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Next week, the U.S. House and Senate will take up police reform bills.The House will address qualified immunity on a national level. It's a doctrine implemented by the U.S. Supreme Court that makes it difficult to sue police, even if one's constitutional rights are violated.The doctrine protects officers who can defend their actions because they didn't know their conduct was unconstitutional. That's because it wasn't “clearly established” in a prior court ruling.In practice, courts have dismissed civil rights lawsuits because there wasn't a previous case in the same location with the same circumstances. So, there's also no precedent for future cases. That's why the doctrine is criticized as a "catch 22."“That kind of ‘does this officer get the benefit of the doubt?’ type of inquiry gives judges just lots of room based on their interpretation, their view of whether this seems like a bad case or not, and it means that the judge is taking cases away from the jury based on their own views of the facts,” said Brandon Garrett, professor of law at Duke University.“The way to truly understand it is to look at in the context, as a lot of people are suddenly looking at it when police uses force, and particularly when it's deadly force,” said Aderson Francois, professor of law at Georgetown UniversityThe officers involved in a wrongful death lawsuit in Washington D.C. are expected to claim qualified immunity. In 2018, Marqueese Alston was shot and killed by police while running away. The court will only look at it from the perspective of police and if they reasonably feared for their lives.“What the court will not do is to ask did my client, a 22-year-old black man in DC have a reasonable fear for the police that caused him to run away in the first place,” said Francois.It's important to point out that officers do not personally foot the bill in these cases.“It's about the municipality, the county, the city,” said Garrett. “They're the ones who are paying. They're the ones who should be held accountable. After all, if this officer was poorly trained or didn't have the right support from colleagues, it's not the officer's fault necessarily.”Qualified immunity makes it so the constitutional issue is never addressed. Even if the doctrine disappears, it's still difficult to win a constitutional claim. 2335

NEW YORK – Director Joel Schumacher has died at the age of 80.Schumacher passed away in New York City after a year-long cancer battle, Variety and TMZ have confirmed through the filmmaker’s representation.The native of New York was perhaps best known for directing films in the 1980s and 90s, like “St. Elmo’s Fire,” “The Lost Boys,” “A Time to Kill” and multiple “Batman” films when Tim Burton left Warner Bros.Schumacher's films featuring the caped crusader were "Batman Forever" and "Batman & Robin." And although the movies received largely negative reviews at the time of their release, they've developed into cult classics for many. Schumacher also went on to direct the widely praised “The Phantom of the Opera” in 2004, which earned three Academy Award nominations, including best production design, best cinematography and best original song. 863

New research shows women are more optimistic about aging and retirement than ever.Jane Lafave is using retirement to follow her passion. She volunteers at a refugee resettlement agency, making sure people are prepared when applying for jobs.Ironically, it took her leaving her job, to be able to do this.“My whole career really was balancing my children and my husband, you know, my work and all that kind of thing,” Lafave says.Lafave spent decades working as a certified public accountant, and she retired at the age of 57.“It was just time,” she says. “I needed more time and space in my life to do things other than work.That led her to the Ignatian Volunteer Corps, which placed her at the African Community Center.For two days a week, she helps refugees adjust to life in a new country.“This is just a great gift for me to serve other people who have had a much harder life than I’ve had,” Lafave says.Lafave isn't alone.A new survey from TD Ameritrade found women are increasingly viewing their retirement years with optimism.“The Women and Aging Survey” found 62 percent of women said retirement will be, "the most liberating phase of my life," and 72 percent said after years of focusing on others, aging finally gives them an, "opportunity to focus on myself." Eighty-three percent said aging provides a fresh chance to "reach new goals."Nearly 9 of 10 women surveyed said, 'it's important to me to retain a sense of higher purpose as I age.“I feel that this is my time in life to give back,” Lafave says.That's what she is doing here.“I think that's one of the gifts of age is that we've become much more aware of purpose and the time is short and we need to use it.” 1686

