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WASHINGTON, Dec. 21 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Wednesday approved Isentress for the treatment of HIV-1 infection for children and adolescents.The drug is part of a class of medications called HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors that works by slowing the spread of HIV in the body. It was first approved for use in adult patients in October 2007, under FDA's accelerated approval program."Many young children and adolescents are living with HIV and this approval provides an important additional option for their treatment," said Edward Cox, director of the Office of Antimicrobial Products in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.Isentress is a pill that can be taken twice daily, with or without food. The pill is also available in a chewable form. As the two tablet formulations are not interchangeable, the chewable form is only approved for use in children ages 2 to 11.A single, multi-center clinical trial of 96 children and adolescents aged 2-18 years with HIV-1 infection evaluated the safety and effectiveness of Isentress. These patients previously received treatment for HIV-1 infection. After 24 weeks of treatment with Isentress, 53 percent of these patients had an undetectable amount of HIV in their blood.According to the FDA, the most commonly reported severe, treatment-related side effects in patients taking Isentress include trouble sleeping and headache. The frequency of these side effects is similar for children and adults. One pediatric patient reported severe treatment-related insomnia, while another pediatric patient experienced a drug-related skin rash.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 1 (Xinhua) -- Twin U.S. spacecraft to study the moon from crust to core put themselves into the lunar orbit on New Year's Eve and New Year's Day, the country's space agency said.The second Gravity Recovery And Interior Laboratory, or GRAIL-B, reached its lunar orbit at 5:43 p.m. EST (2243 GMT) on Sunday, according to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).The GRAIL-A started orbiting the moon at 5 p.m. (2200 GMT) Saturday.The insertion maneuvers placed the spacecraft into a near-polar, elliptical orbit with an orbital period of approximately 11.5 hours, NASA said.Over the coming weeks, the GRAIL team will execute a series of burns with each spacecraft to reduce their orbital period to just under two hours. At the start of the science phase in March 2012, the twin GRAILs will be in a near-polar, near-circular orbit with an altitude of about 55 km."NASA greets the new year with a new mission of exploration," Administrator Charles Bolden said in a statement. "The twin GRAIL spacecraft will vastly expand our knowledge of our moon and the evolution of our own planet."During GRAIL's science mission, the two probes will transmit radio signals precisely defining the distance between them. As they fly over areas of greater and lesser gravity caused by visible features such as mountains, craters and masses hidden beneath the lunar surface, the distance between the twin spacecraft will change slightly.Scientists will translate this information into a high-resolution map of the moon's gravitational field.The data will allow scientists to understand what goes on below the lunar surface and increase knowledge of how Earth and its rocky neighbors in the inner solar system developed into the diverse worlds we see today.

BEIJING, Nov. 30 (Xinhua) -- China's efforts to fight AIDS are impressive and its experience can be shared, according to Michel Sidibe, executive director of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)."We have seen progress in terms of new infections. The number of people going into treatment is increasing and the mortality rate is going down very quickly in China," Sidibe said during an interview with Xinhua on Wednesday.Sidibe said he was impressed by the country's political leadership and commitment to controlling AIDS.According to UNAIDS, the country has reported a 60-percent reduction in deaths due to AIDS over the past eight years.New HIV infection cases in China have been reduced from 70,000 people annually in 2005 to around 48,000 in 2011, according to the country's health department."However, China's success will not only be measured by what it has done for the Chinese people," Sidibe said.China has successful experience in reducing new HIV infections among intravenous drug users, which can be shared with the rest of the world, particularly east Europe and south Asia where HIV infections among drug abusers is a major challenge, he said.Sidibe suggested that the country should work with the rest of the developing world, particularly Africa, in fighting AIDS.A partnership between China and Africa will make a "big, big difference" in reducing AIDS mortality rates and introducing new technology and perspectives in Africa, said the official who had worked for UN in several African countries for more than two decades.Admitting the challenges of funding AIDS control programs during the current global economic downturn, Sidibe called for global solidarity and increasing shared responsibilities among countries."It is a critical moment now. It is not a time to stop investment but to redouble our efforts, to make sure that we will continue to make progress in the fight against HIV," Sidibe said."Getting to Zero" has been chosen as the main theme of World AIDS Day for the next five years, referring to UNAIDS' vision of "zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths."Sidibe met with Li Congjun, president of the Xinhua News Agency, on Wednesday before the interview. The agency has launched a global media campaign in cooperation with UNAIDS to raise public awareness about HIV/AIDS."The partnership (with Xinhua) is not only about writing news about HIV. It is about helping people to change their attitude and make decisions to help protect themselves," Sidibe said.

BEIJING, Oct. 28 (Xinhuanet) -- Taking aspirin everyday may lower the risk of developing colon cancer for people with the cancer-causing genes, researchers found.The finding was published on Friday in the British medical journal "Lancet".The researchers followed 508 patients with Lynch syndrome, an inherited disorder which increases the risk of developing colon and other cancers.These patients were divided into two groups: members in one group took 600 mg aspirins everyday; another group took only the dummy pills.After 4 years, 10 colon cancer cases were reported among 258 patients who took daily aspirins for at least two years, comparing with 23 cases among 250 patients on dummy pills."This is good news for a very specific population," said Asad Umar, a cancer prevention expert at the U.S. National Cancer Institute.However, the finding doesn't apply to the general public, suggested the lead author of the study John Burn, a geneticist at Newcastle University in England.Only those who are at risk of such diseases should consider taking aspirin regularly, such as people having a family history of colon cancer, he added.

BEIJING, Nov. 24 (Xinhua) -- China's Supreme People's Court vowed to harshly crack down on bribery, abuse of power and malpractice in food safety cases as such illegalities have become top concerns for Chinese people.Chinese courts at all levels had heard 173 cases and sentenced 255 people in relation to the production and sale of unsafe food in the first ten months of this year, Sun Jungong, spokesman of the Supreme People's Court (SPC), said Thursday."China has seen a growing number of food safety cases in recent years with increasing difficulties for investigation," Sun said.According to the SPC, Chinese courts handled 84 food safety cases in 2008, and 148 and 119 cases in 2009 and 2010, respectively. The number of food safety violators sentenced in the past three years totaled 101, 208 and 162, respectively.The SPC also promulgated four typical food safety illegalities exposed in recent years.In the latest food safety scandal, four people in central China's Henan province were prosecuted for the crime of "endangering public security by using dangerous means" in July after they were found to have produced and sold clenbuterol, a poisonous feed additive that pig farms use to boost the output of lean meat.The spokesman said the SPC will strengthen cooperation with police and procuratorial organs to improve the efficiency of dealing with, and preventing food safety crimes.

来源：资阳报