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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Independent reviews by the FDA show the COVID-19 vaccines by Pfizer and Moderna have similar levels of safety and efficacy, although there are early indications of potential differences.Both vaccines rely on the same basic approach: jumpstarting the immune system with messenger RNA. The FDA confirmed their overall efficacy is essentially identical; 95 percent for Pfizer and 94.1 percent for Moderna.However, signals in the data suggest Moderna’s vaccine may better protect against severe cases of COVID-19, while Pfizer’s vaccine may work better in adults over 65. But experts warned those differences may just be statistical illusions.In Moderna’s study of 30,000 volunteers, 30 people got severe cases of COVID-19. All 30 of those cases were in the placebo group, suggesting the vaccine offers powerful protection against the most serious symptoms.In Pfizer’s trial of 44,000 volunteers, one vaccinated person got a severe case compared to 10 people in the placebo group.“We still need more data,” said Dr. Abisola Olulade of Sharp Rees-Stealy. “It's not a reason to recommend one versus the other.”In adults over 65, the efficacy of Moderna’s vaccine dipped slightly to 86.4 percent. Pfizer’s vaccine was 92.9 percent effective in people aged 65 to 74 and 100 percent effective in individuals 75 and up.“When I think people in the community look at that number, they might say, ‘Oh, that Moderna vaccine probably isn't as good for the older population compared to the Pfizer vaccine.’ But as a clinician looking at numbers, they're both amazing,” said UC San Francisco infectious disease expert Dr. Peter Chin-Hong.FDA scientists found both vaccines are safe but short-term side effects are common, especially with Moderna’s drug. Both vaccines are administered in two doses. The table below lists the percentage of vaccinated volunteers who reported a side effect after either dose, although side effects were most common after the second injection.Side effect Moderna PfizerFatigue 68.5% 62.9%Headache 63.0% 55.1%Muscle pain59.6%38.3%Joint pain44.8%23.6%Chills43.4%31.9%Fever14.8%14.2%Typically the symptoms went away in one day.“Just because a vaccine has side effects doesn’t mean it’s not safe,” said Dr. Olulade. “We know that side effects happen actually because your immune system is working and waking up. It's actually a positive thing.”The slight difference in side effects could be because of differences in the way researchers polled volunteers, or it could be something with the architecture of the vaccines, experts said.The companies use different tiny bubbles of fat to enclose the messenger RNA. Moderna’s bubble is a little stronger and more stable so it doesn’t need to be stored at sub-arctic temperatures.“It could be that [Moderna’s] elicits a little more inflammation than the other,” Dr. Chin-Hong said.Having slightly more side effects could be a sign that Moderna’s vaccine prompts a stronger immune response that might lead to longer-lasting immunity, but the durability of either vaccine remains one of the most pressing unanswered questions.The biggest difference may be where the vaccines are deployed. Since Pfizer's vaccine needs to be stored at such cold temperatures, experts said Moderna's vaccine may be prioritized for rural hospitals and community health centers that lack ultra-cold storage units. 3370

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — It's sure to be a super summer next year in Del Mar.The San Diego County Fair announced its 2020 season will be themed "Heroes Unite!" when the fair soars into the Del Mar Fairgrounds from June 5 to July 5, 2020."You’ll soar through the air on adrenaline-pumping carnival rides, strike a power pose with your favorite superheroes, taste your way through the Fair’s superfoods, discover entertainment surprises around every corner, learn the science and history of being a superhero and meet real-life community heroes who put Clark Kent to shame," the fair's website reads.RELATED:Carlsbad Strawberry Field and Pumpkin Patch holds decades of family historyMission Hills home transformed into whimsical topiary gardenLa Jolla taco stand named among America's best fast-casual restaurantsAs hinted in the description, the fair is also looking for locals to nominate community heroes who will be honored throughout the fair's run. Nominations can be submitted here.The fair's exhibits will also likely take a superhero slant, as guests learn the "science and history" behind superheroes. And where better to learn than the home of San Diego Comic-Con?And, of course, themed foods are sure to make an appearance from vendors like Chicken Charlie, Bacon-A-Fair, and Pink's Hot Dogs.Before the year is even up, the fair is also offering discounts on admission, attractions, and parking. For more information on the fair, performers, and attractions, visit sdfair.com. 1488

