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BEIJING, Oct. 26 -- Delegations from more than 84 countries and regions will participate the ITD conference Monday, and a host of international experts from governments, the private sector and academia will make presentations and lead discussions on this important topic.     The ITD is a cooperative venture formed in 2002 and comprised of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the European Commission and the UK Department for International Development.     Its purpose is to foster dialogue on important topics in tax policy and administration and to function as a disseminator and repository of information on matters of interest in taxation around the world, through its website, www.itdweb.org.     The IMF attaches great importance to its role as a founding member of the ITD. Recent events in the world economy have made even clearer the necessity of international cooperation and sharing experience in economic matters, and this is the very purpose, which the ITD serves.     The topic of this conference is a timely and critical one. The world has been reminded recently and forcefully of the great importance of the financial sector for macroeconomic stability, growth, and development goals. The sector plays a critical intermediating function - without it credit could not exist, capital could not be channeled to useful purposes and risks could not be managed.     The conference will take place against the background of the worst financial and economic crisis to strike the world in three generations, and, while taxation was not itself the cause of the crisis, elements of the tax system are relevant to its background and resolution.     Most tax systems embody incentives for corporations, financial institutions and in some cases individuals to use debt rather than equity finance.     This is likely to have contributed to the crisis by leading to higher levels of debt than would otherwise have existed - even though there were no obvious tax changes that would explain rapid increases in debt. Tax distortions may also have encouraged the development of complex and opaque financial instruments and structures, including through extensive use of low-tax jurisdictions - which in turn contributed to the difficulty of identifying true levels of risk.     The magnitude of the fiscal challenges facing the world economy is greater than at any other time since World War II.     Estimates done by IMF staff on the fiscal adjustment necessary to bring government debt-to-GDP ratios down to 60 percent by 2030 - over 20 years hence - show a gap in the cyclically adjusted primary balances of some 8 percentage points of GDP in advanced economies to be closed between 2010 and 2020.     This cannot all be accomplished by expenditure reduction. New, or increased, sources of revenue will need to be found, on average perhaps 3 percentage points of GDP. While improvements in compliance and administration could account for some of that gap, it will be necessary to adjust tax policies to a degree not hitherto seen on a wide scale.     Although the world economy remains weak with downside risks and much hardship remain, signs of improvement are thankfully now visible.     This is an opportune juncture, therefore, to begin the work of planning countries' exits from the deteriorated fiscal positions developed in response to the crisis, and to give thought to questions raised by the performance of the financial sector in triggering the crisis.     What role can better tax policies and administration play in preventing a recurrence of this costly episode in economic history?     The financial sector has been, and must continue to be, a critical link in the development of the world's economies. The sector has played a key role in accelerating the development of the emerging markets - many of which, prior to this most recent episode, had grown able to tap the world's financial resources at an increasing rate unparalleled in history.     And for the world's most vulnerable economies, continued financial deepening will be absolutely necessary to permit them to meet their development goals. The upcoming conference will consider the role of taxation in both the industrial and developing countries with respect to these goals.     The conference will address not only the role of the financial sector as a source of revenue itself, and its broader role in the development and growth of the world economy, but also its function in assisting in administration of the tax system-through information reporting, collection of tax payments, and withholding.     This latter role will become ever more important with growing international cooperation in fighting tax evasion and avoidance.     Finally, we must not lose sight of the main function of the tax system - to raise revenue in an economically efficient, non-distortionary, and administratively feasible manner.     Even fully recognizing the existence of both market failures and policy-induced vulnerabilities, including those that contributed to this crisis, it is important to avoid accidentally introducing distortions through the tax system that may prove worse than the evils they are intended to remedy.     "Neutrality" of taxation of the financial sector in this sense is a benchmark against which deviations from this objective may be measured and judged.     One must ask whether any proposed interventions are targeted at a recognized externality or existing distortion, and, if so, whether the proposed action is the most appropriate response. And the multilateral institutions, in particular, must look to the effects which the financial sector and its taxation may have not only on the world's highly developed economies-those with the greatest depth of financial intermediation-but at the effects, direct and indirect, on the world's developing nations.     International cooperation on these matters will be critical to making improvements that will benefit all of us. This week's important event, hosted by the Chinese government and organized by the ITD, is itself a model in this regard.

BEIJING, Dec. 1 (Xinhua) -- China's manufacturing sector continued to grow for the ninth straight month in November, according to a survey by the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing (CFLP) on Tuesday.     The Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) of China's manufacturing sector stood at 55.2 percent in November, unchanged from the previous month, the CFLP said.     It was the ninth straight month that the PMI reading stayed above 50.     A reading of above 50 suggests expansion, while one below 50 indicates contraction. The PMI includes a package of indices that measure economic performance.     Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the Development Research Center of the State Council, said the unchanged PMI index from the month before might suggest a stable recovery of China's economy.     He expected government investment would see gradual reduction, while investment from the private sector might increase. Exports would go up, but not in a drastic rise, he said.     In November, new order index and output index both held steady from figures in the previous month at 58.4 percent and 59.4 percent, respectively, according to the CFLP.     New export order index was 53.6 percent, down by 0.9 percentage points compared to November while purchasing price index rose by 6.5 percentage points to 63.4 percent.     Only three out of the 20 surveyed sectors reported a PMI index reading below 50, which were paper making and printing, oil processing, and beverages making.

