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Many public school districts across the country are choosing to do remote, online learning once school starts back up in the fall. But where does this leave some of the crucial support staff like school nurses and librarians?While some districts are furloughing or laying off staff, others are getting creative."There’s a variety of tasks we can do even though we’re not physically on campus and on site," says Jane Banks, the director of health services at Fresno Unified School District in California.Banks is deploying the district's 67 full-time school nurses and nearly 50 licensed vocational nurses to act as contact tracers during the pandemic."A lot of the work can be done virtually and we actually do it over the phone. Most of the time, I spend a lot of time on the phone with families and staff and so I can see it being the same in the fall," says Banks.Fresno Unified says its librarians will also be working remotely this fall, supporting schools' digital libraries, checking out textbooks for at-home use, distributing computers and WIFI hotspots to families, creating high quality digital resources for students and teachers and so much more.For support staff like librarians and nurses, it's a job they're not used to doing remotely but they're finding there is still so much to do to support students while they're not on campuses."We're trying to do our best in ensuring that we're trying to keep as much staff as we can. Now is the time where we need our school nurses, where we need our health staff," says Banks.Laurie Combe, the president of the National Association of School Nurses, says districts are in a tough spot this fall. Educators are dealing with rising costs to keep students and staff safe amid the COVID-19 pandemic, all during state budget cuts. Some districts are being put in a tight financial situation."I have heard for some layoffs and I've heard of some furloughs. So, there's a big difference there," says Combe.Combe adds that school nurses have been crucial in assisting districts through the pandemic since the spring and they'll continue to do so in the fall."They've been essential to the planning and preparation and emergency preparedness of school districts," says Combe.Combe hopes districts will be innovative in the ways they can use school nurses. Fresno Unified is hoping to maximize nursing services this fall."There's a lot of things they can do off-site. Things like connecting with parents and families, especially we have nurses who are connecting with students who may fall into those high risk categories and ensuring they are safe during this time," says Banks.Fresno Unified will also be testing out something brand new this fall: Telehealth with school nurses."Right now, it's the limitations with access and just kind of bridging that gap. Especially with our families that might not be able to drive somewhere and get services that they need," says Banks.The district is just in the planning phase right now but they hope that even with school campuses physically shut down this fall, that school nurses will still be able to connect and treat families remotely. 3141

Mass shootings and acts of terrorism may dominate headlines, but it's the homicides and, to a lesser extent, the suicides that happen out of the spotlight that make up the bulk of firearm-related deaths around the world, according to a study published Tuesday in the journal JAMA. More gun deaths happened outside of war than in it during the years researchers examined (1990 through 2016) in 195 countries and territories.Worldwide, an estimated 251,000 people died by gun in 2016. In 1990, there were 209,000 firearm-related deaths. Accounting for population growth, that's an annualized rate decrease of 0.9 percent.Gun deaths are predominantly concentrated in six countries that make up less than 10 percent of the world's population. The United States, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela and Guatemala together account for more than half of the gun-related deaths worldwide.In 2016, the majority of global firearm deaths -- an estimated 64 percent -- were homicides. Suicides accounted for 27 percent of the gun deaths. A small fraction, about 9 percent of gun deaths, were accidental.If you were to look on a map, the highest numbers of gun-related homicides are concentrated in a belt that stretches from Mexico through the Caribbean to Brazil. Many of these homicides involve drug cartels, the authors suggest, and there's a problem with organized crime and the illegal gun trade.El Salvador saw the greatest concentration of gun-related homicides in 2016, with 38.9 per 100,000 people. By comparison, Singapore, the country that had the fewest, had 0.1 gun-related homicides per 100,000."The sheer magnitude of these deaths and the range in firearm-related deaths is extraordinary," said the study's senior author, Chris Murray, director of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington.The most vulnerable demographic to gun violence was men between 20 and 24 years old. Men were also the biggest perpetrators of gun violence.Suicide-by-gun rates declined globally between 1990 and 2016. Some countries, though, struggled with this public health crisis. In 2016, Greenland had the highest number of firearm suicides, with 22 deaths per 100,000 people. The US had the second-highest number, with 6.4 deaths per 100,000 in 2016."The US really has quite marked rates around suicide," Murray said. "That was a surprise to me."For perspective, the United States has 4.3 percent of the world's population, but suicide by gun there represented 35.3 percent of all firearm suicides in the world in 2016. By comparison, there were twice as many firearm suicides as gun-related homicides in 2016 in the US.Americans also own more guns per capita than residents of any other country, with about four in 10 Americans saying they either own a gun or live in a home with guns, according to a 2017 Pew Center study.Americans have been killing themselves more with guns over the past decade, but homicide numbers have been relatively flat. The US ranks 30th in the world for total number of homicides, according to the study.The highest increase in gun-related suicide rates in this time period was in Jamaica, and Singapore had the fewest gun-related suicide deaths. These numbers, Murray said, are an important reminder about how widespread this public health problem is.There is no one single trend behind gun violence. Drugs, alcohol, a lack of mental health services and domestic violence are often to blame, as is poverty, the study suggests."Places with high rates of firearm mortality that are getting worse tend to be places with weak government institutions, especially in the criminal justice system or social upheaval," Daniel Webster, who has written extensively about gun violence as director of the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Policy and Research, wrote in an email. Other things that stood out from these numbers, he said, is that while the "measures aren't great," he said, "there is a connection: more guns, more gun-related deaths."Webster, who was not involved in the new research, added that the general downward trend in firearm mortality is something that stands out because "we tend to think of our current rates of gun violence as the worst ever, but there has been great progress" toward stemming some of this violence.Laws that seem to limit gun violence include ones that strengthen background checks and require permits for ownership, the study authors said. More restrictions on guns in Brazil and South Africa seem to suggest a link between a reduced access to gun ownership and a lower number of gun-related suicides and homicides. 4601

