梅州宫颈炎和宫颈糜烂(梅州人流医院有哪些) (今日更新中)

A pinch in the leg, a squeal and a trickle of tears. One baby after another in Malawi is getting the first and only vaccine against malaria, one of history’s deadliest and most stubborn of diseases.The southern African nation is rolling out the shots in an unusual pilot program along with Kenya and Ghana. Unlike established vaccines that offer near-complete protection, this new one is only about 40% effective. But experts say it’s worth a try as progress against malaria stalls: Resistance to treatment is growing and the global drop in cases has leveled off. With the vaccine, the hope is to help small children through the most dangerous period of their lives. Spread by mosquito bites, malaria kills more than 400,000 people every year, two-thirds of them under 5 and most in Africa.Seven-month-old Charity Nangware received a shot on a rainy December day at a health clinic in the town of Migowi. She watched curiously as the needle slid into her thigh, then twisted up her face with a howl.“I’m very excited about this,” said her mother, Esther Gonjani, who herself gets malaria’s aches, chills and fever at least once a year and loses a week of field work when one of her children is ill. “They explained it wasn’t perfect, but I feel secure it will relieve the pain.”There is little escaping malaria -- “malungo” in the local Chichewa language -- especially during the five-month rainy season. Stagnant puddles, where mosquitoes breed, surround the homes of brick and thatch and line the dirt roads through tea plantations or fields of maize and sugar cane. In the village of Tomali, the nearest health clinic is a two-hour bike ride away. The longer it takes to get care, the more dangerous malaria can be. Teams from the clinic offer basic medical care during visits once or twice a month, bringing the malaria shot and other vaccines in portable coolers. Treating malaria takes up a good portion of their time during the rainy season, according to Daisy Chikonde, a local health worker.“If this vaccine works, it will reduce the burden,” she said.Resident Doriga Ephrem proudly said her 5-month-old daughter, Grace, didn’t cry when she got the malaria shot.When she heard about the vaccine, Ephrem said her first thought was “protection is here.” Health workers explained, however, that the vaccine is not meant to replace antimalarial drugs or the insecticide-treated bed net she unfolds every night as the sun sets and mosquitoes rise from the shadows. “We even take our evening meals inside the net to avoid mosquitoes,” she said.It took three decades of research to develop the new vaccine, which works against the most common and deadly of the five parasite species that cause malaria. The parasite’s complex life cycle is a huge challenge. It changes forms in different stages of infection and is far harder to target than germs.“We don’t have any vaccines against parasites in routine use. This is uncharted territory,” said Ashley Birkett, who directs PATH’s Malaria Vaccine Initiative, a nonprofit that helped drugmaker GlaxoSmithKline develop the shot, brand-named Mosquirix. The bite of an infected mosquito sends immature parasites called sporozoites into the bloodstream. If they reach the liver, they’ll mature and multiply before spewing back into the blood to cause malaria’s debilitating symptoms. At that point, treatment requires medicines that kill the parasites.Mosquirix uses a piece of the parasite — a protein found only on sporozoites’ surface — in hopes of blocking the liver stage of infection. When a vaccinated child is bitten, the immune system should recognize the parasite and start making antibodies against it.Scientists also are searching for next-generation alternatives. In the pipeline is an experimental vaccine made of whole malaria parasites dissected from mosquitoes’ salivary glands but weakened so they won’t make people sick. Sanaria Inc. has been testing its vaccine in adults, and is planning a large, late-stage study in Equatorial Guinea’s Bioko Island.And the U.S. National Institutes of Health soon will start initial tests of whether injecting people periodically with lab-made antibodies, rather than depending on the immune system to make them, could offer temporary protection during malaria season. Think of them as “potentially short-term vaccines,” NIH’s Dr. Robert Seder told a recent meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.For now, only babies in parts of Malawi, Kenya and Ghana are eligible for the Mosquirix vaccine. After the vaccine was approved in 2015, the World Health Organization said it first wanted a pilot roll-out to see how well it worked in a few countries — in real-world conditions — before recommending that the vaccine be given more widely across Africa. “Everyone is looking forward to getting it,” said Temwa Mzengeza, who oversees Malawi’s vaccine programs. Those eager for the shots include her husband, whom she had to stop from trying to get them, she said.Mzengeza used to come down with malaria several times a year until she started following her own advice to sleep under a net every night. Unlike many other kinds of infections, people can get malaria repeatedly, building up only a partial immunity.In the pilot program that began last year, 360,000 children in the three countries are meant to be vaccinated annually. The first dose is given at about age 5 months and the final, fourth booster near the child’s second birthday.Experts say it is too early to know how well the vaccine is working. They’re watching for malaria deaths, severe infections and cases of meningitis, something reported during studies but not definitively linked to the vaccine.“To do something completely new for malaria is exciting,” said researcher Don Mathanga, who is leading the evaluation in Malawi. The rainy season has brought new challenges, making some rural roads impassable and complicating efforts to track down children due for a shot. So far in Malawi, the first dose reached about half of the children targeted, about 35,000. That dropped to 26,000 for the second dose and 20,000 for the third. That’s not surprising for a new vaccine, Mzengeza said. “It will pick up with time.”At the health clinic in Migowi in Malawi’s southern highlands, workers see signs of hope. Henry Kadzuwa explains the vaccine to mothers waiting at the clinic. He said there was a drop in malaria cases to 40 in the first five months of the program, compared to 78 in the same period in 2018.Even though he wishes his 3-year-old daughter, Angel, could receive the vaccine, “it’s protecting my community. It also makes my work easier,” Kadzuwa said. The Migowi area has one of the country’s highest rates of malaria, and a worn paper register in the clinic’s laboratory lists scores of cases.At the clinic, Agnes Ngubale said she had malaria several years ago and wants to protect her 6-month-old daughter, Lydia, from the disease.“I want her to be healthy and free,” she said. “I want her to be a doctor.”And she has memorized the time for Lydia’s second dose: “Next month, same date.”___Neergaard reported from Washington.___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives 7200

