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BEIJING, Jan. 11 (Xinhua) -- A Chinese military official said Tuesday that China's military hardware development is not aimed at any other country.Guan Youfei, deputy director of Foreign Affairs Office of the Defense Ministry, made the remarks while responding to a question on the reported test flight of J-20 stealth fighter jet."The development of China's military hardware is not aimed at any other country or any specific target and the timing was a matter of routine working arrangements," said Guan.Weaponry was developed to safeguard China's national sovereignty, security and territorial integrity, and to adapt to the world's military changes, as well as the constant development of new weapons, he said.Guan denied the test flight was timed deliberately to coincide with U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates' China visit.China would always take the path of peaceful development, and adhere to the national defense policy, which was defensive in nature, he said.China would not seek hegemony, military expansion, an arms race, nor pose a threat to any country, Guan said.

NEW DELHI, Dec. 16 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and his Indian counterpart Manmohan Singh on Thursday reaffirmed their commitment to promote bilateral relations.In their talks, Wen said the relationship between China and India has experienced an unusual course of development over the past 60 years. However, friendly cooperation has always been the main stream, which is not only in the interest of both countries and peoples, but also helpful for peace and development of the region and the world at large.The Chinese premier, who arrived here Wednesday for his second official visit to India following the trip in 2005, pointed out that this year marked the 60th anniversary of the establishment of China-India diplomatic ties.He said he is satisfied with the progress of bilateral relations over the years and looks forward to the future.The two countries should grasp the historical opportunity to boost political and strategic mutual trust and move forward the China-India relations along the track of lasting friendship, mutually beneficial cooperation and common development, Wen added."I hope my current visit is the one to carry on the past and open a way for future, which will further enhance our win-win cooperation," Wen said.Singh said that high-level exchanges between China and India have become closer, and political and strategic mutual trust has continuously improved.He said that the comprehensive cooperation in all fields has been enhanced ever since the two countries established a strategic and cooperative partnership for peace and prosperity five years ago.At present, the two countries are at a crucial stage of development, Singh said.He said the enhancement of communications and cooperation was not only conducive to the development of India and China, but also will push forward the rejuvenation of Asia and promote world peace and development."I believe the visit of Premier Wen will give a new impetus to bilateral relations," Singh said.

BEIJING, Dec. 22, (Xinhua) -- China has rejected the Vatican's criticism of a recent national congress of Chinese Catholics, blaming the Vatican for damaging relations between the two sides.A spokesperson for the State Administration for Religious Affairs (SARA) said Wednesday the Vatican's criticism was very imprudent and ungrounded.In a statement dated Dec. 17, the Vatican condemned the congress, which elected the new leadership of China's Catholic church, and accused China of violating religious freedom.The congress from Dec. 7 to 9 elected the heads and other senior members of the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association (CCPA) and the Bishops' Conference of the Catholic Church in China (BCCCC).The spokesperson said the congress, which is held every five years to amend the CCPA's and BCCCC's constitutions, elect a new leadership and set future agenda, does not deal with Catholic doctrines or violate the fundamental Catholic faith, and "there is no question of getting recognition by any foreign organization or state."The spokesperson said China's religious freedom was protected by the Chinese Constitution, and it was a misinterpretation by the Vatican to declare the incompatibility of Catholic doctrine and the Chinese Catholic church's principle of independent self-governance.China's Constitution grants Chinese citizens freedom of religious beliefs, but requires independence of religious organizations and affairs in China from foreign influence.Under this constitutional provision, the Catholic church and other religions in China adhered to the principle of self-governance and self-support, the spokesperson said.The CCPA and the BCCCC endorsed this principle in their new constitutions adopted at the congress, according to the spokesperson."The BCCCC fulfills her Pastoral Mission at the Faith and Evangelization according to the power and authority of our Lord Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit endowed upon His Disciples," said the BCCCC's constitution.On the dogma and moral teachings of the Church, the constitution said the BCCCC is "in union with the Successor of St. Peter, the Head of the community of the Disciples.""Has the Vatican not read the two constitutions? Or is it obscuring the boundary between faith and politics on purpose?" the spokesperson said in response to Vatican's declaration of the incompatibility of the constitutions with Catholic doctrine.