BEIJING, Nov. 25 (Xinhua) -- China has told its enterprises to be prepared for competitions while the establishment of the Free Trade Area between the country and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is only a month ahead.     "Chinese enterprises should make full preparations for competitions brought by zero-tariff products imports from the ASEAN," Xu Ningning, executive secretary general of China-ASEAN Business Council(CABC), said on Wednesday at a symposium for entrepreneurs in machinery, auto mobile and steel sectors.     The upcoming FTA, scheduled to be established on Jan. 1, allows zero-tariff on 90 percent of products traded between China and the ASEAN.     Xu also urged Chinese enterprises to conduct adequate market research and pay close attention to the latest policies in different ASEAN countries to improve the quality and efficiency of bilateral trade.     "After entering the ASEAN market, companies should abide by local industry regulations and establish sound reputations for quality and service instead of blindly pursuing profit by any possible means," Xu said.     The establishment of the FTA will create massive business opportunities for Chinese enterprises as it will provide an access to the ASEAN market with 600 million population, according to Xu.     The FTA will boast a combined population of 1.9 billion and a combined gross domestic product (GDP) close to 6 trillion U.S. dollars, making it the third largest free trade area following the North American Free Trade Area and the European Free Trade Area.     CABC is one of the five main cooperation and dialogue organizations between China and the ASEAN, and it consists of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, the ASEAN Chambers of Commerce and Industry, the national business leaders and enterprises and experts representatives from the ASEAN countries.

COPENHAGEN, Dec. 7 (Xinhua) -- China has all along actively pushed forward international negotiations on climate change, and made its own contribution in energy saving and emissions cut, said a senior Chinese official on Sunday.     China, with its continuous development and increasing influence, is playing an ever bigger role in climate change negotiations, Xie Zhenhua, vice minister in charge of China's National Development and Reform Commission, told Xinhua.     Xie is in Copenhagen to attend the UN Climate Change Conference, which is slated for Dec. 7 to 18.     "As a responsible country, China takes a serious attitude toward combating climate change. It has always wielded positive and constructive influence on climate change negotiations, and wishes this latest conference a success," said Xie.     He said China's most important measure to boost this conference was its recent announcement of the target to reduce its carbon intensity for per unit of GDP by 40 percent to 45 percent by 2020 against the 2005 level.     He said China has set up a series of energy conservation and emissions reduction targets, and has taken many measures to ensure their implementation.     China would continue to raise energy efficiency, develop nuclear power and renewable energy, plant trees, adopt energy-saving measures in construction and transportation, and develop low-carbon economy, he said.     Developed countries, which shoulder historical responsibilities for climate change due to their emissions, have accomplished their industrialization, while China is still in the process of industrialization, noted Xie.     China, as a developing country, voluntarily put on table its emissions cut target by 2020, although the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change does not demand any numerical limitations from developing countries.     China, on its road to industrialization, will not send off greenhouse gases without restriction, Xie said, adding that China will never repeat developed countries' old paths of high energy consumption and unlimited emissions.     He said China holds the view that its efforts in saving energy, cutting emissions and boosting international climate change negotiations represent a responsible attitude to mankind and the country itself.

TAICHUNG, Dec. 23 (Xinhua) -- Letting in more mainland investors again hit the agenda in Taiwan as negotiators from two sides discussed mainland investment with local business people Wednesday.     At the symposium, Chen Yunlin, president of the mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS), suggested Taiwan should not be "afraid" of competitors. When the mainland began to open up, the enterprises and industries also worried that they would be beaten by overseas competitors, but 30 years after, they not only survived but also became stronger, Chen said. Chen Yunlin, president of the Chinese mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS), speaks on a symposium on the investment of Chinese mainland to Taiwan, in Taichung of southeast China's Taiwan, Dec. 23, 2009.     "High liquidity of capital, people, resources and knowledge across the Taiwan Strait will bring prosperity to both sides," he said. "The mainland's advantage in manufacturing and Taiwan's leading marketing will supplement each other. Thus, the two can form a bigger economic entity in face of global competition."     Taiwan's Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF) Chairman Chiang Pin-kun echoed Chen's remarks. Chen Yunlin, president of the Chinese mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS), shakes hands with Chairman of Taiwan's Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF) Chiang Pin-kung on a symposium on the investment of Chinese mainland to Taiwan, in Taichung of southeast China's Taiwan, Dec. 23, 2009.  "(The mainland's) investment will bring more employment and boost economic growth, which will benefit both sides," Chiang said.     He admitted that not many mainland investors had entered Taiwan since the island lifted the ban in June, mainly because only a limited number of sectors were opened to them.     Another reason was that mainland investors were not yet familiar with the local market and business practice, Chiang said.     By the end of November, the Taiwan authorities approved 15 investment plans from the mainland, totalling 5.82 million U.S. dollars.     "I hope the policies can be clearer, the procedures simpler and more sectors are opened to us," said Wang Jing, president of the Newland Group, a Fujian-based IT firm with a project in Taiwan.     Currently, mainland investment can go to the sectors of textile, car making, home appliance, retailing and wholesale of consumer products, air and shipping service and infrastructure for public use (not including construction contractors).     Mainland companies have to get approval from Taiwan authorities under strict regulations and the conditions are also restrictive in those accessible sectors, Wang said. "The restrictions will prevent mainland companies from enjoying fair competition."     She cited the complicated procedure that mainland businessmen had to undergo to travel to Taiwan.     "We have invested in an IT firm in Taiwan. Research work requires cooperation between staff on both sides and they have to travel a lot across the Strait. When there is an emergency, our mainland staff always could not go to Taiwan promptly," she said. "In a world of tough competition, we should not sacrifice efficiency."     Many mainland companies are interested in real estate development, finance and telecommunication that are still not on the list.     Long Ge, vice president of Shanghai Xiandai Architectural Design Group, just finished a business tour in Taiwan.     "We hope to set up an office in Taiwan in near future," Long said.     His company hoped to launch real estate businesses, not only design but also construction and marketing, in Taiwan. "But we cannot if the restrictions remain there," he said.

来源：资阳报