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BEIJING, June 11 (Xinhua) -- The Baidu Charitable Foundation (The Baidu Foundation) and The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (The Gates Foundation) founded a strategic charitable alliance here Saturday, in a bid to work for a healthy, smoke-free environment both in China and around the world.Li Yanhong, president of Baidu company, China's top online search engine operator, and Bill Gates, co-chair and trustee of the foundation under the names of the couple, attending the ceremony, both wore a shirt that said, "Say No to Forced Smoking."In his speech at the ceremony, Bill Gates said, "This will be a long-term, open-ended alliance. As a sponsor, Mr. Li and I would like to welcome more partners, and we expect to see more Chinese enterprises and all facets of society to focus on public health issues together."Li Yanhong also addressed the meeting, claiming, "Living healthy and green has become a common pursuit of mankind. We hope the alliance can bring together public efforts for this global cause, so that more people can benefit from our endeavor." ' The alliance's first action is to comply with the government ban on smoking in public places and refuse forced smoking, according to a press release from the foundations.Targeting "forced smokers," the alliance will carry out educational campaign through all channels of media to educate and promote self-awareness about the dangers of forced smoking. Moreover, it will also help existing smokers, especially those who are underage, by sharing scientific methods for quitting.Smoking is one of the world's eight primary causes of death, leading to lung disease, cancer, heart disease, low birth rate, fetal death, tuberculosis, high mortality and many other health issues. Smoking forces many families into poverty by causing both poor health and premature death.China ranks first in tobacco consumption and production in the world. China has 300 million smokers, and one in every three cigarettes smoked in the world is smoked in China. More than half of Chinese smokers are male; and more than 1 million people die from smoking related diseases each year.In addition, China has 740 million "forced smokers," whose health also suffers. The World Health Organization (WHO) notes that there is no safe level of second-hand smoke.This year, China published its 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015) that clearly stipulates for "implementing a full-scale ban on smoking in public facilities." This is the first time that tobacco control has been included as part of China's five-year plan for national economic and social development."Rules for Implementation of Public Facilities Health Management Regulations," effective since May 1st, also specifies to "ban smoking at all public indoor facilities," providing legal basis for non-smokers to protect their rights of health and to refuse "involuntary smoking."Aside from tobacco control, the strategic alliance co-founded by the foundations will also collaborate on a series of projects, such as AIDS prevention and control, in a joint effort to promote health for mankind.Founded in 2000, the Gates Foundation currently carries out charity projects in over 100 countries. Since establishing the Beijing Representative Office in 2007, the Gates Foundation has supported a range of health and development projects in China, including the advocacy of smoke-free environment, AIDS and tuberculosis prevention and control, and agricultural development and research projects.Launched in 2010, the Baidu Foundation is committed to use information technology for support of youth and disadvantaged groups, focus on the environment and promote social harmony.Ever since Baidu was founded, Li has actively pushed for tobacco control within the enterprise and the industry. He is the only Chinese member of the United Nation AIDS Prevention Senior Committee and also board member of the HuaXia Charity Foundation.

UNITED NATIONS, Sept. 19 (Xinhua) -- As the UN on Monday pursued the world's top killer -- non-communicable diseases (NCDs) -- a leading doctor from the World Health Organization (WHO) called for preventative measures on such chronic diseases to be placed higher on the international agenda."It's not a choice of dealing with it or not, it's an absolute fundamental imperative for development," said Dr. Douglas Bettcher, WHO's director for the Tobacco Free Initiative, told Xinhua in a recent telephone interview.With NCDs already claiming 36 million lives a year -- nearly 100,000 people a day -- the UN Geneva-based health agency, WHO warns that deaths from chronic diseases will continue to climb even faster, amounting to 52 million deaths by 2030.As world leaders on Monday kicked off a two-day high-level meeting to enact a roadmap to attack diseases like cancer, diabetes, heart and lung diseases, it is hoped that the summit on NCDs, which is being called a "once in a generation opportunity," moves to become a "worldwide priority," Bettcher said.Marking the second time in its history that the United Nations General Assembly has ever put a global disease on the table, health experts and world leaders from 193 nations met to avert what the UN has declared a "public health emergency in slow motion. ""It's a make it or break it time for moving forward this very important agenda at this time of global financial crisis," said Bettcher.Calling NCDs the top global killer "by a long shot," Bettcher attributed such rises in deaths partly to the aging of the world's population, rapid urbanization and increased exposure to risk factors, particularly in low-and middle-income countries."This is a landmark meeting," said UN Secretary-General Ban Ki- moon at the opening of the unprecedented meeting. "Three out of every five people on earth die from the diseases that we gather here to address."The last time the UN looked at a health issue under the global microscope on such a high-level was almost a decade ago.

