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BEIJING, April 12 -- China has made significant efforts to pursue energy and resource efficiencies to achieve sustainable development, while the nation still faces challenges in the transition to a low-carbon economy and needs integrated solution systems."China is already a world leader in critical low-carbon technologies such as solar power, heat and wind turbines, however, it should do more in some key areas, including energy systems, transport, water and food supply during the transformation," said Bjorn Stigson, president of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), a coalition of some 200 companies dealing exclusively with business and sustainable development.ChallengesChanging energy use is the biggest of China's challenges when transforming to a green economy. "Less oil, more renewable energy; less coal, more electricity," said Stigson, adding that China's explosive industrial development has placed great pressure on the consumption of energy and other resources.The large share of coal in China's energy mix is one reason why greenhouse gas emissions have climbed so sharply in recent years, though the government has invested heavily in the recycled energy sector."It (China) added more new wind power capacity than any other country last year and progress is on track for nearly 40 million households to use biogas by 2010," he said.Stigson indicated that driving up the efficiency of older power stations is a key part of the solution so far, as are opportunities to switch to natural gas and upgrade the transmission grid - but a rapid increase in the share of renewable energy and nuclear power in the coming decades will be essential.He added that another benefit of the change is that China can soon become a new energy products and services exporter in the near future.Transportation is another pillar as the transport sector is the largest and fastest-growing global emitter of CO2. Currently, about 70 percent of China's energy is used by industry, and only about 10 percent as fuel for its transportation needs, but car ownership is growing daily in China, and energy consumption and emissions are likely to increase significantly in the coming years."Fortunately, the government has put fuel efficiency limits on cars, which are tougher than those in the United States, but more is needed to promote hybrid and electric cars," said StigsonWater is also crucial, which was highlighted by the current severe drought in southwestern China. Increasing the efficiency of water resources is a tough task for China.In addition, food supply cannot be ignored. As a food security measure, China's 11th Five Year Plan (2006-10) set a minimum land area of 122 million hectares for grain production in China by 2020. Keeping above this level is an increasingly difficult challenge, given the impact of climate change and rapid urbanization in China."Further improving water and land management practice will be key to maximizing potentials and minimizing the impact on the environment, but this is a significant challenge," said Stigson.

CANBERRA, May 14 (Xinhua) -- Visiting General Guo Boxiong, Vice- Chairmen of China's Central Military Commission met the Australian Chief of the Defense Force Air Chief Marshall Angus Houston on Friday.Guo said China and Australia have extensive range of common interests and hold responsibilities in safeguarding regional stability and promoting common development.The two countries are important trading partners, maintaining good dialogues and consultation in responding to international financial crisis, climate change and other major issues such as the Asia-Pacific regional cooperation, he added.According to Guo, defense and military relations between China and Australia in recent years are more matured, more dynamic and the cooperation has great potential and bright prospects for development.In order to better response to the diversity of regional and global challenges, the two sides need to further strengthen communication, enhance mutual trust, consolidate the basis of mutually beneficial cooperation, the Chinese General said.Houston said that together with the increasing national strength, China will play a greater role in global and regional affairs. Australia hopes to strengthen cooperation with China in communication and cooperation, jointly safeguarding regional peace and stability.He said that meanwhile, the Australian government is satisfied with the current bilateral defense and military relations.Guo arrived on Tuesday in Australia for an official visit, and held talks with Australian Defense Minister John Faulkner and met with Australian Foreign Minister Stephen Smith.

BEIJING, May 24 (Xinhua) -- Clean energy projects, specifically new energy vehicles, energy-efficient construction and clean coal technology, are the key areas of science cooperation between China and the United States, a Chinese official said here on Monday.According to a new agreement between the two countries, they will invest in joint laboratories, and support research in related areas, Cao Jianlin, vice minister of science and technology of China, told a news briefing on the second China-U.S. Strategic and Economic Dialogues."Both China and the U.S. are the major car production and consumption countries thus both seek to develop new energy vehicles," said Cao.China is the biggest construction market in the world and a major coal consumption country, while the U.S. is also eyeing energy conservation in construction and coal consumption, he said.The U.S. is a country with advanced technologies, and China also has cutting-edge technologies regarding energy applications. The complementary cooperation between the two will benefit both Chinese and American people, Cao added.