MCFARLAND, California — The Kern County Sheriff's Office says an arrest has been made in connection to the death of California grape grower Jakov Dulcich.Authorities pulled over a car occupied by Mariano Fernandez Perez early on Saturday, a man from Delano, California who had been identified as a suspect in the killing. 349

Manufactured homes are making a comeback. Bloomberg reports since 2009, the homes have been on the rise. Many home buyers are turning to manufactured homes, because they are more affordable.Features that make them appealing to home buyers, include open floor plans, spacious kitchens and big bedrooms and bathrooms. “A lot of people are surprised when they come into our homes for the first time," says Phillip Dickson, with Clayton Homes. "It’s not what they are expecting.”However, there are a few things, aesthetically, that are different. There is a marriage line down the center of a manufactured home. When it’s assembled, it comes in two pieces. In recent years, Dickson says he’s seen an uptick in purchases. He says people are needing affordable housing in this competitive market. According to the National Association of Realtors, an average American home cost about 8,000. A starting price for a manufactured home, with no add-ons, can cost just ,000.When it comes to a manufactured home, there are many housing experts that say factory-built homes depreciate in value. However, Dickson says whether your home is manufactured or not, if you live in a great location, the value of your home will go up. Despite the value of a manufactured home, there are many buyers worried more about the home’s quality. But Dickson says the same requirements put in place for a site build home are still required for manufactured homes. Dickson hopes to break the stigma of how people view a manufactured home. He says if you’re looking to buy a home that you can customize, place where you want and keep it under budget, then a manufactured home might be your best choice.  1760

Mail bomb suspect Cesar Sayoc will be held without bond after making his first appearance Tuesday in a federal court in New York.The defense issued no objection to US Magistrate Judge Robert Lehrburger's decision. Sayoc's preliminary hearing was originally scheduled for Monday, but as courts are closed on Veteran's Day, his hearing has been rescheduled for Tuesday morning.In a letter, prosecutors had said they were asking that Sayoc be held without bond, based on his flight risk and the danger they said he posed to the community.Sayoc, who spent Monday night at the federal Metropolitan Correctional Center in Manhattan after a charter transport flight from Florida, entered the courtroom wearing a navy blue prison uniform with a beige T-shirt underneath. He did not wear handcuffs or shackles.He conferred with public defender Sarah Jane Baumgartel, who sat next to him, and answered the judge's questions. Lehrburger officially appointed Baumgartel as his counsel.After the appearance, Sayoc and Baumgartel embraced before law enforcement officers led Sayoc out of the courtroom.The 56-year-old faces five federal charges: interstate transportation of an explosive, illegal mailing of explosives, threats against former presidents and other persons, threatening interstate communications and assaulting current and former federal officers.Sayoc is accused of sending at least 16 mail bombs to several targets, including CNN, former President Barack Obama and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. None of the devices detonated, and no one was injured. He was arrested October 26 in Florida.Daniel Aaronson, the attorney who represented him during proceedings in Florida, has said his client intended to plead not guilty to the crimes."Nobody has been able in a court of law to say that those were bombs that he sent," Aaronson said. "Therefore, there is no reason why he should speak or possibly have any information to impart."A federal judge in Miami ruled last week that he be transferred to face charges in New York, where some of the targets of the packages lived and worked.  2108

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