NEW YORK (AP) — A judge has rejected a million settlement between Harvey Weinstein and some of his accusers. U.S. District Judge Alvin Hellerstein in Manhattan said Weinstein's accusers in the proposed class-action settlement were too varied to be grouped together. Lawyers for several women who had opposed the deal praised what they described as Hellerstein's swift rejection of a one-sided proposal. Back in March, Weinstein was sentenced to 23 years in prison for rape and sexual assault.According to CNN, Weinstein was sentenced to 20 years in prison for the charge of a criminal sexual act in the first degree and three years in prison for a charge of rape in the third degree.90 women accused Weinstein of harassment, inappropriate touching, and sexual assault, the New York Times reported.A spokesman for Weinstein did not immediately comment. A lawyer for his companies declined to comment.And there was no immediate comment from New York Attorney General Letitia James, who announced the tentative agreement on June 30. The deal would have provided between ,500 and 0,000 to some women who accused Weinstein of abusing them. 1151

NEW ORLEANS (AP) — Art Neville, a member of a storied New Orleans musical family who performed with his siblings in The Neville Brothers band and founded the groundbreaking funk group The Meters, died Monday. The artist nicknamed "Poppa Funk" was 81.Neville's manager, Kent Sorrell, said Neville died at his home."Art 'Poppa Funk' Neville passed away peacefully this morning at home with his adoring wife, Lorraine, by his side," Sorrell said in an email.The cause of death was not immediately available but Neville had battled a number of health issues including complications from back surgery."Louisiana lost an icon today," Gov. John Bel Edwards said in a news release.The Neville Brothers spent some of their childhood in the now demolished Calliope housing project in New Orleans and some at a family home in uptown New Orleans.In a 2003 interview with Offbeat magazine, Art Neville described going to a Methodist church as a child where he had his first encounter with a keyboard."My grandmother used to clean the pulpit. She was in there cleaning it one day and I guess she was babysitting me 'cause I was in there with her. She went to one side and all of a sudden I was on the side where the organ was," he said. "Something told me to turn it on. I reached up and pressed a bass note and it scared the daylights out of me!"That experience helped kick off a lifelong career as a keyboardist and vocalist.The Neville Brothers — Art, Charles, Cyril and Aaron — started singing as kids but then went their separate ways in the 1950s and '60s. In 1954 Art Neville was in high school when he sang the lead on the Hawketts' remake of a country song called "Mardi Gras Mambo."He told the public radio show "American Routes" how he was recruited by the Hawketts. "I don't know how they found out where I lived," he said in the interview. "But they needed a piano player. And they came up to the house and they asked my mother and father could I go."More than 60 years later, the song remains a staple of the Carnival season, but that longevity never translated into financial success for Art Neville who received no money for it."It made me a big shot around school," Art said with a laugh during a 1993 interview with The Associated Press.In the late '60s, Art Neville was a founding member of The Meters, a pioneering American funk band that also included Cyril Neville, Leo Nocentelli (guitar), George Porter Jr. (bass) and Joseph "Zigaboo" Modeliste (drums).The Meters were the house band for Allen Toussaint's New Orleans soul classics and opened for the Rolling Stones' tour of the Americas in 1975 and of Europe in 1976.They also became known for their session work with Paul McCartney, Robert Palmer and Patti LaBelle and recordings with Dr. John.The Meters broke up in 1977, but members of the band have played together in groups such as the Funky Meters and the Meter Men. And in more recent years The Meters have reunited for various performances and have often been cited as an inspiration for other groups.Flea, the bass player for the Red Hot Chili Peppers, paid homage to The Meters when he invited members of the group onstage to perform with the Chili Peppers during a 2016 performance at the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival."We are their students," Flea said.As The Meters were breaking up, The Neville Brothers were coming together. In 1978 they recorded their first Neville Brothers album.Charles died in 2018.For years, The Neville Brothers were the closing act at Jazz Fest. After 2005's Hurricane Katrina, the four brothers — like many New Orleanians — were scattered across the country while the city struggled to recover. They returned to anchor the festival in 2007."This is how it should be," Art Neville said during a news conference with festival organizers announcing their return to the annual event. "We're a part of Jazz Fest."He shared in three Grammy awards: with The Neville Brothers for "Healing Chant," in 1989; with a group of musicians on the Stevie Ray Vaughn tribute "SRV Shuffle in 1996; and with The Meters when they got a lifetime achievement in 2018."Art will be deeply missed by many, but remembered for imaginatively bringing New Orleans funk to life," the Recording Academy, which awards the Grammys, said in a news release.Neville announced his retirement in December.___This corrects previous versions of this story by deleting reference to Aaron Neville having been a member of the Meters. 4459

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