CHICAGO, April 5 (Xinhua) -- There are some very exciting opportunities for collaboration between the United States and China in carbon exchange, said a senior executive in Chicago Monday.Richard L. Sandor is chairman and founder of the Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX), the world's first and North America's only voluntary, legally binding greenhouse gas cap-and-trade system. Sandor is also chairman of the Chicago Climate Futures Exchange ( CCFE), the world's leading futures exchange for environmental products.Sandor told Xinhua in an exclusive interview, "I recently spent two weeks in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Hong Kong. My view, based on the people I've met with on my trips and that I work with everyday, is that there are some very exciting opportunities for collaboration between the U.S. and China in the field of carbon exchange."He said that a great example is the recent establishment of a joint venture between Chicago Climate Exchange and two Chinese partners -- China National Petroleum Corporation and the City of Tianjin. Working together they will develop an electronic emission trading platform and auction facility for financial products to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions and water pollutants, as well as enhancement of energy efficiency, said Sandor.Sandor added, "The Tianjin Climate Exchange (TCX) has begun to implement pilot initiatives that can help pave the way for a strong market-based infrastructure that facilitates the environmental and policy goals of the People's Republic of China."When talking about the opportunities and challenges facing the U.S.-China collaboration in carbon trading area, Sandor said, "We operate in a range of legal and regulatory frameworks with global affiliates in the United States, Europe, China, Australia and Canada. While each country has unique characteristics that come with different demands and needs, what seems to be clear across the board is the importance a market mechanism will play in meeting those demands."He further explained, "Interest is growing globally in carbon markets as a way to achieve better strategic management of energy costs, new products, new sources of revenue, job creation and poverty alleviation. Going forward this is likely to develop on what could be called a "pluri-lateral" basis. There will be markets in different parts of the world that are linked by similar contracts -- much like you see with crude oil today or like we saw with cotton in the 19th century."The farming and forestry carbon exchange offsets program has been an important part of Chicago Climate Exchange. Sandor said, " Since Chicago Climate Exchange began in 2003, the offsets program has covered approximately 17.2 million acres, 9,000 individual farmers, ranchers and forest owners and 32.4 million metric tons of offsets. Mitigation practices taking place on farms, ranches and forests are good for water, wildlife and the climate, while providing a new income source for rural economies. "Regarding the effect of the offsets program, Sandor said, " Thousands of farmers, foresters and ranchers who commit to exceptional management practices that remove carbon from the air are now earning new income. The verified best practices that are used by land managers make crops better able to weather climate extremes, generate clean economy jobs, and incentivize new techniques that can further cut emissions.""However, this is only a small part of what Chicago Climate Exchange members have been able to achieve," said Sandor. "Of all reductions made by CCX members since 2003, about 15 percent have been through offset projects. The remaining cuts are made through companies that are taking a broad range of steps to reduce their emissions. Electricity generators have implemented efficiency retrofits at power plants, used lower-carbon fuels, and optimized nuclear and hydro plant operations."When commenting on the U.S. legislation on carbon exchange, Sandor told Xinhua, "In June of 2009 a comprehensive climate legislation bill was approved by the U.S. House of Representatives which included a national greenhouse gas reduction and trading system with compliance required starting in 2012. In the Senate, progress continues on multiple fronts. Senator Kerry is currently collaborating with Senators Lieberman and Graham to craft a bill with bipartisan support."He continued, "While policymakers at the federal level work through the details of a federal bill, interest is growing in regionally mandated markets, such as the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, which trades on the Chicago Climate Futures Exchange ( CCFE). State governments are increasingly looking to encourage renewable power generation and driving growth in renewable markets. "Sandor is also a research professor at the Kellogg Graduate School of Management at Northwestern University where he teaches a course on environmental finance. He is a Member of the International Advisory Council of Guanghua School of Management at Peking University and a member of the TERI School of Management Advisory Committee in India. Sandor previously taught at the University of California Berkeley, Stanford University, and Columbia University.

CHICAGO, May 22 (Xinhua) -- The macroeconomic control policies adopted by the Chinese government since mid-2008 have been proven successful, two economists said Saturday.Since late 2008, the Chinese government has taken a series of macroeconomic control policies to deal with the global financial crisis. The government carried on massive financial investment, some of which focused on real estate."In spite of some problems, the Chinese government has been making great progress in regulating and controlling the Chinese economy during the global financial crisis," Min Tang, a Chinese economist, said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua."Everything has two sides, good and bad. This macroeconomic control policy is an action taken to fight against a crisis," he said.Tang believed that whether or not the policies are successful should be judged from the macro perspective instead of a micro perspective."China was able to resume its rapid growth first when the global economy was still going downhill," Tang said, "China also successfully kept the confidence of its people and enterprises, which is more important than anything else. Therefore, the government's macro control is very successful."

来源：资阳报