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A bacteria that was thought to have existed a century ago, but could never be found, has finally been discovered.California Institute of Technology (Caltech) microbiologists Jared Leadbetter and Hang Yuat, who discovered it, said in a press release that the bacteria feeds on manganese and uses the metal as their fuel source."This discovery from Jared and Hang fills a major intellectual gap in our understanding of Earth's elemental cycles, and adds to the diverse ways in which manganese, an abstruse but common transition metal, has shaped the evolution of life on our planet," said Woodward Fischer, professor of geobiology at Caltech, who was not involved with the study, in the news release.The study showed that the bacteria can use manganese to convert carbon dioxide into biomass, a process the scientists called chemosynthesis.The discovery came after an accidental and unrelated experiment with a chalk-like form of manganese, the scientists said.The research was published in the journal Nature on Tuesday.NASA and Caltech funded the study. 1061

“Google only stores voice-based queries received immediately after recognizing of hot words ‘OK Google’ or ‘Hey Google.’ Hot word detection runs locally on the Google Home device across a short snippet of microphone data. If the hot word is not detected on that short snippet, the snippet is immediately discarded. If the hot word is recognized the data including the query contents are sent to Google servers for analyzing and storage in personal activity history.” 474

(WXYZ) -- Astros pitcher Justin Verlander and Kate Upton were married in a private ceremony in Italy on Saturday.TMZ shared a photo from the ceremony on Instagram.  182

“Today I'm donating convalescent plasma,” Judy Lutkin said.“This will be my third time donating.” Lutkin had COVID-19 back in April. “I was pretty sick for about four or five days,” she said. Now she comes infrequently to donate plasma. “It doesn't hurt. It doesn't feel bad. It’s fairly easy.”Plasma is just one of the tools used in fighting coronavirus. As it gets donated, it goes to COVID patients.Since early April, when Vitalant started collecting these donations, they’ve collected more than 9,700 donations equaling more than 33,000 units.“You could help as many as five patients with one sitting,” Liz Lambert, Vitalant spokesperson, said.Vitalant is a nonprofit that collects blood for about 1,000 hospitals across the country.“Right now, there's an emergency need for convalescent plasma as we anticipate more patients will be getting that treatment, or hospitals will be wanting to use that treatment,” Lambert said.The FDA issued an emergency use authorization for convalescent plasma as a potential COVID-19 treatment in late August. Convalescent plasma is taken from the blood of someone who’s already contracted a particular illness, in this case, COVID-19.This isn’t the first time in history; it’s been used to treat a virus.“Convalescent plasma is a very historic and crude way of conferring so-called passive immunity to patients who have a viral or bacterial disease,” Doctor Phil Stahel, Chief Medical Officer at the Medical Center of Aurora, said.So far, this center has treated 100 COVID-19 patients using this method.“Studies have shown that convalescent plasma is very safe,” he said. “It has been recently used for Ebola and other viral diseases for which we do not have a vaccination.”Doctor Stahel said patients they treat who are significantly sick could recover within 24 to 48 hours.Here’s how it works.“Antibodies are proteins that we form in our blood that attack antigens once our immune system recognizes them. It takes weeks for these to develop,” Doctor Ralph Vassallo, Chief Medical & Scientific Officer for Vitalant, said.The antibodies are taken from a recovered patient and put in a patient who recently contracted the disease.“The idea of convalescent plasma is to give them, in that period, when the patient does not have their immune response, to help neutralize the virus and prevent it from infecting cells in the body,” Doctor Vassallo said. “Convalescent plasma has been used for over 100 years in respiratory infections, including influenza.”With more hospitals using convalescent plasma to help COVID-19 patients, blood donation centers hope to identify more plasma donors who have recovered from the virus.“Whether its blood or convalescent plasma, there is a constant need,” Lambert said.Vitalant checks every regular blood donor for the antibodies as well, in hopes of identifying more possible donors.“In the first couple of September, it’s been about 3.6% nationwide,” Dr. Vassallo said.Those interested in donating convalescent plasma need to meet the same requirements as a blood donor, like being 16 years old or older, and at least 110 pounds.However, they also need to have a doctor-referred case of COVID-19 or doctor-referred antibody test.“It is indeed the first line of defense, and we should treat those patients early. This is for the adult in patients who are severely sick and at risk of getting on a ventilator, which we try to avoid by all means,” Doctor Stahel said. 3450

(KGTV) — It took some months after opening for Disneyland to finally make good on its promise of living out your Star Wars dreams, but boy did it deliver."Rise of the Resistance" opens on Friday, Jan. 17 at the park's "Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge" land with one mission: Put riders in the middle of a galaxy far, far away. While not without a few slower moments, the attraction brings a new standard to theme park rides.While Galaxy's Edge has provided a decent amount of "Star Wars" enjoyment, there has been something missing. ROTR rises above expectations, using four ride systems to deliver that feeling fans have craved since the park's "Star Wars" expansion opened last summer. [Spoilers ahead]It's thanks to the cast members throughout the ride (from the First Order officers shooing "sympathizers" to Resistance fighters saving the day) and well-timed theatrical moments that "Rise of the Resistance" excels.(The mystery technology throughout the ride gives plenty of "oohs" and "aahhs" as well.)Riders may get restless at times they are waiting to enter their transports, but Disney's Imagineers have designed a detail-rich environment for them to take in until the action begins.RELATED: California Adventure's 'Avengers Campus' set for summer 2020 openingThe ride opens with Resistance recruits receiving their orders from BB-8 and Rey in a briefing room, before they're hurled into space on a transport ship on a secret mission with ace X-Wing pilot Poe Dameron by their side.But, as with all Star Wars films, the bad guys aren't too far behind. A calm transport ride turns bumpy after the First Order ambushes the space vessel and takes it — and its riders — hostage on a Star Destroyer. First Order cast members, with emotionless glares, order riders to wait in their cell where they'll be interrogated.Kylo Ren and General Hux stand tall above the cell issuing threats (definitely doesn't feel threatening, though), before the Resistance breaks in to free riders.That's when the fun begins, as riders travel on trackless cars through the Destroyer to escape and return to Batuu.RELATED: Disneyland tickets are on sale for as low as right nowDisney Imagineers are far less likely to divulge their magic tricks during a First Order interrogation, but the sight of blaster lasers, massive AT-ATs firing at riders, a lightsaber piercing through steel, and a Tower of Terror-style drop back home scream technological sophistication.Disneyland has set a new standard for a tent-pole attraction. "Rise of the Resistance" combines cast interactions, practical effects, and "wow" moments to create THE Star Wars experience park visitors have wanted.While not without room for improvement (Kylo's last stand was a bit flimsy), riders will be walking out humming John Williams scores and jumping back in line. 2822