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WASHINGTON, May 11 (Xinhua) -- Researchers at Brigham and Women 's Hospital (BWH), a teaching affiliate of Harvard Medical School, have identified a human lung stem cell that is self-renewing and capable of forming and integrating multiple biological structures of the lung. This research will be published Thursday in the New England Journal of Medicine."This research describes, for the first time, a true human lung stem cell. The discovery of this stem cell has the potential to offer those who suffer from chronic lung diseases a totally novel treatment option by regenerating or repairing damaged areas of the lung," said the study's corresponding author Piero Anversa, who is also director of the Center for Regenerative Medicine at the hospital.Using lung tissue from surgical samples, researchers identified and isolated the human lung stem cell and tested the functionality of the stem cell both in vitro and in vivo. Once the stem cell was isolated, researchers demonstrated in vitro that the cell was capable of dividing both into new stem cells and also into cells that would grow into various types of lung tissue. Next, researchers injected the stem cell into mice with damaged lungs. The injected stem cells differentiated into new bronchioles, alveoli and pulmonary vessel cells which not only formed new lung tissue, but also integrated structurally to the existing lung tissue in the mice.The researchers define this cell as truly "stem" because it fulfills the three categories necessary to fall under stem cell categorization: first, the cell renews itself; second, it forms into many different types of lung cells; and third, it is transmissible, meaning that after a mouse was injected with the stem cells and responded by generating new tissue, researchers were then able to isolate the stem cell in the treated mouse, and use that cell in a new mouse with the same results."These are the critical first steps in developing clinical treatments for those with lung disease for which no therapies exist. Further research is needed, but we are excited about the impact this discovery could have on our ability to regenerate or recreate new lung tissues to replace damaged areas of the lungs," said Joseph Loscalzo, chair of the Department of Medicine at BWH and co-author.

BEIJING, May 16 (Xinhua) -- An initial ruling by China's Ministry of Commerce said Monday that European Union (EU) members have subsidized potato starch exports to China, hurting the interests of China's domestic industries.China will impose an anti-subsidy provision of the tariff on potato starch products effective from May 19, the ministry said in a statement on its website. The rate will range between 7.7 percent and 11.19 percent, depending on the subsidy margin, according to the statement.The initial ruling accused several EU companies, including France's Roquette Freres and Netherland's AVEBE, of receiving subsidies.China launched an anti-subsidy investigation into potato starch imports from the EU on August 30, 2010 at the request of the China Starch Industry Association. This was China's first-ever anti-subsidy probe into imports from the EU.China had earlier decided to impose anti-dumping tariffs ranging from 12.6 percent to 56.7 percent on EU potato starch products. The new tariffs were effective from April 19.

CANBERRA, May 27 (Xinhua) -- An Australian student has discovered a part of the universe that astrophysicists have spent decades trying to find, Australia's Monash University on Friday confirmed in a statement.Astrophysicists have long thought the universe has a greater mass than is visible in the planets, but they had no way of proving it is there.Undergraduate student Amelia Fraser-McKelvie, 22, was on a summer internship at Monash University to learn more about astrophysics, when she managed to solve one of the big mysteries of science.Fraser-McKelvie, an aerospace engineering student, conducted a targeted X-ray search for the matter and found evidence of it within three months.Her tutor, Kevin Pimbblet, said the discovery is significant."We've been looking for this ordinary matter for a couple of decades," he said in a statement on Friday."It's been published in one of the most prestigious journals in the world, so astronomers all over the world will be able to read this article."Scientists had thought the matter would have a temperature of about 1 million degrees Celsius, 1.8 million degrees Fahrenheit, and should therefore be observable at X-ray wavelengths.Amelia Fraser-McKelvie's discovery has proved that prediction is correct, Pimbblet said.The trio published a research paper on the missing mass in one of the world's oldest and most prestigious scientific journals, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.He said the discovery could change the way telescopes are built.