BEIJING, July 17 (Xinhua) -- China's land prices in 105 cities rose 1.87 percent on average in the second quarter over the first, but the rate of growth slowed, the China Urban Land Price Dynamic Monitor, a land price information provider, announced Sunday. < In the second quarter, land price for business properties averaged 5,506 yuan (about 847 U.S. dollars) per square meter, up 2.77 percent from the previous quarter. The growth rate slowed by 0.56 percentage points.Land price for residential properties averaged 4,443 yuan per square meter, up 2.17 percent. The growth slowed by 0.27 percentage points. The price for industrial uses, meanwhile, was up 1.13 percent to reach 645 yuan per square meter. The growth fell 0.3 percentage points.The country's three most prosperous regions, the Yangtze River Delta Region, Pearl River (Zhujiang) Delta Region, and the Bohai Rim, all reported slower land price growth in the second quarter.

WASHINGTON, June 6 (Xinhua) -- Women who have higher levels of the appetite-controlling hormone leptin have fewer symptoms of depression, and this apparent inverse relationship is not related to body mass index (BMI), a new study finds. The results were presented Monday at The Endocrine Society's 93rd Annual Meeting in Boston, the United States."Animal data suggest that leptin may reduce anxiety and improve depression. Our study in women suggests that leptin may indeed have antidepressant qualities," said the study's lead author, Elizabeth Lawson, of Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston.Leptin, the product of fat cells, signals satiety, or fullness. It is low in thin women and high in obese women, according to Lawson. She also said there is an increased prevalence of anxiety and depression in certain conditions in which leptin levels are typically low. These include the eating disorder anorexia nervosa, in which there is abnormally low weight and body fat, and functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, in which women have stopped menstruating despite having normal weight."It is unknown whether low leptin levels contribute to the development of mood disorders in these women," Lawson said.She and her co-workers studied the relationship between leptin levels and symptoms of anxiety and depression in 64 women. Fifteen of the women had anorexia nervosa, 12 were normal weight with hypothalamic amenorrhea, 20 were normal weight and in good health, and 17 were overweight or obese but still healthy.All subjects were asked questions to assess symptoms of depression and anxiety, with high scores indicating more symptoms. Besides measuring leptin levels in the blood, the researchers assessed the women's BMI, a measure of weight for height.The relationship between leptin and depression symptoms was independent of BMI. This finding indicates that leptin may mediate symptoms of depression and that this effect is not a function of low weight, Lawson said."Further research administering leptin to humans will be important in understanding whether this hormone has a potential role in the treatment of depression," she said.

CANBERRA, Aug. 29 (Xinhua) -- An Australia report released on Monday draws a direct link between inaction on climate change and long-term social and mental health problems.The Climate Institute report, A Climate of Suffering: The Real Cost of Living with Inaction on Climate Change, points that in the wake of extreme weather in Australia, such as cyclones and droughts, there is an increase in depression, anxiety, post- traumatic stress and substance abuse.As many as one in five people reported "emotional injury, stress and despair" in the wake of these events.The report also warns continuing catastrophic weather events are creating anxiety and insecurity for children at levels not seen since the Cold War.It claims one in 10 children of primary school age showed symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder after Cyclone Larry in 2006.According to Professor Ian Hickie, from the Brain & Mind Institute, regional and remote communities are most vulnerable to the impact of climate change.He said a recent study of rural New South Wales where, following the long drought, self-harm and suicide rose by up to eight percent."I think what we are seeing now is a much more significant counting of not just the short-term costs and reactions but the longer-term costs, the loss of community cohesion and that being essential to people's long-term mental health," Professor Hickie."The drought was a particularly instructive event for everyone in Australia and we saw a lot of focus for the first time on the mental health effects, particularly suicides in rural families, the effect on rural communities of prolonged examples of weather change," Hickie said.Climate Institute chief executive John Connor said that not only did natural disasters cost taxpayers about nine billion U.S. dollars last year, but there are also damaging Australia's social fabric.He said that with Australian regions increasingly exposed to extreme weather, recognizing and managing the risks of climate change is essential, and it is an insurance policy to protect Australia's communities.The study came as the political and social debate over Australian federal government's proposed carbon tax intensifies.In 2007, a report by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) projected the effects of various greenhouse gas emission scenarios for 2030, 2050 and 2070.It said droughts were likely to become more frequent, fire danger was set to increase and tropical cyclones were likely to become more intense.