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BEIJING, Jan. 30 (Xinhua) -- A total of 248 people were arrested in China last year for involvement in food safety cases, food safety authorities said Sunday.The country dealt with 130,000 cases involving food safety last year, including 115 criminal cases, according to a statement of the National Food Safety Regulating Work Office.The cases touched upon such areas as production of edible agricultural produce, food production, food circulation, catering services and food exports and imports,"No major incident occurred last year, and the overall food safety situation maintained stable," said the statement.Last year also saw a nationwide crackdown on "gutter oil", usually made from discarded kitchen waste that has been refined, after media reports that it was commonly used by small restaurants.Since July when the State Council, or Cabinet, ordered the eradication of "gutter oil", 165.7 tons of edible oil has been confirmed to have been disqualified and produced by unknown sources.Chinese authorities since July last year have also cracked down on the use of undisposed tainted milk powder produced before the melamine scandal of 2008.About 2,132 tonnes of melamine-tainted milk powder was seized in the latest crackdown, the statement said.A total of 191 officials were punished for failing to do their duty in food safety enforcement, with 26 of them fired, it said.In July last year, Dongyuan milk powder, produced in west China's Qinghai Province, was found to contain excessive levels of melamine, a toxic chemical normally used in the manufacturing of plastics, which triggered the nationwide crackdown.It is the latest blitz on tainted milk products since 2008 when melamine-tainted milk powder killed at least six infants and sickened 300,000 children across the country.

BEIJING, May 5 (Xinhua) -- A Chinese official has vowed to take every possible measure to ensure food safety in the country, saying the government has decided to launch national overhauls this year on sectors including milk products, cooking oil, health foods, meat and alcohol.Zhang Yong, director of the executive office of the food safety commission under the State Council, or Cabinet, said in an interview with Xinhua that the food and drinks in these five sectors are consumed in enormous quantities each day and they will do great harm and have an extensive social impact if a problem arises.Through special campaigns to overhaul these five sectors and by solving the most prominent problems, the government aims to accumulate experiences and create administrative systems in a bid to prevent food safety incidents and raise the overall level of food safety, Zhang said.The central government initiated a prolonged and stringent fight against the illegal use of additives in food last month, detailing measures to intensify supervision, upgrade safety limits, and increase penalties for violators.Vice Premier Li Keqiang warned of the great harm from illegal additives in food at a high-profile national meeting last month, promising a "firm attitude, iron-hand measures and more efforts" in dealing with the problem.Zhang Yong admitted "China is in a period when food safety incidents are likely to arise" since the country's food industry is on a fast track for development and a large number of food producers and catering operators are running their businesses in a small-scale or scattered way."It makes it more difficult for the government departments to conduct supervision on food quality and safety," Zhang said."We will take every possible measure to consolidate the feeble foundation to ensure food safety and curb food safety incidents as soon as possible," he said.According to Zhang, the government will also make efforts to improve supervision and emergency handling capabilities, raise the credibility and personnel quality of the involved enterprises, and severely punish violators.The Chinese government made the moves after a series of food safety scandals emerged despite the authorities' efforts to revamp the country's food industry. They included steamed buns dyed with unidentified chemicals, the use of "lean meat powder", also known as clenbuterol, a kind of fat-burning drug, as well as the use of illegal cooking oil known as "gutter oil."

WASHINGTON, April 25 (Xinhua) -- A class of drugs that shows promise in breast and ovarian cancers with BRCA gene mutations could potentially benefit colorectal cancer patients with a different genetic mutation, a new study from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center finds.Working in cell lines from colorectal cancer patients, researchers found that the class of drugs called PARP inhibitors worked against tumors with mutations in the MRE11 gene.About 15 percent of all colorectal cancers have what's called microsatellite instability, a type of error in the DNA. About 82 percent of those tumors have the MRE11 gene mutation."This is a potential broader application for PARP inhibitors, beyond breast and ovarian cancer. This is a class of drug that's already shown safety in early clinical trials and now might benefit some colorectal cancer patients as well," says lead study author Eduardo Vilar-Sanchez, a hematology/oncology fellow at the university, in a statement.The study, which was published Monday in Cancer Research, also found that PARP inhibitors are even more effective when both copies of MRE11 were mutated. Each person carries two copies of each gene, which means mutations can occur in either one or both copies. The researchers suggest that PARP inhibitors could be targeted specifically to colorectal cancer patients who have two copies of the mutated gene.Researchers are planning a phase I clinical trial to look at using PARP inhibitors in colorectal cancer patients with two mutated copies of MRE11. Future trials are being considered using PARP inhibitors to prevent colorectal cancer and other cancers in people with Lynch syndrome whose tumors have this mutation.Microsatellite instability is also seen in prostate cancer and endometrial cancer, suggesting potential for PARP inhibitors to play a role in additional types of cancer as well, Vilar-Sanchez says, adding that more research is needed in these areas.

SHANGHAI, May, 13 (Xinhua) -- Scientists attending a recent high-level conference on robotics agreed that great progress has been made in the field, but strict rules for the safe usage of robots should be implemented."Four years ago, if you went into a Chinese factory and said 'robots can help you work,' you would be kicked out. But now, China has a large industrial robot market, along with Japan, the Republic of Korea and the United States," says Li Zexiang, general chair of the 2011 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2011), which concluded Friday in Shanghai.Chinese robotics researchers have suggested to the government that rules and regulations for robot usage should be created. Professor Wang Tianmiao from the Beihang University (BUAA) told Xinhua about the suggestions during the conference.Wang says that in the future, it might not be possible for artificial intelligence to take the place of humans in some social roles. However, Wang says that mankind should pay close attention to the possible dangers of advancements in robotics, as the industry is currently undergoing dramatic changes.The five-day conference, which is organized by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), took place in China for the first time ever since its first session in 1984, which took place in the city of Atlanta in the United States.Media reports show that Japan, the Republic of Korea (ROK) and several Western countries have already drafted rules about the safe use of robots.

XI'AN, March 31 (Xinhua) -- Archeologists in the northwestern Shaanxi Province confirmed Thursday, after weeks of lab work, that the bones they found in a bronze cooking vessel from a 2,400-year-old tomb belonged to a male dog under a year old.Altogether 37 bones were found in the cooking vessel, which was unearthed in November 2010 from a tomb near the Xianyang International Airport in the suburbs of Xi'an, said Liu Daiyun, a researcher with the Shaanxi Provincial Archeological Institute."When we opened the 20-cm tall cooking vessel, we were shocked to find bones and soup inside," said Liu.The bones and soup had all turned greenish, similar in color to the bronze container, he said.Cooking vessels were a typical offering Chinese once presented to their deceased ancestors, said Liu.The custom became prevalent around the Warring States Period (475 - 221 BC), the time Liu and his colleagues believed this dog stew was offered.Hu Songmei, a researcher who did most of the lab work to identify the bones, said they found the bones were "strikingly similar" to four complete sets of canine skeletons preserved at the institute's lab.The newly found bones, however, were smaller, indicating the dog was just a pup, said Hu.Hu said further lab work was needed to tell the exact species of the canine. "Dogs were domesticated by humans at least 10,000 years ago, but the early dog species that evolved from wild wolves could be very different from today's pet dogs."Besides the dog bones, experts also found a wine-like liquid in another airtight kitchen ware from the same tomb. "Whoever the tomb owner was, he must have loved liquor and meat, so his sons wished he could still enjoy the feast in his grave."