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WASHINGTON, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced Thursday a joint, large-scale, national study of tobacco users to monitor and assess the behavioral and health impacts of new government tobacco regulations.The initiative is the first large-scale NIH/FDA collaboration on tobacco regulatory research since the U.S. Congress granted FDA the authority to regulate tobacco products in an act in 2009. Scientists at NIH's National Institute on Drug Abuse and the FDA's Center for Tobacco Products will coordinate the effort."The launch of this study signals a major milestone in addressing one of the most significant public health burdens of the 21st century," said FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg in a statement. "The results will strengthen FDA's ability to fulfill our mission to make tobacco-related death and disease part of America's past and will further guide us in targeting the most effective actions to decrease the huge toll of tobacco use on our nation's health."Investigators will follow more than 40,000 users of tobacco- product and those at risk for tobacco use ages 12 and older. They will examine what makes people susceptible to tobacco use; evaluate use patterns and resulting health problems; study patterns of tobacco cessation and relapse in the era of tobacco regulation; evaluate the effects of regulatory changes on risk perceptions and other tobacco-related attitudes; and assess differences in attitudes, behaviors and key health outcomes in racial-ethnic, gender, and age subgroups."We are pleased to collaborate with the FDA on this study that may provide us with a better understanding of the impact of product regulation on tobacco prevention and cessation," said NIH Director Francis Collins.While smoking rates have dropped significantly since their peak in the 1960s, nearly 70 million Americans ages 12 and older were current users of tobacco products in 2010. As a result, death and disease caused by tobacco use is still a tremendous public health burden. Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States. Cigarette smoking results in more than 443,000 premature deaths in the United States each year -- more than alcohol, illegal drug use, homicide, suicide, car accidents, and AIDS combined.

BEIJING, Dec. 31 (Xinhua) -- The Red Cross Society of China (RCSC) has decided to shut down one of its fund-raising groups due to serious management flaws, as the group's alleged misuse of donations sparked public mistrust in charities.The China Business System Red Cross Society has been repealed for failing to establish a sound internal management system, maintaining a benefit-based relationship with a consulting company, and committing violations in financial and legal management, an investigation report said Saturday.The China Business System Red Cross Society, a group founded in 2001 by the China General Chamber of Commerce (CGCC) with the approval of the RCSC, engaged in charity fund raising in the commercial sector. Funds raised by the group are channeled directly to the RCSC.The group faced accusations earlier this year of misusing charity money after a young woman calling herself "Guo Meimei" claimed online to be a general manager of "Red Cross Commerce" and posted pictures on her tweets detailing her lavish lifestyle.Netizens related "Red Cross Commerce" to the China Business System Red Cross Society, and speculated that Guo might have funded her purchases by embezzling money from the Red Cross.In July, the RCSC suspended all operations of the China Business System Red Cross Society and started an investigation along with officials and experts from the Ministry of Supervision, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a law firm and the CGCC.According to the investigation report, "Red Cross Commerce" does not exist, and Guo Meimei is not employed by the China Business System Red Cross Society or its cooperative enterprises.The RCSC says it is preparing to set up a public supervision committee, and it plans to invite people from all walks of life, including influential figures, to supervise its use of donations as a third party.Meanwhile, the RCSC is also building up an online service that will publicize information about all donations made to the Red Cross system nationwide, in a move to safeguard the rights of the public, including donors, and supervise the charity group's operations.The website is expected to be launched by the end of 2012, the RCSC said.The RCSC has also vowed to strengthen the supervision and management of its subsidiaries and promote transparency in donations, financial management, tendering and procurement, and fund distribution and use.