WASHINGTON, April 19 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) on Tuesday set April 29 as the launch date for Endeavour's final voyage.The date was announced Tuesday at the conclusion of a flight readiness review at Kennedy Space Center. During the meeting, senior NASA and contractor managers assessed the risks associated with the mission and determined the shuttle and station's equipment, support systems and personnel are ready.Liftoff time is 3:47 p.m. EDT (1947 GMT). It will be the 134th shuttle mission overall, the 25th for Endeavour and the 36th shuttle mission to the International Space Station.Endeavour will deliver to the station a 2-billion-dollar, multinational particle detector known as the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer.Space shuttle Endeavour sits on launch pad 39A with the crew aboard minutes before mission managers scrubbed the launch again at Cape Canaveral, Florida, July 13, 2009.The spectrometer, also designated AMS-02, is a particle physics experiment module that is to be mounted on the station. It is designed to search for various types of unusual matter by measuring cosmic rays. Its experiments will help researchers study the formation of the Universe and search for evidence of dark matter and antimatter.Endeavour's two-week mission was led by Commander Mark Kelly. Other crew include Pilot Greg Johnson, NASA Mission Specialists Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel and Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency Mission Specialist Roberto Vittori. Astronauts are planning to step out on four spacewalks to do maintenance work and install new components.NASA's 30-year-old shuttle program is ending this year due to high operating costs. The Obama administration wants to spur private companies to get into the space taxi business, freeing NASA to focus on deep space exploration and new technology development.Shuttle Atlantis is set for its final journey into space at the end of June. Its return to earth will mark the official end of the U.S. space shuttle program. After that, the Russian space program' s Soyuz capsule will be the only method for transporting astronauts to and from the station.

BEIJING, Jan. 22 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese central government in Beijing pledged Saturday that it would work to ensure smooth and safe traveling for the public as many return home to reunite with families during the Spring Festival.It is expected that some 700 million people are to travel during a 40-day Spring Festival travel period that began Wednesday, but heavy snow and icy rain, which has continued since the new year began, has disrupted traffic and cut water and power supplies to some regions in south and southwest China.The lingering freezing weather also poses great challenges to transportation and railway authorities, as they work to avoid another travel disaster, as was seen in early 2008 when unprecedented heavy snow and freezing rain inundated the south of the country, bringing traffic to a standstill at the peak holiday season.Due to this, the Ministry of Public Security announced on Saturday that it had drawn upon the experiences gained from the 2008 weather disaster, and has ordered local bureaus to begin planning precautionary measures to combat the freezing weather.It also issued orders to local departments beginning in late December to step up snow clearance and make sure expressways and key trunk lines are not closed by snow."More police will be deployed to maintain traffic order and security, and to reduce offences such as drunk driving, speeding, passenger overloading of cars and trucks, and driving while fatigued," Huang Ming, Vice Minister of Public Security, said in a press conference held in Beijing.Meanwhile, over 8,300 service stops would be established across the country in order to provide necessities such as water and medical help to drivers and migrant works returning home for the festival.China's meteorological authority forecast Saturday that snowy weather will weaken in most regions over the next three days, but the eastern areas in southwest China will continue to see more rain and snow.On Sunday, the weather forecast anticipated that moderate snow would hit some regions in Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, and Hainan, as the southwestern province of Guizhou will see more icy rain.Local authorities said nearly 10 million have been affected in Hunan after a blizzard that started Monday, which also forced the evacuation of 73,000 people. About 15 power lines were shut down and 132 roads were closed because of snow and icy rain in Guangxi.As the freezing weather makes travel on roads more difficult, railway stations are seeing surges in passenger numbers.An official with the Ministry of Railways (MOR) said nearly 4.8 million passengers took trains on Jan. 19, the first day of the travel peak season this year, up 11.9 percent compared to the corresponding day last year. The next day, over 4.9 million passengers traveled on railways, up 17.5 percent. The Nanchang railway station even saw passenger number jump 30 percent.The MOR said earlier that it would run an additional 293 pairs of trains per day during the rush period in order to meet climbing passenger demand.Further, the Vice Minister of the country's National Development and Reform Commission, the country's top economic planning body, said the ministry would work with other government departments to implement multiple measures in maintaining a stable supply of coal, electricity, oil, and gas so that residents' demands for heating and power use can be met during the festival.The traditional Chinese Spring Festival, or chun jie in Chinese, is the country's most important festival. It falls on Feb. 3 this year. Workers nationwide enjoy a seven-day holiday that ends on Feb. 8.

来源：资阳报