A new study ranks the US counties at highest risk of a measles outbreak, with the areas surrounding Chicago, Los Angeles and Miami topping the list.The authors say places like these should be kept under close surveillance because they "could serve as the fulcrum of continuous importation of the measles virus into the USA." Their paper was published Thursday in the journal 387

AKRON, Ohio — A fight over hot dogs at a Speedway gas station in Ohio on Saturday night led to a wild brawl caught on video that started inside and spilled out into the parking lot, according to a police report.Shortly after midnight, police were flagged down at Speedway 390 East Exchange Street, for a reference to a fight. A 27-year-old woman said she was standing in line at Speedway with her friend when she let another female know that she shouldn’t steal a hot dog since the gas station has cameras.The female and her friends “didn’t take kindly to that comment” and they punched the 27-year-old woman, the report says.A Good Samaritan saw what was going on and attempted to get the group of females off of the 27-year-old woman. When he attempted to help the woman, the group of females started to hit and attack him.Video of the fight, courtesy of 874

A Texas mother was diagnosed with blood cancer earlier this year. Doctors didn't expect her to make it, until a bishop from Corpus Christi stepped in. Bishop Michael Mulvey registered to be a marrow donor over 10 years ago. He said after a few years he had forgot about it, but when he received the call, he rose to the occasion, ultimately saving this woman’s life. A Texas mother of three was diagnosed with blood cancer and was no longer producing the healthy blood cells she needed to survive. But through ‘Be the Match’, a national marrow donor program she found a perfect blood stem cell match in a man named Michael Mulvey. “Somehow I was chosen beyond the DNA that I have,” said Mulvey. Bishop Michael Mulvey had added his name to the ‘Be the Match’ registry years ago when he served as a pastor for a parish near Austin. “It was a jarring of the memory to be honest with you I had pretty much forgotten that I had signed up,” said Mulvey. But when he received the phone call, that would ultimately save a woman’s life, he says there was no hesitation, but rather an easy decision to give someone a second chance at life. “We do a lot for people, but this was something very person,” said Mulvey. “To think that someone somewhere in the world needed what I had I felt gratification that I could give something that was given to me to someone else.”Due to privacy laws, the mother's identity is not yet being revealed. But Bishop Mulvey says he hopes she's still fighting on, and he'll always feel connected to her, whoever she is.“I prayed for her the whole time and it was an amazing thing thinking that your blood is leaving you but it’s also coming back to you and to see that the life that could be given to another person,” said Mulvey. Every three minutes someone is diagnosed with a blood cancer. ‘Be the Match’ helps connect people from all over the world by collecting just a cheek swab sample from people willing to help save a life, through either bone marrow or blood stem cell donations. For more information on registering as a potential donor you can go to Bethematch.org 2106

A site on the Detroit River that was used to produce radioactive materials during World War II collapsed last week, raising concerns about whether the adjacent water supply is safe to drink.While officials in the United States say the water is free of radioactivity, the city of Windsor on the Canadian side is raising concerns.Canadian member of Parliament Brian Masse released a statement Thursday from his office, which alleged that, "on November 27, 2019, the Revere Copper Site on the American side of the Detroit River collapsed most likely due to the weight of the aggregate stored by Detroit Bulk Storage on site."Masse later provided a letter to Canada's House of Commons further expressing his concerns and calling for both the US and Canadian governments to work together to assess any possible threat."Forty million people use the Great Lakes for drinking water, and the ecosystem is already fragile," Masse said. "Any potential threat should be investigated immediately on both sides of the border."Attempts to reach Masse Friday were not successful.The Great Lakes Water Authority, which is responsible for the welfare of drinking water for residents in the southeast Michigan-area, said in a statement that its water is safe to drink."Because [the intake location] is upstream of the site, there is no danger of any potential water quality issues from the collapse," GLWA spokesperson Ashleigh Chatel told CNN via email.While the exact cause of the collapse has not yet been determined, Nick Assendelft, the public information officer for the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes and Energy, said Friday that EGLE had dispatched 20 officials to the site, which is about four miles south of downtown Detroit. EGLE inspected the site in the spring and found no radioactive threat, Assendelft said."We certainly want to do robust investigation to get all the answers and information so we can determine possible next steps," Assendelft said.American authorities agree water is safe, but 2011 survey acknowledges contamination potentialThe property is owned by Grand Rapids-based Erickson Group, which has been leasing the site to Detroit Bulk Storage since July 2019.The storage company, its owner, Noel Frye, and The Erickson Group did not return requests for comment.The EGLE posted on Twitter that it was actively investigating the site Friday by taking radioactivity measurements and footage of the area. Assendelft added EGLE is also using boats to test water samples for radioactivity.John Roach, a spokesman for the city of Detroit, told CNN that EGLE is directly handling the situation because the state is responsible for the property's environmental welfare.But in an emailed statement, city government echoed EGLE's sentiments and said "EGLE informs us that there is no reason for health or environmental concern among Detroit residents at this time."The EPA confirmed its involved in the investigation. It conducted its own radiation surveys in 1981 and 1989 but found no abnormal radioactivity, the agency said in a statement to CNN. While the EPA did not mention any more recent surveys, it cited EGLE's survey earlier this year.However, a 3189

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