BEIJING, Oct. 3 (Xinhuanet) -- Ziqian (not his real name, but an avatar he uses online) is in Paris working on his master's degree, but he stays in close touch with his contacts in China through Sina Corp's Weibo, a micro blog platform. It was a pleasant way to keep up with acquaintances. But that all changed when Ziqian quoted a blog post from an alumnus of his alma mater, Nanjing University, on July 5. It said the school did not organize students to sing Red songs ahead of July 1, the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. Ziqian suddenly found himself inundated with comments from enraged bloggers whom he didn't know. He had lost all integrity, they said.Ziqian spent the whole night arguing with one netizen who assailed him with insults. He was left feeling tired and puzzled.He said he would have given up micro-blogging altogether as "purely useless", but he uses it to stay in touch with his girlfriend.Micro-blogging has been growing rapidly, dwarfing the many other forms of social networking that came into being only three or four years ago.Famed for spreading messages almost instantly and supervising the doings of agencies and organizations, micro blogs have already won some notable battles.In March, micro-bloggers persuaded the city of Nanjing, Jiangsu province, to spare 600 old trees that were to be cut down; they also organized assistance to earthquake victims in Japan.In July, they brought the Red Cross Society of China and other philanthropies under scrutiny.But, like everything in life, there is also a downside to micro-blogging.In the Weibo-dominated virtual world, Ziqian's experience has proved a common occurrence. A 28-year-old woman, surnamed Zhang, who declined to disclose her full name, works at a TV station in Jiangsu province. She recounted her recent encounter with online abusive remarks.After watching a popular talent show, Zhang wrote half-jokingly online - without using her real name - that the program was boring and lacked imagination. Regarding herself as an "industry insider", Zhang believed her reasoning had some objective basis.Nevertheless, she was soon confronted with a wave of criticism, some of it vulgar, saying she had no appreciation for the arts."I was very depressed by the comments. It's like you get kidnapped by mainstream opinion," she said. "I lost the desire to share my views with others.""I respect the freedom of speech doctrine, and everyone is allowed to publicize his or her thoughts," Zhang wrote in a separate post. "But don't hurl random assaults at others and take for granted that whatever you say is truth."Micro blogs have also made some ordinary people famous, though not in the way they would like.Zhang Mingyi, 22, is one such person.After appearing on a dating show on Shanghai-based Dragon TV, she said her micro blog inboxes were filled every day with letters lashing out at her, because of her open enthusiasm for Japanese culture and a failed marriage.Some netizens are relentless in their resentment of her. Even her micro blog followers received warnings to stay away from the "quisling". One such message read: "Go tell her to marry a Japanese man. Don't act so shamelessly in China".Similarly, Guo Meimei, now a household name, said she was being stalked and even threatened in early September, after she bragged in a micro blog post about her wealth and - untruthfully - claimed to hold a position at the Red Cross Society of China.Bloggers launched a vast campaign boycotting a song she released online and an online game she endorsed. They satirized her plastic surgeries and gossiped about her whereabouts. In a recent interview with China Daily, Guo said the animosity she stirred was so intense that she had even considered suicide."I feel like I am an enemy of the state," she said. "The truth is that I am just a stupid girl who did something really stupid. No matter what I do, nobody wants to forgive me."Celebrities are more likely to become the targets of the word-of-mouth maelstrom online. Yang Lan, for instance, a famous TV anchorwoman, came under tremendous pressure as bloggers dug into her connections with China-Africa Hope Project, an organization set up by a prominent philanthropist, Lu Junqing, that became controversial because he empowered his 24-year-old daughter to manage the charity's substantial donated funds.Bloggers questioned whether the purpose of Lu's initiative was charity or cashing in on donators. Rumors held sway on micro blogs.A recent study from University of Michigan suggests that it is crucial that people distinguish between the truth and unfounded rumors in online social media, where vast amounts of information are easily spread across a large network by sources of unverified authority.According to Xie Gengyun, author of the 2010 China Micro Blog Annual Report and deputy dean at the Arts and Humanities Research Institute at Shanghai Jiaotong University, micro blogs can generate and spread unfounded rumors, such as the "Shanxi earthquake" and "Louis Cha's death"."Micro-bloggers are currently the better-educated people in China. But users will soon include those at the grassroots level, and the function of micro blogs will change from celebrity-watching to online socializing and venting about life's disappointments," Xie said.China's Internet, with more registered users than any other nation, is a lively forum for public opinion, said Xinhua News Agency. But "concocting rumors is itself a social malady, and the spread of rumors across the Internet presents a massive social threat."The micro blog platform tends to breed more rumors and assaults than other channels because of the limited amount of characters each post can use, according to Xiong Yihan, a sociologist with Fudan University."The word limit has made it hard to present a balanced and fair opinion. Besides, posts with extreme views are more likely to be forwarded online, because they satisfy people's thirst for the unknown," Xiong said.Xiong said Internet companies should suspend the accounts of users who spread rumors or libelous statements.

BEIJING, Jan. 14 (Xinhua) -- A Spring Festival gala was held at the Great Hall of the People Saturday to entertain the country's military officers, soldiers and civilians.Representatives of officers and soldiers in the military units and armed police forces in Beijing as well as some Beijing residents attended the gala.President Hu Jintao and other top Chinese leaders including Wu Bangguo, Jia Qinglin, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang and Zhou Yongkang were also present at the gala.Hu expressed greetings to the audience and extended his good wishes for them, ahead of the traditional Spring Festival, or the Chinese Lunar New Year, which falls on Jan. 23 this year.

SHIJIAZHUANG, Oct. 16 (Xinhua) -- Chinese archaeologists said Sunday that they have found evidence of the cultivation of glutinous millet in the northern province of Hebei that could date back to 10,000 years, the earliest evidence of people growing the crop in the world.Lab results showed that remains of glutinous millet found at archaeological sites in Cishan Village in the city of Wu'an were harvested during the Neolithic Era between 8,700 to 10,000 years ago, scientists with the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of China Academy of Sciences (IGGCAS) said at a cultural festival held in Wu'an on Sunday.This means Cishan was the birthplace of the crop, archaeologists said.They have also found remains of foxtail millet in the pits, which could date back to between 8,700 and 7,500 years. This would be the earliest evidence of the crop's cultivation, which means that Cishan was the birthplace of foxtail millet, too, said Lu Houyuan, an IGGCAS scientist.Cultivating small-seeded dry crops was more prevalent than cultivating rice in prehistoric times, especially in China's semi-arid northern regions, Lu said.A total of 50,000 kilograms of grains have been stored in 88 pits for thousands of years at the Cishan Site, a Neolithic site discovered in 1972.In addition to grain remnants, pottery, stone tools, animal bones and bone artifacts have also been excavated from the site, which archaeologists believe will help their research in the emergence of agriculture in China.