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WASHINGTON, March 22 (Xinhua) -- A long-term study by Greek researchers has shown the effectiveness of replacing bone marrow, purposely destroyed by chemotherapy, with autologous (self) stem cells in treating people with aggressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS).The study was published on Tuesday in Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.For the treatment, chemotherapy drugs are used to kill all of the patient's blood cells, including the immune cells that are believed to be attacking the body's own central nervous system. Bone marrow stem cells removed from the patient are purified and transplanted back into the body, which saves life by replacing the blood cells and also is proposed to "reboot" the immune system.A human embryonic stem cell line derived at Stanford University is seen in this handout photo released to Reuters by the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, March 9, 2009The study followed 35 people for an average of 11 years after transplant. The study involved people with rapidly progressive MS who had tried a number of other treatments for MS with little or no effect. All were severely disabled by the disease, with an average score of six on a scale of disease activity that ranges from zero being a normal neurological examination to 10 meaning death due to MS.A score of six means able to walk with a cane or crutch; a seven is mainly in a wheelchair. All had worsened by at least one point on the scale in the year prior to the transplant.After the transplants, the probability of participants having no worsening of their disease for 15 years was 25 percent. The probability was higher -- 44 percent -- for those who had active brain lesions, which are a sign of disease activity, at the time of the transplant.For 16 people, symptoms improved by an average of one point on the scale after the transplant, and the improvements lasted for an average of two years. The participants also had a reduction in the number and size of lesions in their brains. Two people (six percent) died from complications related to the transplant at two months and 2-1/2 years post-transplant.Study author Vasilios Kimiskidis, of Aristotle University in Thessaloniki, Greece, noted that more research is needed on this treatment, including studies that compare people receiving the treatment to a control group that does not receive the treatment."Keeping that in mind, our feeling is that stem cell transplants may benefit people with rapidly progressive MS," he said. "This is not a therapy for the general population of people with MS but should be reserved for aggressive cases that are still in the inflammatory phase of the disease."

LOS ANGELES, April 14 (Xinhua) -- Vegetarians experience a much lower risk of metabolic syndrome than non-vegetarians, U.S. researchers have found.Researchers at Loma Linda University in California based their findings on analysis of more than 700 adults randomly sampled from a long-term study of the lifestyle and health of almost 100,000 Seventh-day Adventist Christians across the United States and Canada.While 25 percent of vegetarians had metabolic syndrome, the number significantly rises to 37 percent for semi-vegetarians and 39 percent for non-vegetarians, according to the study published in the April issue of the journal Diabetes Care.The findings showed that the risk of developing metabolic syndrome is 36 percent lower among vegetarians than non- vegetarians.This means that vegetarians are less likely to develop heart disease, diabetes and stroke -- three major conditions that are closely linked with metabolic syndrome, the researchers say.The study also found that vegetarians, though slightly older than non-vegetarians, had lower triglycerides, glucose levels, blood pressure, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI). Semi-vegetarians, meanwhile, also had a significantly lower BMI and waist circumference compared to those who ate meat more regularly.The findings will not be affected by other factors such as age, gender, race, physical activity, calories consumed, smoking, and alcohol intake, the researchers say."In view of the high rate of metabolic syndrome in the United States and its deleterious health effects, we wanted to examine lifestyle patterns that could be effective in the prevention and possible treatment of this disorder," says lead researcher Nico S. Rizzo, PhD."I was not sure if there would be a significant difference between vegetarians and non-vegetarians, and I was surprised by just how much the numbers contrast," he says. "It indicates that lifestyle factors such as diet can be important in the prevention of metabolic syndrome."

BEIJING, Jan. 28 (Xinhua) -- China will further its efforts to harness the Huaihe River over the next five to 10 years in a bid to support the economic development of the regions along the river.The decision was announced Friday in a statement released after an executive meeting of the State Council, China's Cabinet, which was presided over by Premier Wen Jiabao.The work will include upgrading dams and water gates in flood diversion programs and building more irrigation and water conservancy projects in low-lying lands along the Huaihe River, said the statement.Further, efforts will be made to guard against water pollution and help urban and rural residents in the Huaihe River regions have sufficient access to clean water, it said.Also, more flood control reservoirs will be constructed, while more residents will be relocated from flood diversion areas as well as flood land.The cabinet urged government departments to earmark more funds and enhance management and cooperation in implementing these measures.The 1,000-kilometer Huaihe River, the third longest water way in China, originates from Mount. Taibai, central Henan Province, and runs eastward between the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, the two largest rivers in the country. It cuts through Henan and east China's Anhui and Jiangsu provinces before entering the Yangtze River via the Hongze Lake.The flood-prone river has a drainage area of about 180,000 square kilometers.

BEIJING, Feb. 14 (Xinhua) -- China's meteorological authority announced on Monday that it has received 7.5 million yuan from the country's Ministry of Finance to strengthen its efforts in fighting persistent drought in some regions.The fund would be used to support efforts by meteorological departments in Shanxi, Hebei, Anhui, Shandong, and Henan provinces, all major crop-producing regions, to conduct activities for seeding clouds and making artificial rain, according to a statement posted on the National Meteorological Administration website.Government data shows that a prolonged drought since last October had affected 108.24 million mu (7.22 million hectares) of wheat crops in those provinces, as well as Jiangsu, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces, as of Sunday.The statement added that some of the affected regions experienced two rounds of snowfall last week, which were helpful in alleviating the drought. However, the major wheat-growing provinces of Shandong and Henan recorded no rainfall.The country's meteorological authority also predicted no significant rainfall or heavy snowfall for the dry regions over the next three days. (One U.S. dollar equals roughly 6.6 yuan.) 

LOS ANGELES, April 12 (Xinhua) -- With the help of NASA Telescopes, astronomers have uncovered one of the youngest galaxies in the distant universe, with stars that formed 13.5 billion years ago, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) announced on Tuesday.The finding addresses questions about when the first galaxies arose, and how the early universe evolved, JPL noted in a press release.Infrared data from both the Hubble Space Telescope and the post- coolant, or "warm," phase of NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope mission revealed that the galaxy's stars are quite mature, which means they must have formed when the universe was just a toddler, said JPL in Pasadena, Los Angeles.This challenges theories of how soon galaxies formed in the first years of the universe and could even help solve the mystery of how the hydrogen fog that filled the early universe was cleared, according to astronomers involved in the study.This galaxy is not the most distant ever observed, but it is one of the youngest to be observed with such clarity, JPL said.Normally, galaxies like this one are extremely faint and difficult to study, but, in this case, nature has provided the astronomers with a cosmic magnifying glass, JPL said.The galaxy's image is being magnified by the gravity of a massive cluster of galaxies parked in front of it, making it appear 11 times brighter. This phenomenon is called gravitational lensing."Without this big lens in space, we could not study galaxies this faint with currently available observing facilities," said Eiichi Egami of the University of Arizona in Tucson. "Thanks to nature, we have this great opportunity to see our universe as it was eons ago."The findings may help explain how the early universe became " reionized," according to JPL."Seeing a galaxy as it appeared near the beginning of the universe is an awe-inspiring feat enabled by innovative technology and the fortuitous effect of gravitational lensing," Jon Morse, NASA's Astrophysics Division director at the agency's headquarters in Washington, said in the release."Observations like this open a window across space and time, but more importantly, they inspire future work to one day peer at the stars that lit up the universe following the big bang."