministers visited survivors of last year's 7.1-magnitude Yushu earthquake and Zhouqu mudslide prior to China's lunar new year.Dou Yupei, vice minister of Civil Affairs, led a team to Yushu in northwest China's Qinghai Province to visit quake survivors and local cadres beginning on Sunday.Dou told Xinhua that quake survivors in Yushu now had access to food, clothing, safe drinking water, shelters and medical services, and the reconstruction of quake-damaged houses was well underway.Further, the ministry has distributed 45,000 cotton-padded tents to Yushu to house survivors during the extremely cold winter on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.So far, 160,000 tents have been set up to assure that all survivors have a roof overhead, according to the ministry's statement issued Wednesday.Yushu was jolted by a 7.1-magnitude earthquake on April 14, leaving 2,200 people dead and 220,000 local residents affected.Another vice minister, Sun Shaocheng, visited survivors from a massive mudslide that left 1,700 people dead or missing in Zhouqu, Gansu province.To provide warm shelters to survivors, the Zhouqu county government invested three million yuan (455,000 U.S. Dollars) in renovating vacant school buildings or installing facilities in newly-built apartments.All survivors who previously had taken shelter in make-shift tents were relocated to these buildings before Oct. 13, according to the ministry's statement.

WASHINGTON, April 29 (Xinhua) -- A U.S. appeals court ruled on Friday that the Obama administration can continue the taxpayer- funding for human embryonic stem cell research.The U.S. Court of Appeals in Washington overturned a preliminary federal court order that would have blocked the U.S. Health and Human Services Department and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) from spending government money on embryonic stem cells research."Today's ruling is a victory for our scientists and patients around the world who stand to benefit from the groundbreaking medical research they're pursuing," said Nicholas Papas, a White House spokesman.U.S. President Barack Obama has been trying to expand government funding for human embryonic stem cells research, saying that years of progress on finding cures for spinal cord injuries, Parkinson's disease and other diseases would be lost without the government support on this field.Opponents have been arguing the research is unacceptable because embryonic stem cells can only be obtained through destroying human embryos.Last August, a federal judge ruled that the government-backed embryonic stem cell research violated the law because embryos were destroyed in the process and it jeopardized the position of researchers using adult stem cells for winning federal grants.The government immediately appealed to the ruling, and the appeals court said the research could continue at the NIH before the judge ruled on the case.

WASHINGTON, May 17 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced Tuesday that the international Aquarius/SAC-D observatory will be launched on June 9, to study interactions between ocean circulation, the water cycle and climate by measuring ocean surface salinity.Engineers at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California are performing final tests before mating the satellite to its Delta II rocket. The mission is a collaboration between NASA and Argentina' s space agency, with participation from Brazil, Canada, France and Italy.In addition to Aquarius, the primary instrument, the observatory carries seven other instruments that will collect environmental data for a wide range of applications, including studies of natural hazards, air quality, land processes and epidemiology.The mission will make NASA's first space observations of the concentration of dissolved salt at the ocean surface. Aquarius' observations will reveal how salinity variations influence ocean circulation, trace the path of freshwater around our planet, and help drive Earth's climate. The ocean surface constantly exchanges water and heat with Earth's atmosphere. Approximately 80 percent of the global water cycle that moves freshwater from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean happens over the ocean.Salinity plays a key role in these exchanges. By tracking changes in ocean surface salinity, Aquarius will monitor variations in the water cycle caused by evaporation and precipitation over the ocean, river runoff, the freezing and melting of sea ice. Salinity also makes seawater denser, causing it to sink, where it becomes part of deep, interconnected ocean currents. This deep ocean "conveyor belt" moves water masses and heat from the tropics to the polar regions, helping to regulate Earth's climate."Salinity is the glue that bonds two major components of Earth' s complex climate system: ocean circulation and the global water cycle," said Aquarius Principal Investigator Gary Lagerloef of Earth & Space Research in Seattle in a statement. "Aquarius will map global variations in salinity in unprecedented detail, leading to new discoveries that will improve our ability to predict future climate."Aquarius will measure salinity by sensing microwave emissions from the water's surface with a radiometer instrument. These emissions can be used to indicate the saltiness of the surface water, after accounting for other environmental factors. Salinity levels in the open ocean vary by only about five parts per thousand, and small changes are important. Aquarius uses advanced technologies to detect changes in salinity as small as about two parts per 10,000, equivalent to a pinch (about one-eighth of a teaspoon) of salt in a gallon of water.Aquarius will map the entire open ocean every seven days for at least three years from 408 miles (657 kilometers) above Earth. Its measurements will produce monthly estimates of ocean surface salinity with a spatial resolution of 93 miles (150 kilometers). The data will reveal how salinity changes over time and from one part of the ocean to another.