OSLO, Dec. 10 (Xinhua) -- More than 200 overseas Chinese in Norway demonstrated here on Friday to protest against the Nobel Committee's decision to confer this year's Nobel Peace Prize to Liu Xiaobo, a convicted Chinese criminal.The organizers said the overseas Chinese, who joined the demonstration near Oslo city hall despite cold weather, were from 13 Chinese communities.The protestors held banners reading "Liu Xiaobo Is A Criminal!""No Meddling in China's Internal Affairs!" "Peace Prize = Political Tool!" "Opposition to Nobel Peace Prize to Liu Xiaobo" and "Oppose The Wrong Decision By The Norwegian Nobel Committee", chanting slogans such as "China has contributed to world peace!"A Norwegian man also took part in the protest, holding a banner reading "Liu Xiaobo did nothing to peace!"Ma Lie, president of Norway Association for Promoting Peaceful Reunification of China, said the Nobel Committee made a wrong decision to confer the prize to Liu, noting it should not intervene in China's domestic affairs and hoping the committee can really understand the notion of world peace.On Nov. 29, representatives of overseas Chinese in Norway handed an open letter to Geir Lundestad, secretary of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, strongly protesting the awarding of this year's Nobel Peace Prize to Liu.Liu was sentenced to 11 years in prison for engaging in activities aimed at overthrowing the government.

JINAN, Dec. 21 (Xinhua) -- A rural endowment insurance scheme, which is being operated on trial basis in part of the country's rural area, may bring an end to the tradition of rural seniors who depend on their children for financial support.Under the insurance scheme introduced in September last year, farmers across the country, who aged 60 years or older, each can receive a pension of 55 yuan (8.3 U.S. dollars) paid by the government per month."I never dreamed I would receive a pension like urban residents do," said Liu Fengyan from Nanlin Village, Pingyi County, in east China's Shandong Province."My wife and I receive 110 yuan in total each month and that is enough to subsidize our daily expenses," Liu told reporters.Liu, together with hundreds of thousands of other elderly rural Chinese across China, is one of the first to benefit from the insurance scheme.The Chinese government has vowed to expand the scheme 10 percent per year and cover the whole country by the year 2020.Those under the age of 60 will have to pay 100 to 800 yuan per year into a fund so they can draw the pension once they hit 60 years of age."Farmers are enthusiastic about the program, and nearly 90 percent of farmers in the pilot areas in Shandong have joined the scheme," said Liu Qianjin, deputy director of the Rural Social Insurance Department of the Shandong Provincial Human Resources and Social Security Bureau.Previous pension programs that were not widely accepted because their funding came from the farmers themselves. The new pension is different - it is government funded.The value of the pension differs across China, depending on the financial status of the relevant local government."My husband's mother can get 260 yuan pension each month. She was never covered by social insurance before," said Wang Huailan, 58, from Nancai Village, Shunyi District, Beijing.Wang herself is able to receive 347 yuan per month from the urban-rural residents' pension insurance program.In China's most impoverished province, Guizhou, 27 counties, or 30 percent of all counties, are covered by the pension scheme which benefits more than 1.91 million low-income farmers.By the end of 2010, the rural pension scheme will reach 23 percent of all Chinese counties, Minister of Human Resources and Social Security Yin Weimin said in a recent statement.China's elderly population is growing quickly, posing a new challenge for the government.The number of elderly people aged 60 years or over in China in 2009 grew by 7.25 million to more than 167 million, a report by the Office of the China National Committee on Ageing said.China has a population of 1.3 billion, with 56 percent of its citizens living in rural areas not covered by social security programs.The rural pension scheme -- endorsed by the State Council, China's cabinet -- will ensure the basic living standards of elderly Chinese in rural areas and help narrow the standard-of-living gap between urban and rural areas.Although it is a small sum of money, it is the start of a new era in China, Premier Wen Jiabao said in an interview with Xinhua at the end of 2009.