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Many of the 134 cats rescued from a Lakeside apartment are up for adoption in County animal shelters. Sheriff’s deputies who were conducting a welfare check at the apartment Thursday discovered the cats and called animal services.Most of the animals appear to be healthy and well-fed, though stand-offish at the moment.  RELATED: 'Dozens' of cats found inside Lakeside apartment during elderly neglect callThe adoptable animals are at the shelters in Bonita and Carlsbad.  All have been checked out by the veterinary staff and given flea and worm medicines.  Each will be spayed or neutered and chipped before adoption.  The adoption fee is per cat or kitten. 745

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Just a few weeks ago, coronavirus testing was hard to come by. But now, many San Diegans are finding it easier to get tested. Some are purchasing at-home test kits online, at no up-front cost.Raechel Kadoya is not a clinician, nor is she at a doctor's office. She is the co-owner of Soichi Sushi, giving herself a COVID-19 test."I want to take advantage of being proactive," Kadoya said as she swabbed her nose.Since the modified re-opening of her restaurant in University Heights, she and her staff have been cautious about coronavirus exposure. That is why she ordered the Pixel by Labcorp at-home COVID-19 test kit for her entire staff."I think that it is my responsibility as a business owner, not only to my staff but to my customers and my family, to make sure that everybody is doing business here safely," Kadoya said.This is the staff's second round of testing. Kadoya said the first one required multiple doctors referrals just to get a drive-through appointment an hour away."We were able to find a place in Lake Elsinore, so we all had to drive up there," Kadoya said.Dr. Abi Olulade, a family medicine physician at Sharp Rees-Stealy Medical Group, said the accessibility of these at-home tests is a big draw."It definitely is something that is very convenient for consumers," Dr. Olulade said.But she suggested customers do their homework before they order."They should be looking at whether or not the tests that they are using have been FDA authorized, and it's not just some random test that they found on the internet," Dr. Olulade said.As of June 12, 2020, seven at-home COVID-19 test kits have the FDA's emergency use authorization. They are:Phosphorus DiagnosticsPrivapathP23 LabsEverlywellRutgers University LabQuest DiagnosticsLabcorpTo get this authorization, the FDA requires at-home tests to have 95% accuracy in detecting positive results and 100% accuracy in detecting negative results.Insurance covered the upfront costs for Kadyoa's staff. But for those without insurance, some tests are covered by federal funds.From an accessibility and affordability stand-point, Kadoya said this is what works best for her."I want to do this every couple of weeks as maintenance," Kadoya said.Dr. Olulade also said to make sure the labs doing the testing also have CLIA certification, which sets national standards for accuracy, quality, and reliability. 2397

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Jessica Reilly, a Navy Air Traffic Controller currently based out of San Diego, has a high-stress job, but turns to her artistic side as an outlet. She combines her passion for the Navy with creating comics, adding a little bit of Dungeons and Dragons (which she learned from her husband) to create Gobbo the Goblin, a Navy sailor.“I have managed to breed a comic series for the Navy that is also targeted toward Dungeons and Dragons players,” she said, laughing.She said she’s loved art since she was a child, and started drawing her first comics on whiteboards while aboard Navy ships. It’s grown from there. She has a cartoon version of herself that goes on adventures with Gobbo. She said her real-life experiences combined with stories from other sailors motivate the storylines, frequently making fun of the daily woes of Navy life.“There is an outlet and a want for people to see comics kind of tongue and cheek of their own culture,” she said.She said this comedic relief is a good mental break from a tense job.“My job, even though it’s stressful, especially as an Air Traffic Controller, I can take a break, and I can remind everybody else that it’s not so stressful,” she said.Her art has turned into a family business. Her husband, who is a Navy veteran and currently in the Army reserves, writes comic books and she illustrates them. She said the first time they teamed up, they brought the comic books to a show and they sold out on the spot. Their company, Five Realms, was supposed to have a table at Comic-Con, which was canceled this year. To win a spot at the show, they had to submit their comic book, which was reviewed by judges. “It’s a huge accomplishment for me and my husband and unfortunately it didn’t happen,” she said, adding that they hope to be there next year.Jessica’s work has been noticed by the Navy. She’s been selected to do an Instagram takeover of the Navy’s “At the Helm” page during the week of October 25. She’ll have the chance to showcase her art and talk about her work and company.“The fact that people can message me and say my work makes them happy, it makes it all worth it, it makes it beyond worth it,” she said.Her Instagram page is @ZonksIllustration. 2234

来源：资阳报